Media Democratization in Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Tim Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Online Media ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Media Regulation ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
The Media ◽  
Communications Law ◽  
Democratic Transformation ◽  
Media Corporations ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

A regulatory process of “democratizing the media” based on recent constitutional guarantees and a 2013 communications law is under way in Ecuador. The initiative comes from a demand for new forms of social accountability and participation in the mass media after the Latin American experience of media companies’direct engagement in coups and the destabilization of progressive governments. Media democratization is seen as necessary for the construction of democratic societies. It is distinct in Latin America from recent Northern approaches, which tend to be technocratic, suggesting democratic transformation through new online media and enhanced consumer options. Ecuador’s process follows similar initiatives in Venezuela, Bolivia, Argentina, and Uruguay but is perhaps more articulate and systematic. It is instructive in that it builds on well-established public policy themes of the containment of monopoly power, redress of civil wrongs, and the promotion of participation and diversity. While media corporations mostly seek to disqualify debate on media regulation, Ecuador’s approach deserves closer examination. Ecuador está llevando a cabo un proceso de “democratización de medios” basado en las recientes garantías constitucionales y la ley de comunicaciones de 2013. La iniciativa responde a una exigencia de nuevas formas de responsabilidad social y participación en los medios de comunicación masivos a raíz de experiencias latinoamericanas en las cuales ciertas compañías de medios han intervenido para desestabilizar o generar golpes de estado contra gobiernos progresistas. La democratización de los medios se considera necesaria para la construcción de sociedades democráticas, y esta aproximación se distingue de aquellas características del hemisferio norte con sus tendencias tecnocráticas, que sugieren que la transformación democrática se ha de llevar a cabo mediante nuevos medios en línea y opciones de consumo más amplias. El proceso ecuatoriano se suma a iniciativas similares en Venezuela, Bolivia, Argentina y Uruguay, pero es quizá más articulado y sistemático. Se basa en temas de política pública establecidos como la contención del poder monopólico, la rectificación de delitos civiles, y la promoción de la participación y la diversidad. Si bien las corporaciones de medios han buscado descalificar los debates en torno a la mencionada regulación, los esfuerzos ecuatorianos merecen ser examinados más de cerca.

scholarly journals El imaginario urbano del miedo en Latinoamérica: evidencias de estudios en Salvador de Bahía, Brasil, y Monterrey, México

2016 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Javier Gómez Dávila ◽  
Rafael De Aguiar Arantes
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Urban Imaginary ◽  
The Media ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion ◽  
The Way

ResumenEs innegable la importancia y la fuerza que el estudio de los imaginarios urbanosha cobrado en los últimos años en las disciplinas espaciales, incluyendola sociología urbana. Este trabajo analiza el origen, los significados y lasconsecuencias de uno de los imaginarios urbanos más latentes y poderososen las ciudades latinoamericanas: el imaginario del miedo, el cual, con sumezcla de violencia real y percepción subjetiva de la sociedad, se ha convertidoen la forma de habitar de la ciudad contemporánea latinoamericana, volviéndolaun espacio de miedo e inseguridad, situación potencializada por elmercado inmobiliario y los medios de comunicación. Este trabajo toma comocasos de estudio las ciudades de Salvador de Bahía, en Brasil, y Monterrey, enMéxico, para analizar las manifestaciones sociales y urbanísticas de este imaginario,encontrando que el imaginario del miedo no es solamente un miedoa la violencia e inseguridad, sino también a mezclarse con el otro, una negaciónde la heterogeneidad, la diversidad y la sociabilidad que siempre hancaracterizado a las ciudades, provocando así manifestaciones de aislamientoy segregación arquitectónicas, que hacen cada vez más difícil alcanzar unconcepto de sustentabilidad urbana real.Palabras clave: imaginarios sociales, miedo, segregación, América Latina. The Latin-American urban imaginary of fear:evidence from studies in Salvador, Brazil, andMonterrey, MexicoAbstractThe importance and strength that the study of urban imaginary has gainedin recent years in space disciplines is undeniable, including urban sociology.This paper analyzes the origin, meaning and consequences of one ofthe most latent and powerful urban imaginary in Latin American cities:the imagination of fear, which, with a mix of real violence and subjectiveperception of society, has become the way of living of Latin American contemporarycity, as a place of fear and insecurity, a situation potentiated bythe housing market and the media. This work takes cities of Salvador deBahia in Brazil and Monterrey, Mexico, as case studies to analyze social andurban manifestations of this imaginary, finding that the imaginary of fear isnot just about violence and insecurity but also about relating with others,a denial of heterogeneity, diversity and sociability that have always characterizedthe cities, causing manifestations of insulation and architecturalsegregation. This makes that reaching a concept of real urban sustainabilityis increasingly difficult.Keywords: social imaginary, fear, segregation, Latin America.O imaginário urbano do medo na América Latina:evidências de estudos em Salvador de Bahía,Brasil e Monterrey, MéxicoResumoÉ inegável a importância e força que o estudo dos imaginários urbanos temganhado nos últimos anos nas disciplinas espaciais, incluindo a sociologiaurbana. Este trabalho analisa a origem, os significados e as consequências deum dos imaginários urbanos mais latentes e poderosos nas cidades latino--americanas: o imaginário do medo, o qual se mistura de violência real e apercepção subjetiva da sociedade, tornou-se forma de viver a cidade contemporânealatino-americana, volvendo-se num espaço de medo e insegurança,situação potenciada pelo mercado imobiliário e da mídia. Este trabalho temcomo estudos de caso as cidades de Salvador de Bahia, no Brasil, e Monterrey,no México, para analisar manifestações sociais e urbanas deste imaginário,encontrando que o imaginário do medo não é apenas um medo deviolência e insegurança, mas também, se misturar com outro, uma negaçãoda heterogeneidade, a diversidade e sociabilidade que sempre tem caracterizadoas cidades, causando manifestações de isolamento e segregação daarquitetura, o que torna cada vez mais difícil de lograr um conceito de sustentabilidadeurbano real.Palavras – chave: imaginários sociais, medo, segregação, América Latina.   

scholarly journals When Media Education is State Policy

Comunicar ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Morduchowicz
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
21St Century ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Media Education ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
The Media ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

One of the specific challenges faced by media education in Latin America is to narrow the divide and promote more equitable, fairer access to cultural and technological commodities among youth from the poorest families. Although the obstacles are more than a few and the challenges are by no means negligible, the first step toward facing them is to insert Media Education as a public policy, as State policy. Fortunately, we have always had teachers who have used the media and taught others to analyze, interpret and use them creatively. The idea, when Media Education becomes part of public policy, is to move beyond individual initiative and turn these private efforts into a State commitment. This is the only way to overcome the huge obstacles and materialize the major challenges posed by media education in the 21st century. Uno de los desafíos específicos que tiene la educación para los medios en América Latina es disminuir las brechas y promover un acceso más equitativo y justo a los bienes culturales y tecnológicos entre los jóvenes que provienen de familias más pobres. Aun cuando los obstáculos no son pocos y los desafíos no son menores, el primer paso para lograrlos es insertar la educación para los medios como una política pública, una política de Estado. Docentes que han utilizado los medios de comunicación y que han enseñado a analizarlos, interpretarlos y utilizarlos crea tivamente, ha habido –afortunadamente– siempre. La idea cuando la educación para los me dios forma parte de una política pública– es superar los voluntarismos individuales y convertir estos esfuerzos particulares en un compromiso de Estado. Éste es el único camino que puede conducir a superar los enormes obstáculos y a concretar los grandes desafíos que propone una educación para los medios en el siglo XXI.

scholarly journals El reto de la formación de perfiles profesionales de los cibermedios basados en la innovación y las tecnologías del conocimiento / The Challenge of Training Professional Profiles Online Media Based on Innovation and Knowledge Technologies

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Miguel Flores ◽  
Cecilia Salinas Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Online Media ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Natural Evolution ◽  
Digital Resources ◽  
Media Space ◽  
Professional Profile ◽  
The Media ◽  
La Red ◽  
Training Professional ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

ABSTRACTThe natural evolution of the blogs, social networks and other digital resources used in thecontext of the media, demands a professional profile type increasingly specific. The mass media, toglobal scale, trying to adapt or face the media revolution that has caused by Internet. Are media who have risked their investments what has become bearers of that revolution. So, as a result of this adaptation of media organizations to the call convergence, emerging new professional profiles, asemerged in recent years of the nineties. Different job profiles are described and analyzed by experts and scholars in the evolution of journalism, which show the media are adapting to new environments, because ift hey do not run the risk of simply disappearing from the media space. In this article proposes a more detailed and current information about professional profiles online media demanding, from a stand point of training in schools, and their presence, expansion and consolidation in the most advanced media.RESUMENLa evolución natural de los blogs, redes sociales y otros recursos digitales utilizados en el contexto de los medios de comunicación, demanda un tipo de perfil profesional cada vez más específico. Los grandes medios de comunicación, a escala global, intentan adaptarse o enfrentarse a la revolución mediática que ha provocado la red. Son medios que han arriesgado sus inversiones lo que les ha convertido en abanderados de dicha revolución. De ahí que, como consecuencia de esta adaptación de las empresas mediáticas hacia la llamada convergencia, emergen nuevos perfiles profesionales, como ya surgiera en los últimos años de la década de los noventa. Diferentes perfiles profesionales son descritos y analizados por expertos y estudiosos en la evolución del periodismo, hecho que de-muestra de cómo los medios están adaptándose a los nuevos entornos, ya que si no lo hacen corren el riesgo de, simplemente, desaparecer del espacio mediático. En este artículo se propone un análisis más detallado y actual sobre perfiles profesionales que demandan los cibermedios, desde un punto de vista formativo en las facultades, así como, su presencia, expansión y consolidación en los medios más vanguardistas.

scholarly journals El imaginario urbano del miedo en Latinoamérica: evidencias de estudios en Salvador de Bahía, Brasil, y Monterrey, México

2016 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Javier Gómez Dávila ◽  
Rafael De Aguiar Arantes
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Urban Imaginary ◽  
The Media ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion ◽  
The Way

ResumenEs innegable la importancia y la fuerza que el estudio de los imaginarios urbanosha cobrado en los últimos años en las disciplinas espaciales, incluyendola sociología urbana. Este trabajo analiza el origen, los significados y lasconsecuencias de uno de los imaginarios urbanos más latentes y poderososen las ciudades latinoamericanas: el imaginario del miedo, el cual, con sumezcla de violencia real y percepción subjetiva de la sociedad, se ha convertidoen la forma de habitar de la ciudad contemporánea latinoamericana, volviéndolaun espacio de miedo e inseguridad, situación potencializada por elmercado inmobiliario y los medios de comunicación. Este trabajo toma comocasos de estudio las ciudades de Salvador de Bahía, en Brasil, y Monterrey, enMéxico, para analizar las manifestaciones sociales y urbanísticas de este imaginario,encontrando que el imaginario del miedo no es solamente un miedoa la violencia e inseguridad, sino también a mezclarse con el otro, una negaciónde la heterogeneidad, la diversidad y la sociabilidad que siempre hancaracterizado a las ciudades, provocando así manifestaciones de aislamientoy segregación arquitectónicas, que hacen cada vez más difícil alcanzar unconcepto de sustentabilidad urbana real.Palabras clave: imaginarios sociales, miedo, segregación, América Latina. The Latin-American urban imaginary of fear:evidence from studies in Salvador, Brazil, andMonterrey, MexicoAbstractThe importance and strength that the study of urban imaginary has gainedin recent years in space disciplines is undeniable, including urban sociology.This paper analyzes the origin, meaning and consequences of one ofthe most latent and powerful urban imaginary in Latin American cities:the imagination of fear, which, with a mix of real violence and subjectiveperception of society, has become the way of living of Latin American contemporarycity, as a place of fear and insecurity, a situation potentiated bythe housing market and the media. This work takes cities of Salvador deBahia in Brazil and Monterrey, Mexico, as case studies to analyze social andurban manifestations of this imaginary, finding that the imaginary of fear isnot just about violence and insecurity but also about relating with others,a denial of heterogeneity, diversity and sociability that have always characterizedthe cities, causing manifestations of insulation and architecturalsegregation. This makes that reaching a concept of real urban sustainabilityis increasingly difficult.Keywords: social imaginary, fear, segregation, Latin America.O imaginário urbano do medo na América Latina:evidências de estudos em Salvador de Bahía,Brasil e Monterrey, MéxicoResumoÉ inegável a importância e força que o estudo dos imaginários urbanos temganhado nos últimos anos nas disciplinas espaciais, incluindo a sociologiaurbana. Este trabalho analisa a origem, os significados e as consequências deum dos imaginários urbanos mais latentes e poderosos nas cidades latino--americanas: o imaginário do medo, o qual se mistura de violência real e apercepção subjetiva da sociedade, tornou-se forma de viver a cidade contemporânealatino-americana, volvendo-se num espaço de medo e insegurança,situação potenciada pelo mercado imobiliário e da mídia. Este trabalho temcomo estudos de caso as cidades de Salvador de Bahia, no Brasil, e Monterrey,no México, para analisar manifestações sociais e urbanas deste imaginário,encontrando que o imaginário do medo não é apenas um medo deviolência e insegurança, mas também, se misturar com outro, uma negaçãoda heterogeneidade, a diversidade e sociabilidade que sempre tem caracterizadoas cidades, causando manifestações de isolamento e segregação daarquitetura, o que torna cada vez mais difícil de lograr um conceito de sustentabilidadeurbano real.Palavras – chave: imaginários sociais, medo, segregação, América Latina.   

scholarly journals De medios e intermedias: Medios de comunicación en ciudades intermedias

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Iturralde
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Media System ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Ethnographic Methodology ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

El sistema de medios de comunicación en Argentina, como en otros países de América Latina, plantea una serie de continuidades en el siglo XX y algunas rupturas en lo que va del siglo XXI. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el sistema de medios de comunicación de tres ciudades de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, teniendo en cuenta este contexto de continuidades y rupturas, y atendiendo particularmente a la caracterización de las mismas como ciudades intermedias.En relación al objetivo, se registran antecedentes de investigaciones provenientes de la Antropología Urbana, con metodología etnográfica, realizados en las ciudades estudiadas desde los cuales se arriba a cuatro hipótesis teóricas sobre las ciudades intermedias. Este enfoque nos permite abordar desde sus particularidades los centros urbanos en los que se emplazan los sistemas de medios analizados.Palabras clave: Ciudades Intermedias. Medios de Comunicación. Hipótesis Teóricas. Of media and intermediate: Media in intermediate citiesAbstractThe media system in Argentina, as in other Latin American countries, presents a series of continuities in the twentieth century and some ruptures in the XXI century. The objective of this article is to analyze the media system of three cities of the province of Buenos Aires, taking into account this context of continuities and ruptures, and paying particular attention to the characterization of the same as intermediate cities.In relation to the objective, there is a history of researches from Urban Anthropology, with ethnographic methodology, carried out in the studied cities from which four theoretical hypotheses about intermediate cities are presented. This approach allows us to approach from its peculiarities the urban centers in which the analyzed media systems are located.Keywords: IntermediateCities. Media. Theoretical Hypotheses.

scholarly journals Latin American Experience in Constitutional and Legal Guarantees of Freedom of the Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (65) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Michael A. Tulnev ◽  
Natalya Yu. Agafonova ◽  
Andrey V. Krotov ◽  
Ivan N. Kuksin ◽  
Marina V. Markhgeym
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Media Freedom ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
American States ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Media ◽  
General Scientific

The objective of the research was to analyze the Latin American experience in constitutional guarantees regarding freedom of expression in the media. The document summarizes the results of a comparative legal study dedicated to the texts included in the constitutions of the Latin American states regarding the identification of norms that guarantee the freedom of the media in them. It has been established that most of the declared constitutions contain traditional guarantees of media freedom expressed in the legalization of this substantive freedom, its implementation without censorship and restrictions under the threat of responsibility for its abuse. Methodologically, the study was built on the basis of a dialectical approach for the dissemination of legal phenomena and processes using general scientific methods (systemic, logical, analysis and synthesis) and particular. In conclusion, it is evident that it is typical that the constitutions of Latin American states combine freedom of thought, expression and media in a single provision. In all other aspects, the list of identified guarantees is variable and in many countries they have no impact on the concrete reality.

The Architecture of Our Discontent

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochai Benkler ◽  
Robert Faris ◽  
Hal Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
News Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Media ◽  
First Year ◽  
Media Ecosystem ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Right ◽  
Integrated Media ◽  
Presidential Election Campaign

This chapter presents the book’s macrolevel findings about the architecture of political communication and the news media ecosystem in the United States from 2015 to 2018. Two million stories published during the 2016 presidential election campaign are analyzed, along with another 1.9 million stories about Donald Trump’s presidency during his first year. The chapter examines patterns of interlinking between online media sources to understand the relations of authority and credibility among publishers, as well as the media sharing practices of Twitter and Facebook users to elucidate social media attention patterns. The data and mapping reveal not only a profoundly polarized media landscape but stark asymmetry: the right is more insular, skewed towards the extreme, and set apart from the more integrated media ecosystem of the center, center-left, and left.

scholarly journals The Latin American experience with a next generation sequencing genetic panel for recessive limb-girdle muscular weakness and Pompe disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Bevilacqua ◽  
Maria del Rosario Guecaimburu Ehuletche ◽  
Abayuba Perna ◽  
Alberto Dubrovsky ◽  
Marcondes C. Franca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Pompe Disease ◽  
Muscular Weakness ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Generation Sequencing

scholarly journals When Does the Public Get It Right? The Information Environment and the Accuracy of Economic Sentiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 001041402198975
Author(s):  
Ryan E. Carlin ◽  
Timothy Hellwig ◽  
Gregory J. Love ◽  
Cecilia Martínez-Gallardo ◽  
Matthew M. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Government Accountability ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Quality Information ◽  
The Media ◽  
Latin American Countries

Public evaluations of the economy are key for understanding how citizens develop policy opinions and monitor government performance. But what drives economic evaluations? In this article, we argue the context in which information about the economy is distributed shapes economic perceptions. In high-quality information environments—where policies are transparent, the media is free, and political opposition is robust—mass perceptions closely track economic conditions. In contrast, compromised information environments provide openings for political manipulation, leading perceptions to deviate from business cycle fluctuations. We test our argument with unique data from eight Latin American countries. Results show restrictions on access to information distort the public’s view of economic performance. The ability of voters to sanction governments is stronger when democratic institutions and the media protect citizens’ access to independent, unbiased information. Our findings highlight the importance of accurate evaluations of the economy for government accountability and democratic responsiveness.

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