Effect of interlocking pattern on short beam strength of 3D woven composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (20) ◽  
pp. 2789-2799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Syed TA Hamdani ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Yasir Nawab
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Epoxy System ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
3D Woven Composites ◽  
Shear Beam ◽  
Weave Pattern

Natural fiber-based preforms possess various attractive characteristics in different applications due to their light weight, value for money and compatibility with the environment. The possible tailorable shapes and mechanical properties make these more attractive for composites applications. Earlier, researchers focused on characterizing preforms for composites, but this work emphasis on the outcome of the weave patterns on composites performance. Mechanical performance (especially shear beam strength) of the 3D layer-to-layer and through-the-thickness prefroms with different interlocking patterns was deliberated. Composites were fabricated using 3D woven jute preforms and green epoxy system. The diverse performance of composites was compared. The effect of weave pattern remained prominent in their composites.

EXPERIMENTALLY VALIDATED SIMULATIONS OF BLIND HOLE DRILLING IN 3D WOVEN CARBON/EPOXY COMPOSITE WITH PROCESSING-INDUCED RESIDUAL STRESSES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTURO LEOS ◽  
KOSTIANTYN VASYLEVSKYI ◽  
IGOR TSUKROV ◽  
TODD GROSS ◽  
BORYS DRACH
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Blind Hole ◽  
Matrix Cracks ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
3D Woven Composites

Manufacturing-induced residual stresses in carbon/epoxy 3D woven composites arise during cooling after curing due to a large difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the carbon fibers and the epoxy matrix. The magnitudes of these stresses appear to be higher in composites with high throughthickness reinforcement and in some cases are sufficient to lead to matrix cracking. This paper presents a numerical approach to simulation of development of manufacturing-induced residual stresses in an orthogonal 3D woven composite unit cell using finite element analysis. The proposed mesoscale modeling combines viscoelastic stress relaxation of the epoxy matrix and realistic reinforcement geometry (based on microtomography and fabric mechanics simulations) and includes imaginginformed interfacial (tow/matrix) cracks. Sensitivity of the numerical predictions to reinforcement geometry and presence of defects is discussed. To validate the predictions, blind hole drilling is simulated, and the predicted resulting surface displacements are compared to the experimentally measured values. The validated model provides an insight into the volumetric distribution of residual stresses in 3D woven composites. The presented approach can be used for studies of residual stress effects on mechanical performance of composites and strategies directed at their mitigation.

Optimization of 3D woven preform for improved mechanical performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1206-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Syed Talha Ali Hamdani ◽  
Yasir Nawab ◽  
Muhammad Ayub Asghar ◽  
Muhammad Umair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Woven Structures ◽  
Weave Pattern

For structural design applications, through-thickness characteristics of reinforcement played a vital role, which is why 3D woven preforms are recommended for such applications. These characteristics are mainly dependent on the fiber and yarn positioning in reinforcement. Although research has been conducted for characterizing woven composites, special attention has not been made on weave pattern parameter which directly affects the mechanical performance of composites. In this research work, 3D orthogonal layer to layer and through thickness woven structures with different interlocking patterns have been thoroughly studied for their mechanical properties, thickness, air permeability and areal density. Natural fibers when used with biodegradable matrix find use in structural, as well as low to medium impact applications for automobiles. Jute yarn was used to produce four-layered 3D woven structures, as synthetic fibers will not give a biodegradable composite part. The focus of this study is to optimize weave pattern, which is robust in design, degradable preforms and easy to reproduce. The main objective of this research focused on the effectiveness of weaving patterns on physical and mechanical properties as well as to optimize the weave pattern for optimum performance. Grey relational analysis was used for the optimization of the robust weave pattern. The results showed that hybrid structures can be useful for improving the properties of the orthogonal layer to layer and through thickness woven structures. It was also noted that weft-way 3D woven structures can provide comparable mechanical properties with warp-way 3D woven structures.

A Novel Method for Dynamic Short-Beam Shear Testing of 3D Woven Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Walter ◽  
G. Subhash ◽  
B. V. Sankar ◽  
M. C. Song ◽  
C. F. Yen
Keyword(s):  
Woven Composites ◽  
Shear Testing ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Beam Shear ◽  
3D Woven Composites ◽  
Novel Method

scholarly journals Monotonic and cyclic short beam shear response of 3D woven composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (15) ◽  
pp. 2190-2197 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.R. Walter ◽  
G. Subhash ◽  
B.V. Sankar ◽  
C.F. Yen
Keyword(s):  
Woven Composites ◽  
Shear Response ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Beam Shear ◽  
3D Woven Composites

Mechanical properties of 3D-woven composites with guide sleeves

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571-1578
Author(s):  
Xiaochuan Wu ◽  
Zhongde Shan ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Yuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Woven Composite ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Beam Shear ◽  
3D Woven Composites ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
3D Composite

In this study, the preforms of 3D woven composite materials were made by a flexible oriented 3D composite woven process. The vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI) process was used to impregnate the preforms. The short-beam shear test, the compression test, and SEM were used to investigate the interlaminar shear performance and the compression behavior of the 3D woven composite with guide sleeves, and the effect of the guide sleeves on the above properties. It is indicated that the interlaminar shear behavior of 3D woven composites with guide sleeves showed the typical fracture characteristics of a pseudoplastic material. And the fracture modes of interlaminar shear mainly include interlaminar shear fracture and tensile fracture of fibers at the bottom. The interlaminar shear strength of materials increased with the diameter and interval of guide sleeves decreasing. Furthermore, the loss of in-plane compression properties of the materials brought by guide sleeves could be effectively avoided by reasonable control of the diameter and the volume fracture of guide sleeves.

scholarly journals Effect of Rot-, Fire-, and Water-Retardant Treatments on Jute Fiber and Their Associated Thermoplastic Composites: A Study by FTIR

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2571
Author(s):  
Sweety Shahinur ◽  
Mahbub Hasan ◽  
Qumrul Ahsan ◽  
Nayer Sultana ◽  
Zakaria Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Chemical Treatments

Natural renewable materials can play a big role in reducing the consumption of synthetic materials for environmental sustainability. Natural fiber-reinforced composites have attracted significant research and commercial importance due to their versatile characteristics and multi-dimensional applications. As the natural materials are easily rotten, flammable, and moisture absorbent, they require additional chemical modification for use in sustainable product development. In the present research, jute fibers were treated with rot-, fire-, and water-retardant chemicals and their corresponding polymer composites were fabricated using a compression molding technique. To identify the effects of the chemical treatments on the jute fiber and their polymeric composites, a Fourier transformed infrared radiation (FTIR) study was conducted and the results were analyzed. The presence of various chemicals in the post-treated fibers and the associated composites were identified through the FTIR analysis. The varying weight percentage of the chemicals used for treating the fibers affected the physio-mechanical properties of the fiber as well as their composites. From the FTIR analysis, it was concluded that crystallinity increased with the chemical concentration of the treatment which could be contributed to the improvement in their mechanical performance. This study provides valuable information for both academia and industry on the effect of various chemical treatments of the jute fiber for improved product development.

scholarly journals Open hole quasi-static and fatigue characterisation of 3D woven composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 765-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dai ◽  
P.R. Cunningham ◽  
S. Marshall ◽  
C. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Woven Composites ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
3D Woven Composites
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