Applying the Human Rights Framework Is Not “a” Development Alternative; It Is “the” Road to an Alternative Development Process (People’s Health Movement Latin America)

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-567
Author(s):  
Claudio Schuftan

Historically, political elites adopted the idea of human rights if, and only if, it could foster their interests. Today, it is thus public interest civil society organizations, and not states, that are left to contribute most to the protection of and the struggle for human rights. Despite human rights being enshrined in constitutions, nowadays they can primarily be effectively claimed by those with access to the courts and by the press, i.e., those in power. Public interest civil society organizations and social movements are the only ones left to play this crucial role. The need for the global human rights movement to bridge the gap that has opened up between itself and the majority of the public is clear. Communications in the human rights domain simply have to become less legalistic and more hands-on. To claim their rights, those rendered poor need real power. Those who have been left poor and oppressed do not ever get to actively claim their rights. Instead they ask for mercy, expect charity, and seek benefits from benevolent masters.

Author(s):  
Kinda Mohamadieh

This chapter examines the various roles undertaken by civil society organizations (CSOs), or nongovernmental organizations, in the Arab region and their implications for collaboration between CSOs and the United Nations, with particular emphasis on how CSOs figure in policy debates and the human rights movement. CSOs in the Arab region, mainly those working on policy and legislative issues, have been engaged with UN-led processes and conferences since the 1992 Earth Summit, and including the 1995 Summit on Social Development and the 2000 Millennium Summit. However, as some UN agencies, driven by a quest for funding, have moved into programmatic interventions, tensions have sometimes emerged between CSOs and UN agencies when some UN agencies have ended up potentially competing with CSOs for funding or crowding out the space available for CSOs. This chapter first traces the history of CSO-UN interactions in the Arab region before discussing the new challenges and possibilities raised during the period of the Arab uprisings.


Author(s):  
Stavroula Karapapa

A number of copyright exceptions and limitations aim to promote the production of new copyright works and new authorship, and the protection of the public interest in gaining access to information and knowledge embodied in copyright-protected works. Most of these exceptions are premised on a fundamental human rights justification, such as freedom of speech or freedom of the press, or the right to access protected works without discrimination on grounds of disability. These include, for instance, reproduction by the press for the reporting of current events, quotations for criticism or review, and uses for the purpose of caricature, parody, or pastiche. They also include exceptions and limitations available to persons who are blind, visually impaired, or otherwise print-disabled. Although these exceptions and limitations are express manifestations of fundamental human rights, their scope remains relatively narrow and their legal nature and status against contractual overridability is not settled. Indeed, the permissibility of the relevant activities is subject to a number of internal limitations that may not work well in light of modern uses of materials in the online context. These include purpose limitations, such as the requirement that some uses ought to be non-commercial, scope limits (e.g. the doctrinal requirement that parodies have to be an expression of humour and mockery to be lawful), or restrictive principles that are inherent within copyright, like attribution to the source of the original work.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-208
Author(s):  
Paul Chaney ◽  
Seuty Sabur ◽  
Sarbeswar Sahoo

This article explores civil society organizations’ (CSOs) views on the contemporary situation of LGBT+ people in Bangladesh. It is a lacuna requiring attention because of the country’s poor and deteriorating equality and human rights record. Here we analyse the level of attention to prevailing human rights violations and apply critical frame analysis to the corpus of CSOs’ submissions to the United Nations third cycle Universal Periodic Review (UPR), 2013–2018. These reveal how a series of key pathologies—including, violence, intimidation and discrimination—affect the lives of LGBT+ people. The wider significance of this study lies in highlighting that, while not a replacement for justiciable rights, the discursive processes offered by the UPR are of key significance in seeking to advance LGBT+ rights in countries like Bangladesh where oppression combines with extremism and political elites’ refusal to embrace equality in relation to gender identity and sexual orientation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (37) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Laís Amélia Revoredo de Paula ◽  
Maria Aparecida do Nascimento Cavalcanti Marques ◽  
Roberto Silva da Penha

O Terceiro Setor compreende as atividades voluntárias realizadas pela sociedade civil voltadas para o atendimento do interesse público. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar os principais fatores que influenciam na prestação de contas das Organizações da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público (OSCIP) das entidades situadas no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, na qual se utilizou como instrumento para a coleta de dados um survey direcionado aos gestores das 38 entidades qualificadas como OSCIP e que possuem o registro no portal do Cadastro Nacional de Entidades Sociais do Ministério da Justiça (CNES/MJ). Os resultados demonstraram que 50% das instituições não possuem os relatórios de prestação de contas disponíveis no portal CNES/MJ, apesar dos gestores entenderem a prestação de contas como uma forma de continuarem percebendo recursos. No que tange aos fatores identificados como passíveis de influenciar na prestação de contas, verificou-se que as entidades que possuem mais tempo de qualificação têm algum órgão específico dentro da organização e que o fato de ter uma contabilidade interna favorece a prestação de contas. Outro achado importante é que na percepção dos respondentes, o prazo estipulado para a prestação de contas é insuficiente comprometendo a adimplência por parte das entidades.Palavras-chave: Terceiro Setor. Prestação de Contas. OSCIP.Abstract The third sector comprises voluntary activities carried out by civil society aimed at meeting the public interest. The objective of the research is to identify the main factors that influence the accountability of Civil Society Organizations of Public Interest (OSCIPs) of entities located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. A descriptive research was carried out in which a survey was conducted as a tool for the data collection directed to the managers of the 38 entities qualified as OSCIPs and that have the registration in the portal of the National Register of Social Entities of the Ministry of Justice (CNES / MJ). The results showed that 50% of institutions do not have the reporting reports available on the CNES/MJ portal, although managers see accountability as a way to continue to perceive resources. Regarding the factors identified as capable of influencing the accountability, it was verified that the entities that have more qualification time have some specific organ within the organization and that the fact of having an internal accounting favors the rendering of accounts. Another important finding is that in the respondents’ perception, the deadline for accountability is insufficient, jeopardizing compliance by the entities.Keywords: Third Sector. Accountability. OSCIP.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Auradian Marta ◽  
Utang Suwaryo ◽  
Affan Sulaeman ◽  
Leo Agustino

This article attempts to discuss the practice of democratic governance in contemporary Indonesia. This study is essential since Indonesia is one of the countries transitioning from authoritarianism towards democracy following the fall of Suharto’s regime. This study shall answer whether democratic governance in Indonesia experiences a crisis, with a focus of analysis on the four dimensions of democratic governance, namely: (1) rule of law, (2) human rights, (3) civil society, and (4) elections and political process. This study applies a qualitative method by collecting data from document studies and literary studies. The findings in this study indicate that democratic governance in Indonesia experiences a crisis as evidenced by the remaining-weak legal supremacy in Indonesia, and the existence of violations of the implementation of human rights, eventually led to horizontal conflicts. The inability of civil society organizations to carry out their functions in democratization as an intermediary between the community and the state as well as to influence government policies for the public interest. Another recent weakness is there are still strong issues related to primordialism in the occasion of General Elections. This crisis of democratic governance shall bring Indonesia to "the decline of democracy" instead of democratic consolidation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Tat Marlina ◽  
Duwi Handoko

The purpose of this paper is to find out the problem of fulfilling the right to express opinions and violations of the right to health in Indonesia. This type of research is normative legal research specifically discussing human rights in the field of expressing opinions and rights to health. Data analysis in this study was carried out systematically based on the research problems described qualitatively. In relation to expressing opinions in public, such as demonstrations or demonstrations with many participants, restrictions on freedom are usually associated with "public order" or public orders. The most difficult is how to provide a balance between freedom and public order. Demonstrations by a number of doctors certainly have an impact on patient care, which in principle has harmed the public interest. In addition, the demonstration by blocking the road body certainly hurts the public interest, namely the interests of all road users. Based on the results of Komnas HAM's investigation, at least 15 types of human rights violations were affected by Lapindo mudflow victims. The problem when it is associated with the right to health is in the form of: not a few refugees whose health is disrupted resulting in people falling ill and some dying due to the absence of a proper environment for displaced people; and gas contaminated air and clean water facilities that are damaged are not handled properly by the government. Keywords: human rights, freedom of opinion, right to health


Author(s):  
David J. Hess

AbstractThis study contributes to the analysis of civil society and knowledge by examining mobilizations by civil society organizations and grassroots networks in opposition to wireless smart meters in the United States. Three types of mobilizations are reviewed: grassroots anti-smart-meter networks, privacy organizations, and organizations that advocate for reduced exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic fields. The study shows different relationships to scientific knowledge that include publicizing risks and conducting citizen science, identifying non-controversial areas of future research, and pointing to deeper problems of undone science (a particular type of non-knowledge that emerges when actors mobilize in the public interest and find an absence or low volume of research that could have been used to support their concerns). By comparing different types of knowledge claims made by the civil society organizations and networks, the study examines the conditions under which mobilized civil society generates positive responses from incumbent organizations versus resistance and undone science.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Tat Marlina ◽  
Duwi Handoko

The purpose of this paper is to find out the problem of fulfilling the right to express opinions and violations of the right to health in Indonesia. This type of research is normative legal research specifically discussing human rights in the field of expressing opinions and rights to health. Data analysis in this study was carried out systematically based on the research problems described qualitatively. In relation to expressing opinions in public, such as demonstrations or demonstrations with many participants, restrictions on freedom are usually associated with "public order" or public orders. The most difficult is how to provide a balance between freedom and public order. Demonstrations by a number of doctors certainly have an impact on patient care, which in principle has harmed the public interest. In addition, the demonstration by blocking the road body certainly hurts the public interest, namely the interests of all road users. Based on the results of Komnas HAM's investigation, at least 15 types of human rights violations were affected by Lapindo mudflow victims. The problem when it is associated with the right to health is in the form of: not a few refugees whose health is disrupted resulting in people falling ill and some dying due to the absence of a proper environment for displaced people; and gas contaminated air and clean water facilities that are damaged are not handled properly by the government.


Author(s):  
Harriet Samuels

Abstract The article investigates the negative attitude towards civil society over the last decade in the United Kingdom and the repercussions for human rights. It considers this in the context of the United Kingdom government’s implementation of the policy of austerity. It reflects on the various policy and legal changes, and the impact on the campaigning and advocacy work of civil society organizations, particularly those that work on social and economic rights.


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