Haemophilia, Blood Products and HIV Infection

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon D.O. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Clotting Factor ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Clotting Factor Concentrates

Between 1979 and 1984, many haemophiliacs in the UK were exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by transfusion of blood products, in particular clotting factor concentrates, especially those imported from the USA. In the UK 1025 haemophiliacs are HIV-antibody-positive, of whom 75 are in Scotland. Thirty-one UK haemophiliacs have developed the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), of whom 23 have died. The clinical progress of HIV infection appears similar in haemophiliacs and in other risk groups, except that Kaposi's sarcoma is rare. There is evidence that transfusion of blood products is immunosuppressive in the absence of HIV antibody. Blood donor selection and heat treatment of clotting factor concentrates were introduced from 1985, and so far these measures appear to have largely prevented new HIV infection in haemophiliacs. Meanwhile a tragic toll of iatrogenic disease and death continues to increase.

Azidothymidine (AZT) in the Treatment of Symptomatic HIV-1-Infected Hemophiliacs

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (01) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Eichinger ◽  
I Pabinger ◽  
H Hartl ◽  
C Stain ◽  
S Mayerhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Groups ◽  
Clotting Factor ◽  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Probability Of Survival ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Progression Of Disease ◽  
Bleeding Episodes ◽  
Clotting Factor Concentrates ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Hiv 1

SummaryTwenty-one immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV 1)-positive hemophilic patients were treated with Azidothymidine (AZT) for symptomatic HIV infection. The median observation period was 20.5 months.At 25 months the probability of survival was 82%, the probability of progression of disease from CDC III or IV C2 to IV C1 (AIDS) was 20% in patients on continuous AZT treatment and 50% in patients with intermption of treatment. Three patients developed severe leukopenia and 3 patients severe anemii during AZT treatment. In 1 patient a dose-dependent striking increase of transaminases during AZT treatment was observed. In 7 patients treatment was intermpted, in 1 patient because of anemia, in 1 because of pruritus and in 5 patients because of noncompliance.No signiticant changes in the consumption of clotting factor concentrates and number of bleeding episodes before and during AZT treatment were noted.We conclude, that both hematological and non-hematological side effects of AZT in HIV 1-infected hemophilic patientr ur. comparable to those seen in other risk groups . AzT does not increase the bleeding tendency in this patient group.

scholarly journals Human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients with leukemia

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1147-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
GY Minamoto ◽  
DA Scheinberg ◽  
K Dietz ◽  
JW Gold ◽  
N Chein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Abstract Eighteen human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients were found among 211 previously treated adult patients with a variety of leukemias who had been multiply transfused before April 1985. Patients known to be homosexual or intravenous drug users were excluded from this study. The spouse of one HIV-seropositive patient became HIV infected and subsequently developed the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Patients with leukemia who were multiply transfused before the availability of screening of blood products for HIV antibody should be counseled regarding their individual risks of HIV infection and the risk to sexual contacts.

scholarly journals Contribution of HIV Infection, AIDS, and Antiretroviral Therapy to Exocrine Pathogenesis in Salivary and Lacrimal Glands

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Nizamuddin ◽  
Peter Koulen ◽  
Carole McArthur
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Exocrine Function ◽  
Lacrimal Glands ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

The structure and function of exocrine glands are negatively affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its co-morbidities, including innate and adaptive immune responses. At the same time, exocrine function may also be influenced by pharmacotherapies directed at the infectious agents. Here, we briefly review the role of the salivary glands and lacrimal glands in normal physiology and exocrine pathogenesis within the context of HIV infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), including the contribution of antiretroviral therapies on both. Subsequently, we discuss the impact of HIV infection and the types of antiretroviral therapy on disease management and therapy development efforts.

scholarly journals Experimental oral polio vaccines and acquired immune deficiency syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (1410) ◽  
pp. 803-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Polio Vaccine ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Common ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Direct Ancestor

The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) of the common chimpanzee is widely acknowledged as the direct ancestor of HIV–1. There is increasing historical evidence that during the late 1950s, kidneys were routinely excised from central African chimpanzees by scientists who were collaborating with the polio vaccine research of Dr Hilary Koprowski, and sent – inter alia – to vaccine–making laboratories in the USA and Africa, and to unspecified destinations in Belgium. While there is no direct evidence that cells from these kidneys were used as a substrate for growing Dr Koprowski's oral polio vaccines, there is a startling coincidence between places in Africa where his CHAT vaccine was fed, and the first appearances in the world of HIV–1 group M and group–M–related AIDS. Because of the enormous implications of the hypothesis that AIDS may be an unintended iatrogenic (physician–caused) disease, it is almost inevitable that this theory will engender heated opposition from many of those in the scientific establishment, and those with vested interests.

HIV: A Chronic Condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Hiv Infection

By virtue of the success of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has evolved into a chronic disease in which the typical complications of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are no longer the dominant problem. Rather than dealing with acute and potentially life-threatening complications, clinicians are now confronted with managing a chronic disease that, in the absence of a cure, will persist for many decades.1 This review will focus on the longer term sequelae and consequences of chronic HIV infection.

CHARACTERIzATION of CD4 + T LYMPHOCYTE FROM BONE MAROW STEM CELL USING INDIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESENCE FOR HIV & AIDS TREATMENT

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Purwati Purwati ◽  
Nasronudin Nasronudin ◽  
Fedik Abdul Rantam
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Mononucleated Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). At the beginning of infection, gp120 virus interacts with CD4 receptor at the surface of the target cell. The interaction between gp120 and CD4 leads to the occurrence of the binding of specific chemokine receptor CXCR4 and CCR5, which are also present on the membrane of the target cell. Therefore, CCR5 and CXCR4 also determine the fate of the target cell. It is the performance of CCR5 and CXCR4, guided by controlling gene that determines susceptibility or resistance to HIV infection. Coding gene CCR5 may mutate to become protective or resistant against HIV infection. In homozygote individuals, it tends to be resistant against infection, while in heterozygote individuals it tends to be susceptible to HIV infection. Objective: To characterize TCD4 lymphocyte in the next that is resistant against HIV infection by using gene therapy deletion 32 CCR5 to use for HIV & AIDS treatment. Method: Sample collection, mononucleated cell collection, lymphocyte culture, CD4 identification, CCR5 variance analysis, co-cultivation with PBMC HIV and comparison to control. Result: This study was performed in several steps, such as mononucleated cell isolation, followed with cell culture, lymphocyte purification, lymphocyte and CD4 expression identification. Conclusion: Lymphocyte T CD4 had been mature after seven passages, once passage is about 5 days so for maturity lymphocyte T CD4 need 35 days and that cell as be candidate to resistant against HIV infection by using gene therapy deletion 32 CCR5 to use for HIV & AIDS treatment.

scholarly journals Medical and Islamic Perspectives on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and its Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah F ◽  
Hashi AA ◽  
Said AH ◽  
Mat Nor MB
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is one of the world’s most serious health and nation-state destructions. It creates long-term economic and psychosocial impact on the lives of individuals, families and communities. Since the first reported case of HIV/AIDS in Malaysia in 1986, its prevalence has escalated significantly. As of December 2017, there are over 115,263 reported cases of HIV infections in the country and over 40,000 people died from HIV/AIDS.1 Although many religious people regarded HIV infection as a divine punishment for their sins of sexual promiscuity, Islamic teaching emphasises the prevention of the disease and care for people living with HIV or AIDS. It is imperative to discuss the Islamic perspectives in providing ways to prevent the spread of HIV and support to people living with HIV (PLHIV). This article focuses on epidemiological data; highlight the burden of HIV infection/AIDS in Malaysia and its impact on the society, HIV infection from medical perspective and its preventive measures from Islamic viewpoints. A good teamwork among healthcare providers and religious leaders is compulsory as it may improve the preventive strategies to curb the disease in the country.

Neurologic conditions affecting the lower extremities in HIV infection

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 352-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
WS Gilmer
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Unsteady Gait ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

The vast majority of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have symptoms or signs involving the feet and lower extremities. Patients presenting to podiatrists with foot complaints may, in fact, have neurologic complications of HIV originating in any level of the neuraxis, and multiple levels may be involved. These include multiple classes of peripheral neuropathy and myopathy, inflammatory radiculopathy, myelopathy, and central nervous system lesions caused by direct HIV infection or opportunistic infections. Common complaints such as pain, numbness, burning, tingling, weakness, cramps, unsteady gait, and others should be systematically evaluated with both podiatric and neurologic etiologies in mind for early diagnosis and intervention.

scholarly journals The psychiatry of HIV infection

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
José Catalan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Geographical Pattern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Global Nature ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv 1

In 1981 the condition that was later to be known as the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was described, and in 1983 its causative agent, the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), was isolated. The past 15 years have led to a growing awareness of the global nature of the epidemic and, in parallel with it, to the recognition of its medical, socioeconomic and psychological consequences. In the UK, almost 12 000 AIDS cases have been reported since 1982, and more than 25 000 cases of HIV-1 infection have been identified since 1984. Most cases of AIDS and HIV-1 have been in the Thames Regions, and it is expected that this geographical pattern will continue until the end of the decade.

scholarly journals Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Associated with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Anand Kumar ◽  
Jean Wang ◽  
David Sutton ◽  
Eric J Bow
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

A bisexual male presented with acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in association with established acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The patient had classic clinical and laboratory findings of TTP and responded well to plasmapheresis therapy. Previously reported cases of TTP in association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are briefly reviewed. Basic concepts in the pathogenesis of TTP are examined in reference to HIV infection.

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