Evaluation of Body Shape, Eating Disorders and Weight Management Related Parameters in Black Female Students of Rural and Urban Origins

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjanne Senekal ◽  
Nelia Patricia Steyn ◽  
Teresa-Ann B Mashego ◽  
Johanna Helena Nel
Keyword(s):  
Weight Management ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Black Female ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Eat 26

This study examined body shape dissatisfaction, eating disorder and weight management-related parameters as well as assimilation of Western cultural norms regarding body shape in black female students of urban and rural origins. Subjects (n=180; 20 ± 4,4 years old) were weighed, their height was measured and they completed the Body Shape Questionnaire, EAT-26, Eating Inventory (restraint scale), Adolescent Self-Concept Scale and a questionnaire concerning weight management behaviours. Main findings include lower prevalences of overestimation of body weight and body shape dissatisfaction, similar prevalences for dieting and the use of Hazardous weight reduction methods, and higher prevalences for overweight, obesity, disordered eating attitudes and behaviours, and dietary restraint among subjects than among similar white groups. Furthermore, those with urban origins were more likely to be restrained eaters, to have attempted weight reduction, to aim for weight loss and to fear weight gain. These data indicate that there are signs of more realism concerning weight status among black female students. However, there are also signs of assimilation of Western cultural norms concerning body shape, eating attitudes and behaviours and weight management. This diversity in the black student population in South Africa needs to be recognized when planning interventions to address eating related problems.

scholarly journals Risk factors and the prevalence of anorexia nervosa among female students in Serbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Lazarevic ◽  
Borjanka Batinic ◽  
Tatjana Vukosavljevic-Gvozden
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

Background/Aim. The widespread symptoms of anorexia nervosa (AN) in young women require to draw professional attention to this problem in Serbia. In previous research on AN, insecure attachment styles, perfectionism and concerns about body shape were identified as notable risk factors. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of AN among female students and assess the importance of these factors in its development. Methods. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40), the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR), the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) were applied to a sample of 500 randomly selected female students of the University of Belgrade, the mean age of 22.44 years (min 18, max 35). In addition, Body Mass Index (BMI) was also calculated. Results. Although 38 (7.6%) female students displayed symptoms of AN (EAT > 30) and 13 (2.6%) had BMI indicating anorexia nervosa syndrome (BMI ? 17.50 kg/m2), only 1 (0.2%) student fulfilled both criteria. The majority of female students (60.4%) had some type of insecure attachment style. There is a significant influence of attachment styles on symptoms of AN: female students with insecure attachment styles have a significantly higher mean score on the EAT compared to those with secure attachment style (F = 7.873; p < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between scores on the EAT and FMPS (r = 0.217; p < 0.01), and scores on the EAT and BSQ (r = 0.388; p < 0.01). Conclusions. The obtained results show the prevalence of AN of 0.2% among female students and indicate the importance of insecure attachment styles, perfectionism and concern about body shape as risk factors. Activities for the prevention of AN in this subpopulation should include internet-based therapy and special counseling services with specific programs focusing on emotion-regulation skills through mindfulness, acceptance and commitment techniques, as well as specific cognitive-behavioral techniques.

scholarly journals Inappropriate eating behavior: a longitudinal study with female adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Sousa Fortes ◽  
Sebastiao de Sousa Almeida ◽  
Flavia Marcele Cipriani ◽  
Maria Elisa C. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
One Year ◽  
Eat 26

Objective: To evaluate the inappropriate eating behaviors (IEB) of female adolescents over a one-year period. Methods: 290 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years old participated in the three research stages (T1: first four months, T2: second four months and T3: third four months). The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was applied to assess the IEB. Weight and height were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI) in the three study periods. Analysis of variance for repeated measures was used to analyze the data, adjusted for the scores of the Body Shape Questionnaire and the Brazil Economic Classification Criteria. Results: Girls at T1 showed a higher frequency of IEB compared to T2 (p=0.001) and T3 (p=0.001). The findings also indicated higher values for BMI in T3 in relation to T1 (p=0.04). The other comparisons did not show statistically significant differences. Conclusions: IEB scores of female adolescents declined over one year.

scholarly journals The association between the body mass index of first-year female university students and their weight-related perceptions and practices, psychological health, physical activity and other physical health indicators

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janetta Cilliers ◽  
Marjanne Senekal ◽  
Ernesta Kunneke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
First Year ◽  
Eat 26

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between the weight status of first–year female students (FYFS) and various weight management–related characteristics to identify possible components of a weight management programme for students.DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingFemale residences at a South African university.SubjectsA total of 360 FYFS.ResultsMean (± standard deviation (SD)) body mass index (BMI) of the FYFS was 21.8 ± 2.6 kg m−2, with 7.2% being underweight, 81.9% normal‐weight, 10.0% overweight and 0.8% obese. Underweight, normal–eight and overweight students differed with regard to their perception of their weight (P < 0.001), weight goals (P < 0.001) and previous weight–loss practices (P < 0.001). Mean ± SD score on the 26-item Eating Attitudes Test (EAT–26) was 8.5 ± 9.0 with 8.4% classified as high scorers. Mean ± SD score on the 34-item Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) was 87.7 ± 32.2, with 76.1% classified as low, 11.9% as medium and 11.9% as high scorers. The self-concept questionnaire indicated that 36.7% had a high, 43.9% a medium and 19.4% a low self-concept. Higher BMI correlated with a higher BSQ score (P < 0.001), a lower self-concept (P = 0.029) and a higher EAT-26 score (P < 0.001). Smoking was prevalent amongst 13.1% of students, and 51.2% used vitamin and/or mineral supplements. Students who quitted smoking had higher (P = 0.006) BMI (22.7 ± 2.9 kg m-2) than those who never smoked before (21.6 ± 2.5 kg m−2). Normal-weight students were more physically active than underweight or overweight students (P = 0.038).ConclusionsThe specific weight management-related needs of FYFS include information about supplement use, smoking, realistic weight goals, safe and sound weight-loss methods, weight cycling, body-shape perceptions, eating attitudes and behaviours, self-concept and physical activity. Interventions aimed at correcting these problems should target all students, regardless of their BMI.

scholarly journals Body composition as indicator of eating disorders in female students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Olivera Pilipović-Spasojević ◽  
Nenad Ponorac ◽  
Mira Spremo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Eat 26

Introduction. The transition to university education as a stressful period and the need to be likeable where physical appearance is concerned can be a trigger for a change in attitudes towards eating patterns. Body composition is an essential component of nutritional status and the most common parameter used as an indicator of physical appearance. An unobtrusive onset of eating disorder can easily lead to a preoccupation with eating and body weight. The aim of the paper is to determine whether the parameters of body composition can qualitatively detect respondents with eating disorders. Methods. The epidemiological observational and analytical study included a representative sample comprised of 408 healthy female students, aged 19-22 years. A short socio-demographic questionnaire, a standardized questionnaire for assessment of eating disorders-Eating Attitudes Test-26 were used in the study while Omron BF 510 was used for anthropometric measurements of body weight and BMI. Results. The sample consisted of female students: agedmean = 20.5 years, with average height 168.65 cm (SD = 6.01), body weight 63.09 kg (SD = 9.9) and BMI 22.1 (SD = 3.2). According to EAT-26 (Mean = 13.24 and SD = 7.97), 16.7% of respondents with risk factors for eating disorders were detected. Conclusion. The maximum value of the Youden index of 0.24 ROC analysis confirms that the body composition parameters are not reliable indicators of eating disorders and EAT-26 is not reliable and acceptable as an independent test for assessing risk factors by means of considering different attitudes and deviant eating behaviors. Therefore, in order to achieve detection, monitoring, and perform preventive action, it is necessary to conduct regular systematic examinations among the student population.

scholarly journals Estudo sobre a anorexia e bulimia nervosa em universitárias

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Aigner de Souza ◽  
José Carlos Souza ◽  
Ester Shiori Hirai ◽  
Helena de Almeida Luciano ◽  
Neomar Souza
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Eat 26

Detectar as prevalências indicativas de Anorexia e Bulimia em estudantes universitárias, considerando estado civil, curso, IMC, depressão e atividade física. Aplicaram-se em 352 alunas o Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) e o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). O curso de nutrição apresentou maior prevalência positiva de Anorexia (20,2%), as pessoas com depressão (23,2%) e praticantes de atividade física (19,2%). A Terapia Ocupacional e não praticantes apresentaram maior prevalência negativa. Quanto à Bulimia, as pessoas obesas (35,7%) e com sobre peso (21,1%) apresentaram preocupação grave com a imagem corporal; as pessoas abaixo do peso não apresentaram (93,8%). O curso de nutrição apresentou maior prevalência indicativa de Anorexia; e pessoas com depressão tendem a resultados piores nos dois instrumentos.

scholarly journals Influência do estado nutricional no risco para transtornos alimentares em estudantes de nutrição

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 3399-3406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janiara David Silva ◽  
Amanda Bertolini de Jesus Silva ◽  
Aihancreson Vaz Kirchoff de Oliveira ◽  
Aline Silva de Aguiar Nemer
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Eat 26

Avaliar a relação entre a alteração do comportamento alimentar, associado à insatisfação com a imagem corporal, e o estado nutricional de universitárias de Nutrição. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 175 universitárias do Curso de Nutrição (ENUT/UFOP). Foram aplicados os questionários Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) e o Body Shape Questionare (BSQ) e realizadas medidas antropométricas. 21,7% das estudantes apresentaram alto risco para transtornos alimentares e 13,7% apresentaram insatisfação com a imagem corporal. A maioria das estudantes com BSQ e EAT-26 positivos estava eutrófica. As estudantes com excesso de peso, aumento do percentual de gordura corporal (% GC) e do perímetro da cintura (PC) apresentaram risco 5 a 9 vezes maiores de alteração do comportamento alimentar. Houve associação positiva entre os parâmetros antropométricos com a pontuação dos questionários EAT-26 e BSQ. Futuras nutricionistas com excesso de peso apresentaram maior risco de estarem insatisfeitas com a sua imagem corporal e de desenvolverem transtornos alimentares. A utilização de outros parâmetros antropométricos, além do IMC, pode ser útil na triagem de indivíduos suscetíveis ao surgimento de preocupações excessivas com o peso corporal e a alimentação.

scholarly journals Efeitos de variáveis psicológicas, morfológicas e sociodemográficas sobre o comportamento alimentar de adolescentes

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Sousa Fortes ◽  
Ana Carolina S. Amaral ◽  
Sebastião de Sousa Almeida ◽  
Maria Elisa C. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

OBJETIVO: Averiguar a associação da insatisfação corporal (IC), do grau de comprometimento psicológico ao exercício (GCPE), do nível habitual de atividade física (NAF), do índice de massa corpórea (IMC), do percentual de gordura (%G) e da etnia com o comportamento alimentar inadequado (CAI) de adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Investigação transversal, da qual participaram 362 jovens de ambos os sexos, com idades entre dez e 19 anos, selecionados por amostragem estratificada. O Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) foi utilizado para avaliar o CAI. Ademais, utilizou-se o Body Shape Questionnaire, a Commitment Exercise Scale e o International Physical Activity Questionnaire para avaliar IC, GCPE e NAF, respectivamente. Conduziu-se análise multivariada e regressão múltipla para se analisarem os dados. RESULTADOS: Os resultados evidenciaram que a IC, o GCPE, o IMC e o %G associaram-se significativamente (p<0,05) com os escores das subescalas do EAT-26, tanto no sexo feminino, quanto no masculino. Os valores indicativos dessas associações foram diferentes entre os sexos. CONCLUSÕES: a insatisfação corporal e o IMC parecem ser os fatores mais fortemente associados aos distintos construtos do comportamento alimentar em ambos os sexos.

scholarly journals Comportamento alimentar e imagem corporal em atletas

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Palha de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Lúcia Magalhães Bosi ◽  
Patrícia dos Santos Vigário ◽  
Renata da Silva Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Eat 26

O ambiente esportivo pode ser um meio ampliador de pressões socioculturais motivadas pelo ideal de corpo magro. A presente investigação teve o objetivo de verificar a presença de comportamentos sugestivos de transtornos do comportamento alimentar (TCAs), de alterações na imagem corporal e de disfunções menstruais em atletas da EEFD-UFRJ. Foram avaliadas 12 atletas do sexo feminino (20 ± 2,0 anos) com 4,6 ± 2,3 anos de treinamento (13,8 ± 2,9h/semana) e seus resultados foram comparados com os de 32 jovens não-atletas (15,0 ± 1,4 ano). A avaliação de atitudes e comportamentos relacionados com a alimentação e o controle de peso foi realizada pelo Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), a existência de comportamentos sugestivos de bulimia nervosa pelo Bulimic Investigatory Test Edimburgh (BITE) e o grau de insatisfação com a imagem corporal pelo Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Esses são instrumentos de auto-aplicação e foram usados na versão em português. As atletas apresentavam massa corporal total de 59 ± 7,3kg, estatura de 1,65 ± 0,03m, percentual de gordura corporal (%G) 23,1 ± 4,1% e índice de massa corporal (IMC) de 21,6 ± 2,3kg/m². O BSQ apontou que 33% das atletas apresentam leve distorção da imagem corporal mesmo estando com valores para gordura corporal dentro de padrões esperados para a idade e sexo. O BITE apontou 16,6% das atletas com padrão alimentar não-usual na escala de sintomas, sem que estas apresentassem expressão na escala de gravidade. As atletas com padrão alimentar não-usual estão incluídas no total sugestivo de distorção de imagem corporal. O EAT-26 exibiu resultado negativo para todas as atletas. Os resultados encontrados na análise sugerem a presença de sintomas que não caracterizam, precisamente, a bulimia nervosa ou a anorexia nervosa, mas ressaltam a necessidade de avaliação e vigilância mais criteriosas da existência de TCA e seus precursores no ambiente esportivo, como forma de prevenção.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Appreciation Levels, Eating Attitudes and Physical Profiles of Turkish Elite Artistic Gymnasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Pınar Tatlıbal
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
National Team ◽  
Disordered Eating Behavior ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Form Information

Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior in athletes may occur when sports and social pressures require an ideal body standard, if the athlete perceives that his or her body does not conform to this ideal. For this reason, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between artistic gymnasts’ (AG) physical profiles, body appreciation levels and eating attitudes. A total of 32 elite AG (Turkish National Team), 13 women and 19 men, participated in this study. Height and body analyzes of the participants were measured. Body appreciation levels were determined by the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS), and eating attitudes were determined by the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). With the Training Information Form, information about training frequencies and durations was provided. Comparative analyzes of the BAS and EAT-26 results of elite female and male gymnasts were performed. The physical profiles, eating attitudes and body appreciation levels of female AG were evaluated and the relationship between them was determined. While no significant correlation was found between the BAS, EAT-26 and physical profiles of the elite male AG, a negative significant correlation was found between the BAS and body mass index (BMI) of female elite AG (p < 0.05). It was concluded that while BMI rates of elite female AG increased, their body appreciation levels decreased. The BAS results of elite AG’ were found to be significantly higher than those of elite female AGs (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Fatores de risco associados ao comportamento alimentar inadequado em futebolistas

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Sousa Fortes ◽  
Marcelo de Oliveira Matta ◽  
Santiago Tavares Paes ◽  
Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Eat 26

O comportamento alimentar inadequado (CAI) parece estar associado a diversos fatores. No entanto, a população de atletas, principalmente do sexo masculino, é carente de investigações deste tipo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar fatores de risco para o CAI em jovens futebolistas. Foram avaliados 271 futebolistas de Juiz de Fora/MG. Avaliou-se o CAI mediante aplicação do Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). A insatisfação corporal foi verificada por intermédio do Body Shape Questionnaire. Aferiu-se massa corporal e estatura para calcular-se o índice de massa corporal, além de dobras cutâneas com o propósito de estimar a adiposidade corporal. Conduziu-se regressão logística binária para avaliar riscos sobre o CAI, incutindo nível de significância de 5%. Observou-se que somente a insatisfação corporal manteve-se associada ao CAI, tanto no modelo simples, quanto no ajustado para todas as variáveis (p < 0,05). Concluiu-se que a insatisfação corporal apresentou riscos para a manifestação do CAI.

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