Public Interest in Veterans’ Lottery Tickets

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-435
Author(s):  
David M. Yaskewich
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Military Veterans ◽  
Lottery Ticket ◽  
County Level ◽  
Ticket Sales ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Explained Variation ◽  
Election Results

While many states earmark lottery proceeds for education programs, a few states have started allocating portions of lottery revenues toward state-provided services for military veterans. The decision to shift funds toward veterans’ services and away from other programs creates an opportunity to study society’s willingness to help veterans when faced with real trade-offs. Using county-level data from three states, I examined public interest in veterans’ lottery tickets by analyzing consumer and voter behaviors. In two states that sold veterans’ tickets, IA and TX, a similar set of county-level variables explained variation in both veterans’ and nonveterans’ ticket sales. However, there were a few cases in which sales patterns differed across ticket categories. Election results from a statewide referendum in MO to create a veterans’ lottery ticket suggested that opposition came from counties with a large proportion of college graduates and high population densities.

scholarly journals Research Note: U.S. Senate Elections and Newspaper Competition

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 363-368
Author(s):  
Jan Vermeer
Keyword(s):  
Regional Difference ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
County Level ◽  
Senate Elections ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Election Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Newspaper Competition ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The contextual factors that structure electoral contests affect election outcomes. This research examines the impact of one such factor, the existence of newspaper competition, on the closeness of election results for U.S. Senate elections, using county-level data. Using counties with cities over 50,000 in population, the study finds that additional daily newspapers in a county lead to closer elections. Controls for socio-economic factors are incorporated into the analysis. The possibility that the finding reflects a regional difference between the South and non-South is explored and rejected. Implications of these findings are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals The Tuesday Advantage of Politicians Endorsed by American Newspapers

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 865-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Leite Lopez de Leon
Keyword(s):  
Selection Effect ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
County Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Election Results

Abstract This article documents the electoral advantage of candidates who have a newspaper endorsement published on Election Day compared to other endorsed candidates. I provide evidence that this advantage is not driven by a selection effect, suggesting that it is instead explained by readers deciding how to vote based on endorsements read on Election Day. Moreover, candidates who have a different political orientation from their endorsing newspapers benefit more from this endorsement than other candidates. These results are based on a newly-compiled dataset matching county-level data of 826 endorsed candidates’ election results with newspaper and county characteristics.

scholarly journals Timing of social distancing policies and COVID-19 mortality: county-level evidence from the U.S.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes ◽  
Neeraj Kaushal ◽  
Ashley N. Muchow
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
County Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

AbstractUsing county-level data on COVID-19 mortality and infections, along with county-level information on the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), we examine how the speed of NPI adoption affected COVID-19 mortality in the United States. Our estimates suggest that adopting safer-at-home orders or non-essential business closures 1 day before infections double can curtail the COVID-19 death rate by 1.9%. This finding proves robust to alternative measures of NPI adoption speed, model specifications that control for testing, other NPIs, and mobility and across various samples (national, the Northeast, excluding New York, and excluding the Northeast). We also find that the adoption speed of NPIs is associated with lower infections and is unrelated to non-COVID deaths, suggesting these measures slowed contagion. Finally, NPI adoption speed appears to have been less effective in Republican counties, suggesting that political ideology might have compromised their efficacy.

scholarly journals Individual Preferences for Giving

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1858-1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Fisman ◽  
Shachar Kariv ◽  
Daniel Markovits
Keyword(s):  
Utility Maximization ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Graphical Representations ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
Dictator Games ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Budget Sets ◽  
Baseline Experiment

We utilize graphical representations of Dictator Games which generate rich individual-level data. Our baseline experiment employs budget sets over feasible payoff-pairs. We test these data for consistency with utility maximization, and we recover the underlying preferences for giving (trade-offs between own payoffs and the payoffs of others). Two further experiments augment the analysis. An extensive elaboration employs three-person budget sets to distinguish preferences for giving from social preferences (trade-offs between the payoffs of others). And an intensive elaboration employs step-shaped sets to distinguish between behaviors that are compatible with well-behaved preferences and those compatible only with not well-behaved cases. (JEL C72, D64)

Abstract P636: Social Determinants of Stroke Hospitalization and Mortality in the United States

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Randhir Sagar Yadav ◽  
Durgesh Chaudhary ◽  
Shima Shahjouei ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Vida Abedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
County Level ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Control And Prevention

Introduction: Stroke hospitalization and mortality are influenced by various social determinants. This ecological study aimed to determine the associations between social determinants and stroke hospitalization and outcome at county-level in the United States. Methods: County-level data were recorded from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as of January 7, 2020. We considered four outcomes: all-age (1) Ischemic and (2) Hemorrhagic stroke Death rates per 100,000 individuals (ID and HD respectively), and (3) Ischemic and (4) Hemorrhagic stroke Hospitalization rate per 1,000 Medicare beneficiaries (IH and HH respectively). Results: Data of 3,225 counties showed IH (12.5 ± 3.4) and ID (22.2 ± 5.1) were more frequent than HH (2.0 ± 0.4) and HD (9.8 ± 2.1). Income inequality as expressed by Gini Index was found to be 44.6% ± 3.6% and unemployment rate was 4.3% ± 1.5%. Only 29.8% of the counties had at least one hospital with neurological services. The uninsured rate was 11.0% ± 4.7% and people living within half a mile of a park was only 18.7% ± 17.6%. Age-adjusted obesity rate was 32.0% ± 4.5%. In regression models, age-adjusted obesity (OR for IH: 1.11; HH: 1.04) and number of hospitals with neurological services (IH: 1.40; HH: 1.50) showed an association with IH and HH. Age-adjusted obesity (ID: 1.16; HD: 1.11), unemployment (ID: 1.21; HD: 1.18) and income inequality (ID: 1.09; HD: 1.11) showed an association with ID and HD. Park access showed inverse associations with all four outcomes. Additionally, population per primary-care physician was associated with HH while number of pharmacy and uninsured rate were associated with ID. All associations and OR had p ≤0.04. Conclusion: Unemployment and income inequality are significantly associated with increased stroke mortality rates.

scholarly journals Habit Formation in Voting: Evidence from Rainy Elections

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Fujiwara ◽  
Kyle Meng ◽  
Tom Vogl
Keyword(s):  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Habit Formation ◽  
County Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Social Spillovers ◽  
Consumption Value

We estimate habit formation in voting—the effect of past on current turnout—by exploiting transitory voting cost shocks. Using county-level data on US presidential elections from 1952–2012, we find that rainfall on current and past election days reduces voter turnout. Our estimates imply that a 1-point decrease in past turnout lowers current turnout by 0.6–1.0 points. Further analyses suggest that habit formation operates by reinforcing the direct consumption value of voting and that our estimates may be amplified by social spillovers. (JEL D72, D83, N42)

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