A Developmental Perspective on the Stability and Change of Psychopathic Personality Traits Across the Adolescence–Adulthood Transition

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan C. McCuish ◽  
Patrick Lussier
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Adulthood Transition ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Personality Disturbance ◽  
Pathways To Desistance

The stability of psychopathic personality disturbance (PPD) has important theoretical implications for developmental criminology and population heterogeneity perspective assertions that psychopathy is a key measure of criminal propensity. Data from the Pathways to Desistance Study ( n = 1,354) were used to examine short-, moderate-, and long-term reliable change in symptoms of PPD measured via the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI). Youth scoring highest on the YPI at the baseline assessment were most likely to experience reliable decreases in test scores. Binomial regression analyses showed that a reliable decrease in YPI test score was associated with decreased odds of endorsing additional offenses. Findings contrasted the adolescent “fledgling” psychopathy perspective and indicated that individuals scoring high on the YPI are the group most likely to experience reliable decreases in test scores, especially over a longer follow-up period.

scholarly journals An unusually low density ultra-short period super-Earth and three mini-Neptunes around the old star TOI-561

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Lacedelli ◽  
L Malavolta ◽  
L Borsato ◽  
G Piotto ◽  
D Nardiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Time Variation ◽  
Planetary System ◽  
Radial Velocities ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Outer Planets ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Based on HARPS-N radial velocities (RVs) and TESS photometry, we present a full characterisation of the planetary system orbiting the late G dwarf After the identification of three transiting candidates by TESS, we discovered two additional external planets from RV analysis. RVs cannot confirm the outer TESS transiting candidate, which would also make the system dynamically unstable. We demonstrate that the two transits initially associated with this candidate are instead due to single transits of the two planets discovered using RVs. The four planets orbiting TOI-561 include an ultra-short period (USP) super-Earth (TOI-561 b) with period Pb = 0.45 d, mass Mb = 1.59 ± 0.36 M⊕ and radius Rb = 1.42 ± 0.07 R⊕, and three mini-Neptunes: TOI-561 c, with Pc = 10.78 d, Mc = 5.40 ± 0.98 M⊕, Rc = 2.88 ± 0.09 R⊕; TOI-561 d, with Pd = 25.6 d, Md = 11.9 ± 1.3 M⊕, Rd = 2.53 ± 0.13 R⊕; and TOI-561 e, with Pe = 77.2 d, Me = 16.0 ± 2.3 M⊕, Re = 2.67 ± 0.11 R⊕. Having a density of 3.0 ± 0.8 g cm−3, TOI-561 b is the lowest density USP planet known to date. Our N-body simulations confirm the stability of the system and predict a strong, anti-correlated, long-term transit time variation signal between planets d and e. The unusual density of the inner super-Earth and the dynamical interactions between the outer planets make TOI-561 an interesting follow-up target.

Long-term follow-up studies confirm the stability of the latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4+ T cells

10.1038/nm880 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet D Siliciano ◽  
Joleen Kajdas ◽  
Diana Finzi ◽  
Thomas C Quinn ◽  
Karen Chadwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Latent Reservoir ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Long-term outcomes after arthroscopic single-bundle reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament: A 7-year follow-up study

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 865-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Honggang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Single Bundle ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Pcl Reconstruction ◽  
Lysholm Knee Score ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Tegner Score

Objective Arthroscopy is the most popular technique in posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction surgery. However, no consensus on long-term outcomes after arthroscopic PCL reconstruction has been reached. This study was performed to evaluate the long-term outcomes after arthroscopic autologous hamstring or allogeneic tendon single-bundle reconstruction of the PCL. Methods Fifty-eight patients who underwent arthroscopic PCL reconstruction in Anhui, China from 2007 to 2009 were included. The follow-up period ranged from 56 to 83 months. During the follow-up, the Lysholm knee score and Tegner activity score were used to assess knee function. The KT-2000 arthrometer (MEDmetric Corp., San Diego, CA, USA) was used to assess the stability of the reconstructed PCL. Results The mean Lysholm score, mean Tegner score, and mean forward and backward displacements were not significantly different between the final follow-up and 1 year after the surgery. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in any of the above-mentioned parameters between autologous and allogeneic reconstruction at the final follow-up. Conclusion Both autologous and allogeneic reconstruction had few complications and satisfactory long-term outcomes.

scholarly journals Stability of Folate and Vitamin B12in Human Serum after Long-Term Storage: A Follow-Up after 13 Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugène H. J. M. Jansen ◽  
Piet K. Beekhof
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Term Storage

In epidemiological and nutrition research, it is very important to evaluate the stability of biomarkers as function of both storage time and temperature. In this study, the stability of folate and vitamin B12in human serum samples has been tested after long-term storage at −80°C up to 13 years. Serum samples of 16 individuals were used in this study. The concentration of folate and vitamin B12has been determined att=0and at 1, 8, and 13 years after storage at −80°C. The folate concentrations in serum samples remained stable at −80°C. The concentration of vitamin B12was decreasing during the time of the study to about 50%. The correlation of the folate and also of the vitamin B12concentrations in the stored samples compared with the starting values was still good. Therefore, although the concentration of vitamin B12decreased upon storage, reliable comparative analyses can still be performed.

Assessing the Stability of Psychopathic Traits: Adolescent Outcomes in a Six-Year Follow-Up

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura López-Romero ◽  
Estrella Romero ◽  
Paula Villar
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
The Stability

AbstractPrevious research has shown the relevance of psychopathic traits as predictors of severe and persistent antisocial behavior. Given that personality traits refer to developmental constructs, the main purposes of this study were to analyze the stability of psychopathic traits from childhood to adolescence, and to examine differential outcomes derived from distinctive pathways of stability and change. Data was collected in a Spanish sample of 138 children aged 6–11 at the onset of the study (T1), and 12–17 in the subsequent follow-up conducted 6 years later (T2). The stability of psychopathic traits was assessed in terms of differential continuity (rank-order), absolute stability (mean-level) and individual-level change (Reliable Change Index). Results confirmed that psychopathic traits remained moderately to highly stable from childhood to adolescence (p < .001). There were, however, some differences depending on the informant (parents vs. teachers) and the particular assessment method used (rank order vs. mean-level and RCI). A stable high and an increasing developmental pattern of psychopathic traits were related with severe adolescent behavioral and psychosocial problems (ŋ² = .10–.36). These results support the usefulness of youth psychopathic personality as a developmental construct, and highlight its relevance as a predictor of long-lasting maladjustment, with relevant implications in terms of prevention and treatment.

Long-Term Use of Neuroleptics among Elderly in a Swedish Community

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald B. Stewart ◽  
Dag G.L. Isacson ◽  
Kerstin A.L. Bingefors ◽  
Karolina I.M. Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Dosage Range ◽  
The Stability

OBJECTIVE: Analysis of long-term use of neuroleptics among the elderly in a Swedish community. DESIGN: Cohort study, three-year follow-up period. SETTING: Primary care. PATIENTS: All people aged 65 years or older who used neuroleptics in 1984. RESULTS: Neuroleptic use was fairly common among elderly and continued long-term use was relatively frequent. One third of long-term users obtained doses exceeding a recommended dosage range. Prescribed doses were seldom changed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: The high proportion of long-term users and the stability of the prescribed doses indicate that there is a need for more information to be made available to prescribers regarding the risks of long-term use of neuroleptics in primary care.

Relationship between Widening and Position of the Tunnels and Clinical Results of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction to Knee Osteoarthritis: 30 Patients at a Minimum Follow-Up of 10 Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ayala-Mejias ◽  
Benjamin Garcia-Gonzalez ◽  
Luis Alcocer-Perez-España ◽  
Pedro Berjano ◽  
Jorge Villafañe
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tibial Tunnel ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Lachman Test ◽  
Kt 1000 ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

AbstractTo evaluate the relationship between tunnel position and widening and long-term clinical results in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, a retrospective cohort of 30 patients undergoing ACL reconstruction with double semitendinous plus double gracilis (SAC technique) with longer than 10-year follow-up was selected. CT scans in the first 3 months and at final follow-up was evaluated. Position, angle, and widening of tunnels including Nebelung criteria were recorded in all CT scans. Physical, KT-1000, and clinical evaluation were performed at final follow-up. Outcomes and knee arthritis severity were evaluated at final follow-up. Mean follow-up was 11.2 ± 1.2. At final follow-up, 85 and 57% of tibial and femoral tunnels, respectively, developed some degree of enlargement. Frontal tibial angle (mean) was 72°, sagittal tibial angle 63°, frontal femoral angle 47°, sagittal femoral angle 20°, and tunnels divergence angle 36°. Preoperatively, KT-1000 30L and Lachman test scores were 5.52 and 5.79 respectively. In the last follow-up, 30L and manual Lachman test scores were 0.97 and 1.13, respectively (p < 0.001). In IKDC scale, pivot shift and Jerk tests showed 83 and 84% grade A results, respectively (p < 0.0001). In Fairbank scale, 23% worsened one grade and 27% worsened more than one grade (p < 0.005). Tibial tunnels widened more than femoral tunnels and further dilatation was found between intermediate and final follow-up. Higher incidence of tibial tunnel widening was observed in patients with tunnel verticalization. Tibial tunnel dilation was associated with long-term degenerative changes but not with final knee instability.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Determinants of Being Offered and Accepting Operational Management Services—A Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2158
Author(s):  
Adrian Loerbroks ◽  
Jessica Scharf ◽  
Peter Angerer ◽  
Katja Spanier ◽  
Matthias Bethge
Keyword(s):  
Sick Leave ◽  
Company Size ◽  
Mental Impairment ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Backward Elimination ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Integration Management ◽  
Operational Integration

In Germany, employers are obliged to offer “operational integration management” (OIM) services to employees returning from long-term sick leave. OIM aims to improve employees’ workability and to prevent future sick leave or early retirement. This study examined (i) to what extent OIM services are offered to eligible employees, (ii) to what extent offers are accepted and (iii) the determinants of both outcomes. We used data from a cohort of employees eligible for OIM. Thirty-four potential determinants were assessed in 2013 (i.e., the baseline) using participant reports. In 2015 (i.e., the follow-up), participants were asked (a) whether they had ever been offered OIM services by their employer, and (b) whether they had accepted that offer (i.e., the outcomes). We estimated relative risks by multivariable binomial regression to identify predictors based on backward elimination. In total, 36.0% of the participants were offered OIM services and 77.2% of them accepted that offer. The likelihood of an OIM offer at follow-up was elevated in participants with mental impairment, cancer or long-term absenteeism and increased with organizational justice, neuroticism, and company size. The likelihood of accepting that OIM offer was positively associated with mental impairment and decreased with increasing company size.

scholarly journals Prediction Error Stabilization and Long-Term Standard Results with a Monofocal Intraocular Lens

Vision ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Beatríz Macías-Murelaga ◽  
Gonzaga Garay-Aramburu ◽  
Roberto Bergado-Mijangos ◽  
Daniel Coello-Ojeda ◽  
Itziar Ozaeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
High Power ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Visual Performance ◽  
Posterior Capsular Opacification ◽  
Myopic Shift ◽  
Hyperopic Shift ◽  
The Stability

The aim of this study was to assess the stability and differences between objective (O-Rx) and subjective (S-Rx) refraction for the assessment of the prediction error (PE). A secondary aim was to report the results of a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL). 100 subjects were included for whom S-Rx and O-Rx were obtained for all visits, and for visual performance, posterior capsular opacification incidence and Nd:YAG rates at 12 months. Either S-Rx and O-Rx showed a hyperopic shift from 1 to 6 months (p < 0.05) and stabilization after 6 months. S-Rx was related with the axial length (rho = −0.29, p = 0.007), obtaining a major tendency towards hyperopia in short eyes implanted with high-power IOLs. O-Rx showed a myopic shift in comparison to S-Rx (p < 0.05). This resulted in a decrease of the number of eyes in ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D from 79 to 67% and from 94 to 90%, respectively. The median (interquartile range) uncorrected and corrected visual acuities were 0.1 (0.29) and 0 (0.12) logMAR, respectively, and seven eyes required Nd:YAG capsulotomy at 12 months. Some caution should be taken in PE studies in which O-Rx is used or S-Rx is measured in a 1-month follow-up. Constant optimization should be conducted for this IOL after S-Rx stabilization.

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