scholarly journals The Impact of Social Desirability Pressures on Whites’ Endorsement of Racial Stereotypes: A Comparison Between Oral and ACASI Reports in a National Survey

2019 ◽  
pp. 004912411987595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias H. Stark ◽  
Floor M. van Maaren ◽  
Jon A. Krosnick ◽  
Gaurav Sood
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Racial Stereotypes ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
National Election Study ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Survey Interviews ◽  
Audio Computer ◽  
The Impact

In the last 60 years, the proportion of white Americans expressing anti-black prejudice in face-to-face survey interviews has declined dramatically. To test whether social desirability pressures affect the expression of anti-black prejudice, we analyzed a within-subjects experiment in the 2008 American National Election Study in which white respondents first reported their endorsement of stereotypes of blacks confidentially via audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI) and weeks or months later orally during second interviews. Shifting to ACASI led to a small but significant increase in negative views of blacks. Unexpectedly, shifting to ACASI also led to a similarly large increase in negative views of whites. Furthermore, the ACASI reports had no more predictive validity than did the oral reports. This evidence suggests that social desirability pressures do not seriously compromise oral reports of racial stereotypes in face-to-face interviews.

The Carryover Effects of Preceding Interviewer–Respondent Interaction on Responses in Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanyu Sun ◽  
Frederick G Conrad ◽  
Frauke Kreuter
Keyword(s):  
Social Presence ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Carryover Effects ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
The Face ◽  
Audio Computer ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI) has been widely used to collect sensitive information from respondents in face-to-face interviews. Interviewers ask questions that are not sensitive or only moderately sensitive and then allow respondents to self-administer more sensitive questions, listening to audio recordings of the questions and typically entering their responses directly into the same device that the interviewer has used. According to the conventional thinking, ACASI is taken as independent of the face-to-face interaction that almost always precedes it. Presumably as a result of this presumed independence, the respondents’ prior interaction with the interviewer is rarely considered when assessing the quality of ACASI responses. There is no body of existing research that has experimentally investigated how the preceding interviewer–respondent interaction may create sufficient social presence to affect responses in the subsequent ACASI module. The study reported here, a laboratory experiment with eight professional interviewers and 125 respondents, explores the carryover effects of preceding interactions between interviewer and respondent on responses in the subsequent ACASI. We evaluated the impact of the similarity of the live and recorded interviewer’s voice for each respondent as well as respondents’ rapport with interviewers in the preceding interview. We did not find significant main effects of vocal similarity on disclosure in ACASI. However, we found significant interaction effects between vocal similarity and respondents’ rapport ratings in the preceding interview on disclosure in ACASI. When the ACASI voice was similar to the interviewer’s voice in the preceding interaction, respondent-rated rapport led to more disclosure but, when the ACASI voice is clearly different from the interviewer’s voice, respondent-rated rapport in the prior interaction did not affect disclosure.

scholarly journals Completing Self-administered Questionnaires: Hmong Older Adults and Their Family Helpers

Field Methods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-273
Author(s):  
Maichou Lor ◽  
Nora Cate Schaeffer ◽  
Roger L. Brown ◽  
Barbara J. Bowers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Interview Instrument ◽  
Audio Computer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Answering Questions

This study describes a method for collecting data from nonliterate, non-English-speaking populations. Our audio computer-assisted self-interview instrument with color-labeled response categories was designed for use with helper assistance. The study included 30 dyads of nonliterate older Hmong respondents and family helpers answering questions about health. Analysis of video recordings identified respondents’ problems and helpers’ strategies to address these problems. Seven dyads displayed the paradigmatic question–answer sequence for all items, while 23 departed from the paradigmatic sequence at least once. Reports and pauses were the most common signs of problems displayed by respondents. Paraphrasing questions or response categories and providing examples were the most common helper strategies. Future research could assess the impact of helpers’ strategies on data quality.

THE CONCEPT OF TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTED FACE-TO-FACE COLLABORATIVE LEARNING VIA DIGITAL INTERACTIVE AUDIO CAPTURING TOOL

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahim Hj Salam ◽  
Faizal Yamimi Mustaffa ◽  
Tina Abdullah ◽  
Md. Sah Hj Salam
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Knowledge Building ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
English As Second Language ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Teacher Trainees ◽  
Integrated Classroom ◽  
Qualitative Data Analysis Software ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge

This paper shares the researcher’s experience in employing the technology supported face-to-face collaborative learning. In achieving this, a digital interactive audio capturing tool (DIACT) was used to digitally capture the interactive event of collaborative learning among English as second language (ESL) teacher trainees in a “Computer Integrated Classroom” (CiC) environment. Having merely online learning of computer support which ignores the elements of face-to-face (F2F), the impact of “collaboration” seems seriously lacking. With the emergence of DIACT in a CiC environment, the researcher attempts to see how those co-located ESL teacher trainees manage to effectively communicate face-to-face and collaborate among themselves to build knowledge. The interaction was captured and transferred to computer assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) to be analyzed for evidence of impactful knowledge building. Findings indicated that the use of DIACT in a F2F CiC environment has significantly helped students in collaborative knowledge building.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviews to Face-to-Face Interviews of Sexual Behavior Among Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis Dolezal ◽  
Stephanie L. Marhefka ◽  
E. Karina Santamaria ◽  
Cheng-Shiun Leu ◽  
Elizabeth Brackis-Cott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Audio Computer

scholarly journals The Advantages and Disadvantages of Online and Blended Therapy: Survey Study Amongst Licensed Psychotherapists in Austria (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Schuster ◽  
Raffaela Pokorny ◽  
Thomas Berger ◽  
Naira Topooco ◽  
Anton-Rupert Laireiter
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Web-based and blended (face-to-face plus Web-based) interventions for mental health disorders are gaining significance. However, many licensed psychotherapists still have guarded attitudes toward computer-assisted therapy, hindering dissemination efforts. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to provide a therapist-oriented evaluation of Web-based and blended therapies and identify commonalities and differences in attitudes toward both formats. Furthermore, it aimed to test the impact of an information clip on expressed attitudes. METHODS In total, 95 Austrian psychotherapists were contacted and surveyed via their listed occupational email address. An 8-minute information video was shown to half of the therapists before 19 advantages and 13 disadvantages had to be rated on a 6-point Likert scale. RESULTS The sample resembled all assessed properties of Austrian psychotherapists (age, theoretical orientation, and region). Therapists did not hold a uniform overall preference. Instead, perceived advantages of both interventions were rated as neutral (t94=1.89, P=.06; d=0.11), whereas Web-based interventions were associated with more disadvantages and risks (t94=9.86, P<.001; d=0.81). The information clip did not excerpt any detectable effect on therapists’ attitudes (r95=−.109, P=.30). The application of modern technologies in the own therapeutic practice and cognitive behavioral orientation were positively related to the given ratings. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to directly compare therapists’ attitudes toward Web-based and blended therapies. Positive attitudes play a pivotal role in the dissemination of new technologies, but unexperienced therapists seem to lack knowledge on how to benefit from technology-aided treatments. To speed up implementation, these aspects need to be addressed in the development of new interventions. Furthermore, the preference of blended treatments over Web-based interventions seems to relate to avoidance of risks. Although this study is likely to represent therapists’ attitudes in countries with less advanced electronic health services, therapists’ attitudes in more advanced countries might present differently.

scholarly journals Interviewing adolescent girls about sexual and reproductive health: a qualitative study exploring how best to ask questions in structured follow-up interviews in a randomized controlled trial in Zambia

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Isaksen ◽  
Ingvild Sandøy ◽  
Joseph Zulu ◽  
Andrea Melberg ◽  
Sheena Kabombwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Research Assistants

Abstract Background Numerous studies have documented inconsistent reporting of sexual behaviour by adolescents. The validity and reliability of self-reported data on issues considered sensitive, incriminating or embarrassing, is prone to social-desirability bias. Some studies have found that Audio Computer-Assisted Self Interviewing (ACASI) that removes the personal interaction involved in face-to-face interviews, decreases item non-response and increases reporting of sensitive behaviours, but others have found inconsistent or contradictory results. To reduce social desirability bias in the reporting of sensitive behaviours, face-to-face interviews were combined with ACASI in a cluster randomized trial involving adolescents in Zambia. Methods To explore adolescent girls’ experiences and opinions of being interviewed about sexual and reproductive health, we combined Focus Group Discussions with girl participants and individual semi-structured interviews with teachers. This study was done after the participants had been interviewed for the 6th time since recruitment. Young, female research assistants who had conducted interviews for the trial were also interviewed for this study. Results Respondents explained often feeling shy, embarrassed or uncomfortable when asked questions about sex, pregnancy and abortion face-to-face. Questions on sexual activity elicited feelings of shame, and teachers, research assistants and girls alike noted that direct questions about sexual activities limit what the participant girls may be willing to share. Responding to more indirect questions in relation to the context of a romantic relationship was slightly easier. Efforts by interviewers to signal that they did not judge the participants for their behavior and increased familiarity with the interviewer reduced discomfort over time. Although some appreciated the opportunity to respond to questions on their own, the privacy offered by ACASI also provided an opportunity to give false answers. Answering on tablets could be challenging, but participants were reluctant to ask for assistance for fear of being judged as not conversant with technology. Conclusion Strategies to avoid using overly direct language and descriptive words, asking questions within the context of a romantic relationship and a focus on establishing familiarity and trust can reduce reporting bias. For the use of ACASI, considerations must be given to the context and characteristics of the study population.

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