Voices That Matter: Chief Administrative Officers’ Role in the Student Discipline Gap

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ani N. Shabazian
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Student Discipline ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Discipline Gap ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Systems Mapping

This study explores how community socioeconomic status (SES), geographical location, and administrator perspectives influence the implementation of exclusionary disciplinary policies. Using Geographical Information Systems mapping technology, in-depth interviewing, and document analysis, this study finds that schools located in high SES sectors have higher rates of exclusionary disciplinary practices, whereas schools located in low SES sectors have lower levels. The findings also indicate five normative values that influence leadership’s decisions to exclude students more frequently. These guiding belief systems include productive efficiency, equality versus equity, the potential of legal liability, prescribing to a cultural deficit ideology, and the notion of strict surveillance.

scholarly journals A Geospatial database of gastric cancer patients and associated potential risk factors including lifestyle and air pollution

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Hashemi Amin ◽  
Mahtab Ghaemi ◽  
Sayyed Mostafa Mostafavi ◽  
Ladan Goshayeshi ◽  
Khadijeh Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Point Feature

Abstract Objectives Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial disease and the fifth most frequent diagnosed cancer worldwide. It accounts for one third of cancer-related mortalities. Geospatial analysis using geographical information systems (GIS) can provide an efficient solution to identify spatial disparities associated with GC. As such, GIS enables policymakers to control cancer in a better way and identify the regions where interventions are needed. This study aims to publish a comprehensive dataset, which was applied to conduct a spatial analysis of GC patients in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Data description We provide a personal geodatabase, a Microsoft Access database that can store, query, and manage both spatial and non-spatial data, which contains four feature classes. “Male_Stomach_Cancer_Patients” and “Female_Stomach_Cancer_Patients” are point feature classes, which show the age and geographical location of 1156 GC cancer patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2017. “Air_Polution_Mashhad” is another point feature class that reveals the amount of six air pollutants, which was taken from Mashhad Environmental Pollutants Monitoring Center between 2017 and 2018. Finally, “Stomach_Cancer_and_Risk_Factors” is a polygon feature class of neighborhood division of Mashhad, consisting of contributor risk factors including dietary habits, smoking, alcohol use, body mass index and population by age groups for all 165 city neighborhoods.

scholarly journals SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS WILAYAH RAWAN BANJIR DI KOTA PEKANBARU

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Luluk Elvitaria Elvitaria ◽  
Miftahul Khasani
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Rain Intensity ◽  
The City ◽  
Term Rain ◽  
Flood Prone Areas

Based on the geographical location of Pekanbaru City is one of the areas included in flood-prone areas, even said that the city of Pekanbaru is included in the red zone related to flooding, seeing from the majority of the existing area is the rawah and river banks. The National Flood Mitigation Agency (BNPB) noted that the city of Pekanbaru is one of the flood-prone cities on the island of Sumatra. In addition to determining flood-prone areas for the Regional BPBD Office in Pekanbaru City, the community also wants to know the location that often floods and determine the long-term rain intensity capacity that will cause flooding, so that it does not hinder the daily activities. To deal with this problem, a Geographical Information System needs to be developed that can determine areas that often occur in natural flooding. Geographical information systems are expected to be able to assist the BPBD Office in managing flood data that has occurred in the city of Pekanbaru, and help provide information about floods that are needed by the community to anticipate further flood events.  

scholarly journals Application of geographical information systems for the optimal location of a commercial network

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Rodríguez ◽  
Cristina Olarte-Pascual ◽  
Manuela Saco
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Competition ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Commercial Network

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the optimization of the geographical location of a network of points of sale, so that each retailer can have access to a potential geographic market. In addition, the authors study the importance of the distance variable in the commercial viability of a point of sale and a network of points of sale, analysing if the best location for each point (local optimum) is always the best location for the whole (global optimum). Design/methodology/approach Location-allocation models are applied using p-median algorithms and spatial competition maximization to analyse the actual journeys of 64,740 car buyers in 1240 postal codes using a geographic information system (GIS) and geomarketing techniques. Findings The models show that the pursuit of individual objectives by each concessionaire over the collective provides poorer results for the whole network of points of sale when compared to coordinated competition. The solutions provided by the models considering geographic and marketing criteria permit a reduction in the length of journeys made by the buyers. GIS allows the optimal control of market demand coverage through the collaborative strategies of the supplying retailers, in this case, car dealerships. Originality/value The paper contributes to the joint research of geography and marketing from a theoretical and practical point of view. The main contribution is the use of information on actual buyer journeys for the optimal location of a network of points of sale. This research also contributes to the analysis of the correlation between the optimum local and optimum global locations of a commercial network and is a pioneering work in the application of these models to the automotive sector in the territorial area of the study.

scholarly journals Employment of Mapping Technology in Antimicrobial Resistance Reporting in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah A. Alhifany ◽  
Abdullah F. Alqurashi ◽  
Mohamed H. Al-Agamy ◽  
Nasser Alkhushaym ◽  
Faten Alhomoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Mapping Technology

Although Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a worldwide threat, local AMR databases do not exist. Unlike other health disasters, developing containment strategies for AMR cannot be started without a representative, local, updated AMR data. However, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) mapping technology is capable of visualizing AMR data integrated with geographical regions. Due to the absence of AMR databases in Saudi Arabia, we searched Medline and Embase databases from inception until May 28, 2018, including literature that reported AMR data on the most prevalent gram-negative bacterial strains in Saudi Arabia. These data were extracted into Microsoft Excel file and inserted into STATA software, version 13 and ArcMap 10.6 software platform for mapping. We found particularly high levels of AMR in Makkah (Mecca), possibly due to high antibiotic consumption because of the influx of pilgrims, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates showing the highest resistance rate against amikacin, aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprolfloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem and pipracillin/tazobactam, and Enterobacteriaceae isolates against cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, imipenem and ertapenem. The cause is, however, multifactorial since Acinetobacter baumannii isolates showed a variable resistance rate throughout the country. The employment of mapping technology in displaying AMR data extracted from published literature is a practically useful approach, and advanced GIS analyses should help stakeholders create containment strategies and allocate resources to slow down the emergence of AMR.

Analysis of dynamic changes in the urbanization of Xixian National New Area and its driving forces

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1181-1189
Author(s):  
Yue Chang ◽  
Kang Hou ◽  
Xuxiang Li ◽  
Yue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Location Factors ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Construction Land

This study analysed the dynamic changes and driving forces in the urbanization from 1997 to 2016 of Xixian, a national new development area in Xi’an City, by using geographical information systems and remote sensing. The results showed that farmland was the main land use type from 1997 to 2004. However, the construction land occupied the largest area from 2011 to 2016. There was a significant expansion in the construction land area (33.24%), unused land (91.10%) and woodland (37.59%) from 1997 to 2016. In addition, in the period from 1997 to 2016, the water body, grassland and farmland were reduced by 52.52%, 31.73% and 23.84%, respectively. The increasing area of construction land was the inevitable result of urbanization. The terrain, policy and geographical location factors are the main driving forces for changes in the land use and urbanization. The planning of Xixian National New Area’s building environment should be linked and connected with the Xi’an main districts. The findings confirmed the applicability and effectiveness of the combined method of geographical information systems and remote sensing for revealing the notable spatio-temporal features in the dynamic changes in the land use and land cover throughout different time periods of Xixian.

A Computational Approach for the Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability Based on the National Data Infrastructure

2008 ◽  
Vol 33-37 ◽  
pp. 789-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Maria Atanasiu ◽  
Florin Leon ◽  
Bogdan F. Popa ◽  
Cornel Doniga
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Natural Catastrophes ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Systems Mapping

This paper deals with the monitoring and assessment of structural performance of reinforced concrete residential buildings damaged during the lifetime by several important natural disasters such as earthquakes. The problem belongs to the risk management of built environment areas subjected to various natural catastrophes. In our work, we present a methodology based on modeling, simulation and nonlinear analysis applied on two classes of existing buildings located in the damaged infrastructure of earthquake sensitive cities. The decisions for risk mitigation taking into account the real seismic vulnerability of structures are based on GIS (Geographical Information Systems) mapping, and application of some artificial intelligence techniques. Finally, our paper discusses a new methodology for awareness and mitigation of seismic effects in case of future events in dense urban areas based on a case study for Iasi city, Romania.

Mapping the Way of St. James

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-32
Author(s):  
Sean T. Perrone ◽  
Carol Traynor
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Santiago De Compostela ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
New Research ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Every year, more historians and scholars in related humanities disciplines are using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and mapping technology in their research. The field of spatial history/spatial humanities is growing. Yet, many scholars are still unaware of the potential of using mapping technology to interpret the past and further their academic research. Mapping helps us to see the movement of people and ideas over time and thereby raises new research questions. This article seeks to introduce readers to the field of spatial history and to illustrate the potential of GIS by examining the medieval pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. In particular, the article uses spatial analysis to add further evidence that Aimeric Picaud, the author of the twelfth-century Pilgrim’s Guide to Santiago de Compostela, likely did not make the trip as described in his text.

Assessment of land-use change in coastal areas through geographical information systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Karla Teresa González-Figueroa ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Jesús Montoya-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Computer Based

Objective: This article describes and analyzes the main concepts of coastal ecosystems, these as a result of research concerning land-use change assessments in coastal areas. Design/Methodology/Approach: Scientific articles were searched using keywords in English and Spanish. Articles regarding land-use change assessment in coastal areas were selected, discarding those that although being on coastal zones and geographic and soil identification did not use Geographic Information System (GIS). Results: A GIS is a computer-based tool for evaluating the land-use change in coastal areas by quantifying variations. It is analyzed through GIS and its contributions; highlighting its importance and constant monitoring. Limitations of the study/Implications: This research analyzes national and international scientific information, published from 2007 to 2019, regarding the land-use change in coastal areas quantified with the digital GIS tool. Findings/Conclusions: GIS are useful tools in the identification and quantitative evaluation of changes in land-use in coastal ecosystems; which require constant evaluation due to their high dynamism.

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