scholarly journals Bereavement in Times of COVID-19: A Review and Theoretical Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-522
Author(s):  
Margaret Stroebe ◽  
Henk Schut
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Expert Assessments

A review of the literature on adaptation to bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted to assess the current state of knowledge. Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies published during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. 44 articles were included in the review. Narrative synthesis showed that knowledge was largely based on expert assessments of prior bereavement research and professional experience; there is so far absence of empirical evidence linking features of COVID-19 bereavement situations to health outcomes. Severe negative consequences have been consistently predicted by authors. There is still relatively little consideration of positive or compensatory processes or the possibility that these could alleviate the effect of the shocking, traumatic circumstances. With two notable exceptions, there has been lack of attention to the role of theoretical models for guiding research and practice. A theoretical perspective (the Dual Process Model, DPM) was applied to the information derived from the available articles. Two features of the DPM framework illustrated its relevance: 1. It enables systematic assessment of the range of loss- and restoration-related challenges for the bereaved; 2. It speaks for extension of psychotherapeutic intervention to manage secondary, restoration- as well as primary, loss-oriented stressors; studies have demonstrated that this may increase the effectiveness of intervention. Directions for future research and DPM application are suggested.

Casual Sexual Relationships and Experiences in Emerging Adulthood

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Claxton ◽  
Manfred Van Dulmen
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Friends With Benefits ◽  
Longitudinal Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

Casual sexual relationships and experiences (CSREs) such as hookups, one-night stands, friends with benefits relationships, and booty calls have received increasing attention in the past decade. This review examines the role of CSREs during emerging adulthood, as well as similarities and differences among the different types of CSREs. The authors also examine the predictors and positive and negative consequences of engaging in CSREs. Although research in the area of CSREs has provided important information about the development and course of these relationships/experiences, future research should focus on exploring these relationships and experiences using an integrated theoretical perspective and longitudinal methods, in diverse, non-college samples.

The Role of Students, Educators, and Educational Institutes in Entrepreneurship Education: A Systematic Literature Review and Directions for Future Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 251512742097777
Author(s):  
Monika C. Schuhmacher ◽  
Hieu T. Thieu
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Current State ◽  
Internal Stakeholders

Based on previous reviews, we have a synthesized understanding of the how and what to teach in entrepreneurship education (EE). In contrast, we find fragmented and differing insights on the who in EE (i.e., the triad of internal stakeholders of students, educators and educational institutes hosting EE). Inspired by stakeholder theory, our study presents a systematic literature review on the role of stakeholder-related factors for effective EE. Specifically, based on 59 empirical articles published between 1995 and 2019, we provide an overview on the current state of literature on the role of stakeholder-related factors in EE research, synthesize findings, identify research gaps and develop a future research agenda as well as derive implications for the design and implementation of EE. In doing so, we provide a theoretical perspective to stimulate future research on stakeholder-related factors for EE to be effective.

The Advancement of Neuroimaging Research Investigating Developmental Stuttering

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deryk S. Beal
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Developmental Stuttering ◽  
The Brain ◽  
State Of The Field

We are amassing information about the role of the brain in speech production and the potential neural limitations that coincide with developmental stuttering at a fast rate. As such, it is difficult for many clinician-scientists who are interested in the neural correlates of stuttering to stay informed of the current state of the field. In this paper, I aim to inspire clinician-scientists to tackle hypothesis-driven research that is grounded in neurobiological theory. To this end, I will review the neuroanatomical structures, and their functions, which are implicated in speech production and then describe the relevant differences identified in these structures in people who stutter relative to their fluently speaking peers. I will conclude the paper with suggestions on directions of future research to facilitate the evolution of the field of neuroimaging of stuttering.

scholarly journals Being a Small State: Discussion on the Role of Size

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-91
Author(s):  
Justinas Lingevičius
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small States ◽  
Small State

This paper discusses theoretical debates regarding small states and their foreign policy and also argues that research should include more analysis of small states’ identities and the dominant meanings related to being a small state. Using poststructuralistic theoretical perspective and discourse analysis, two empirical cases – Lithuania and New Zealand – are analysed with attention paid to the meanings of smallness and the ways these meanings are constructed. Empirical analysis follows with suggestions for how future research of small states could be improved.

scholarly journals A closer look at intergroup threat within the dual process model framework: The mediating role of moral foundations

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márton Hadarics ◽  
Anna Kende
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Mediating Role

In our study we investigated how right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) are related to perceived intergroup threat, and also tested the potential mediating role of individualizing and binding moral foundations within this relationship pattern. According to our results, both RWA and SDO enhanced the perceived threat related to immigration. Furthermore, the effect of SDO was partly mediated by individualizing moral foundations, while the effect of RWA was partly mediated by both kinds of moral foundations. It seems that perceived intergroup threat, at least to some extent, is influenced by personal moral preferences that can be derived from individual dispositions and motivations.

Cultivating Learning Agility Through Mindfulness

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-203
Author(s):  
R. Andrew Lee
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Learning Agility ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Definition Of

“Cultivating Learning Agility Through Mindfulness Training: A Framework and Recommendations” reviews the research related to the role of mindfulness in enhancing learning agility and presents a model to guide future research and applications. It begins by presenting a definition of mindfulness as characterized by three qualities: a focus on present moment experience, an attitude of receptiveness and curiosity, and an emergent capacity for metacognition. It then outlines a process model for learning agility; the model consists of five factors: mindset, awareness, action, integration, and application. This model is then used as a framework to summarize the research linking mindfulness and learning agility. Finally, recommendations are presented for implementing mindfulness training to enhance learning agility.

Families and pain

2013 ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Birnie ◽  
Katelynn E. Boerner ◽  
Christine T. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pain Experiences

The family has long been acknowledged as an important social context where children learn about and receive support for their pain. When a child is in pain, it is the family who is responsible for the initial pain assessment and seeking appropriate evaluation and care. Families may inadvertently encourage the expression of pain and play a critical role in influencing their children’s ability to cope with pain, both positively and negatively. Having a child in pain can also pose significant personal, familial, and economic strains. Therefore, consideration of the family is absolutely critical in the understanding of factors involved in children’s acute and chronic pain experiences (McGrath, 2008). A concentration of research has continued since the last comprehensive review on the topic was published (Chambers, 2003). This chapter considers relevant theoretical models and summarizes current major research themes regarding the role of the family in both acute and chronic paediatric pain. Two illustrative case examples are provided and key areas for future research are identified.

The Rheology of Frozen Soils

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 12147-1-12147-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas U. Arenson ◽  
Sarah M. Springman ◽  
Dave C. Sego
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Rheological Behaviour ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Current State ◽  
Number Of Factors

Abstract The rheological behaviour of frozen soils depends on a number of factors and is complex. Stress and temperature histories as well as the actual composition of the frozen soil are only some aspects that have to be considered when analysing the mechanical response. Recent improvements in measuring methods for laboratory investigations as well as new theoretical models have assisted in developing an improved understanding of the thermo-mechanical processes at play within frozen soils and representation of their response to a range of perturbations. This review summarises earlier work and the current state of knowledge in the field of frozen soil research. Further, it presents basic concepts as well as current research gaps. Suggestions for future research in the field of frozen soil mechanics are also made. The goal of the review is to heighten awareness of the complexity of processes interacting within frozen soils and the need to understand this complexity when developing models for representing this behaviour.

The Nature and Treatment of Pain-Related Fear in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven De Peuter ◽  
Jeroen de Jong ◽  
Geert Crombez ◽  
Johan W. S. Vlaeyen
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Context Dependency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Explicit Attitudes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Exposure In Vivo

Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most frequently reported complaints in primary care. The last decade’s research has evidenced the important role of pain-related fear in the maintenance and exacerbation of chronic pain problems. In this article we review the current state of the art regarding the nature, development, and consequences of pain-related fear. We also discuss the implications for therapy, including mass media campaigns, education, exercise therapy, and exposure in vivo. Finally, we propose directions for future research, including the need to tailor treatments to individual patient characteristics, the role of interoceptive conditioning, implications of the context dependency of learning, and the consideration of implicit versus explicit attitudes toward feared painful stimuli.

scholarly journals The Dual Process Model of Coping with Bereavement: A Decade on

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Stroebe ◽  
Henk Schut
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Basic Parameters

The Dual Process Model of Coping with Bereavement (DPM; Stroebe & Schut, 1999) is described in this article. The rationale is given as to why this model was deemed necessary and how it was designed to overcome limitations of earlier models of adaptive coping with loss. Although building on earlier theoretical formulations, it contrasts with other models along a number of dimensions which are outlined. In addition to describing the basic parameters of the DPM, theoretical and empirical developments that have taken place since the original publication of the model are summarized. Guidelines for future research are given focusing on principles that should be followed to put the model to stringent empirical test.

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