Labour Productivity in UK Manufacturing in the 1970s and in the 1980s

1990 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 71-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Oulton
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Impact Effect

What accounts for the productivity improvement experienced in manufacturing since 1979? Answers to this question are sought from a regression analysis of 93 manufacturing industries over the period 1971-86. The main findings are that when other influences, such as raw material prices and the shock of the 1980-1 recession, are eliminated, there has been an improvement in the 1980s in the growth rate of productivity whose impact effect averaged 4 per cent per annum. Between a quarter and a half of this is attributable to a decline in the disadvantages of unionisation.

scholarly journals Services Sector in Lithuania: Labour Productivity as a Factor of Growth

Ekonomika ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Žemgulienė
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Empirical Regularities ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the tendencies of Lithuanian services sector’s value added and labour productivity during 1995-2006. Comparative analysis of the average annual labour productivity growth in manufacturing and service industries reveals arguments supporting the W. Baumol’s consideration that there can be sporadic productivity increases in nonprogressive sectors. During 1995-2000, labour productivity growth in services exceeded productivity growth in manufacturing. The paper offers an interpretation of the Verdoom law for empirical regularities of the relationship between the cross-sectorial labour productivity growth rate and the value added growth rate.

scholarly journals Growth rate of Acropora formosa coral fragments transplanted on different composition of faba kerbstone artificial reef

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruly Isfatul khasanah ◽  
ENDANG YULI HERAWATI ◽  
ANIK MARTINAH HARIATI ◽  
MOHAMMAD MAHMUDI ◽  
AIDA SARTIMBUL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
Acropora Formosa

Abstract. Khasanah RI, Herawati EY, Hariati AM, Mahmudi M, Sartimbul A, Wiadnya DGR, Asrial E, Yudatomo, Nabil R. 2019. Growth rate of Acropora formosa coral fragments transplanted on different compositions of faba kerbstone artificial reef. Biodiversitas 20: 3593-3598. A counter measure and an alternative technique to reduce coral reef destruction is through transplantation, which requires the relocation or cutting of a live coral, planted in a designated place containing damaged varieties. Faba kerbstone is a product innovation similar to paving block/brick, made from fly and bottom ash (FABA), which is the dominant waste product from PT Jawa Power, Probolinggo, Indonesia. In addition, it has also been widely utilized as a raw material in the creation of paving and concrete blocks, composed by harmless material, with a length, width, and height of 40, 25 and 15 cm, respectively. This study aims to observe the growth rate of Acropora formosa coral fragments transplanted on a faba kerbstone, using five different fly and bottom ash compositions: K1 = 0% Fa, K2 = 25% Fa and 75% Ba, K3 = 50% FA and 50% Ba, K4 = 75% Fa and 25% Ba, while K5 = 100% Fa and 0% Ba. Furthermore, the observations were conducted underwater, using scuba diving for six months, observing the parameters of fragment length, colony diameter, and branches number. In addition, the highest elongation rate of A. formosa coral fragments was identified at K2 (1.313 ± 0.447 cm/month), and K1 (1.185 ± 0.642 cm/month), while the most significant increment in colony diameter was observed in K2 (0.077 ± 0.060 cm/month) and K1 (0.063 ± 0.071 cm/month), and the largest number of branches was also found in K2 (29.50 or 4.28 branches/month) and K1 (25.25 or 3.67 branches/month). Furthermore, the one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (p = 0.05) showed was no significant difference in the fragments elongation and colony diameters in the K1 and K2 models, although there was substantial variation from the K3, K4, and K5.

scholarly journals In what direction is agricultural specialization headed in Central and Eastern Europe? (2005-2016)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Forgacs ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Input Side ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
Ranking Order ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Cattle Rearing

The paper deals with the main directions of specialization in Central and Eastern European Countries’ (CEECs, EU10) agriculture after the EU’s Eastward Enlargement. We analyse and compare growth and productivity advantages of specialized farm types by physical size (in hectare) in EU10 member-states to the EU10/27/15 average based on EUROSTAT data in the period of 2005-2016. We focus on exploring the main directions of specialization using such indicators as the number of specialized farms, land (Utilized Agricultural Area, UAA) and labour (Agricultural Working Unit, AWU) use on the input side, average farm size by land and labour use as well as area-, labour-, and total productivity on the output side. We conclude that the directions of specialization in farming in EU10 were based on the traditional farm production structure making the latter better able to adjust and take advantages of Common Agricultural Policy. Concerning production growth rate, the three leading specialization types of CEECs’ farms were: (i) cattle rearing and fattening, (ii) cereals, oilseed and protein crops and (iii) fruits and citrus fruits. These three specialization types of farms – in the same ranking order - also increased land (UAA) and labour (AWU) use well above the average. Specialized cereals farms and cattle rearing and fattening farms were also ranked in top three by number. Both cereals and fruits specialized farms have leading position in growth rate of land and labour use and also are in top three in growth rate of land area and total farm productivity. Cereals and fruits specialized farms also more than doubled labour productivity during the first decade after the EU’s Eastward enlargement but did not rank in the top three in this category.

scholarly journals Regression Analysis for the Identification of RAPD Markers Linked To Drought Tolerance in Sorghum

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Paramita Cahyaningrum ◽  
T. Taryono ◽  
Anto Rimbawanto
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Logistic Method

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) can actually withstand in dry or drought condition better than other crops,therefore it can be grown at different agroclimatic conditions and its product can be used for different purposessuch as food, feed and industrial raw material. However at severe condition, the productivity will also dropdrastically. The aim of this research was to identify RAPD marker linked to the drought tolerance. In thisresearch, varieties of sorghum used as research materials were Durra, Zhengzu, the mutants of Durra andZhengzu (from 300 Gy gamma radiation) B-100 and Zh-30, and the F2 seeds from Zh-30 x B-100 and B-100 xZh-30. Drought screening was carried out using 0.3 % KI during sorghum vegetative stage. DNA extractionwas done using a modified CTAB method. PCR was carried out for RAPD analysis. PCR amplification productswere scored and analyzed using SAS program. The result showed that potassium iodide can be used fordrought screening during the vegetative stage and regression analysis using the logistic method can be usedto identify RAPD markers that is linked to drought tolerance in sorghum. The logistic analysis showed thatband A8-480 was linked to drought tolerance in sorghum.

The Roles of Output Expectations and Liquidity in Explaining Recent Productivity Movements

1984 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Wren-Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Normal Behaviour ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
New Era ◽  
Upward Shift

The behaviour of labour productivity (output per head) in recent years has received considerable comment. Growth rates in manufacturing of 5.7 per cent and 6.0 per cent in 1982 and 1983 have been interpreted by some as heralding a new era in industrial relations and technological innovation. One systematic analysis identifies an upward shift in productivity in 1980, followed by more normal behaviour thereafter (see Mendis and Muellbauer (1983), and also the article by John Muellbauer in the Financial Times, 20 April 1983). The improvement has taken place in most manufacturing industries, and remains however carefully we try to measure labour's input into production (National Institute Economic Review, no. 106, pp. 42-46).

The questionnaire on productivity attributes (QPA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-872
Author(s):  
Raju Sheshrao Kamble ◽  
Lalit Narendra Wankhade
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Ordinal Data ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
General Measure ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trade Offs

PurposeAlthough there are many studies investigating attributes affecting productivity, the research into measurement of those attributes has been incomplete. In an attempt to bridge this gap, the authors reviewed the productivity literature, identified and integrated previously described attributes, and developed a measure to estimate those attributes. The developed questionnaire – questionnaire on productivity attributes (QPA) – is based on a five-dimensional conceptual framework, which consisted of human resource management, management strategy, organizational culture, production methodology, and performance. A model that measures a way to construct a linear scale from ordinal data has also been introduced. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachInitially, a pilot survey among Indian academic and industrial experts as well as employees working in manufacturing industries was conducted to optimize clarity, readability, and construction of the QPA. After pilot-testing, the 45 QPA items were further field surveyed amongst a representative sample of 311 Indian engineers, managers, and workers from manufacturing industries. One-way analysis of variance is performed to examine whether there are differences among engineers, managers, and workers in the understandability or applicability of QPA. Exploratory factor analysis is used to confirm the five-dimensional conceptual framework. Also, infit and outfit measures have been used to check the QPA model fit. To increase confidence, all retained items are tested for goodness-of-fit test. Finally, the functioning of optimal response categorization of the QPA is demonstrated in terms of frequencies, average measures, and standard error.FindingsA five-dimensional conceptual framework is identified. A generic short scale was constructed. Finally, the developed questionnaire provides new insights into how to avoid the trade-offs commonly observed in productivity research.Originality/valueThe newly designed QPA appears as a general measure for productivity attributes which can be used by scholars and practitioners to conduct basic research on productivity improvement in various industries.

scholarly journals Neo-industrialization of the economy in diffusion conditions socio-economic environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 06008
Author(s):  
Tetyana Calinescu ◽  
Ganna Likhonosova ◽  
Olena Zelenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Technological Modernization

Socio-economic achievements of Ukraine are currently characterized not only by positive but also by negative trends, such as the creation of political confrontations, provoking international conflicts and the emergence of military aggression. Therefore, there is a need to indicate the directions of development and competitiveness of the social and economic potential of Ukraine in the conditions of the established European integration tendencies. The authors discovered the patterns of emergence of the main risks of socio-economic development of the country, which threaten the free access to a large raw material base, which creates the possibility of reducing the stiffness of pressure on Ukrainian producers on the need to increase labour productivity and technological modernization. The authors conclude that integration aspirations in the world social and economic system in Ukraine should be complemented by facilitating cooperation within the country itself. The lack of national socio-economic development program, which basis on the formation of the platform for socio-economic potential, combined with the effect of synergy effects can lead to unpredictable destructive consequences. Therefore, further research of these processes will be connecting to the exposures of multi-disciplinary connections, to found same trends and to do its interpretation.

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