Informal Rules and Institutional Balances on the Boards of EU Agencies

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Font
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Member States ◽  
Institutional Dynamics ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Informal Rules ◽  
Functional Motivations

Recent research has paid increasing attention to the institutional dynamics of EU agencies in post-delegation but has barely explored the conditions under which patterns of informality shifting institutional power balances are likely to emerge on agency boards. Based on documentary analysis and 60 semi-structured interviews covering 22 agencies, this article examines under what conditions boards’ formal configurations in which the Member States hold a majority are informally altered to the advantage of the Commission. The article argues that functional motivations are present in the emergence of informal rules empowering the Commission, but those rationales are conditional to distributional considerations.

scholarly journals Multilateral Naval Exercise Komodo: Enhancing Indonesia’s Multilateral Defence Diplomacy?

2021 ◽  
pp. 186810342110089
Author(s):  
Frega Wenas Inkiriwang
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
Documentary Analysis

Defence diplomacy has gained attention in the past decades. Hence, Indonesia has also developed its defence diplomacy for achieving its strategic interests. In Indonesia’s defence diplomacy, bilateral forms have dominated the practice of joint exercises with its defence partners. However, under the Yudhoyono administration in 2014, Indonesia hosted its first multilateral joint exercise, the Multilateral Naval Exercise Komodo (MNEK), which aimed at facilitating multilateral engagement with greater international partners. This exercise was continued by the Widodo administration as a biannual event in the following years. Since this multilateral exercise has rarely been studied, this article attempts to qualitatively examine how this exercise has developed and contributed to Indonesia’s multilateral defence diplomacy. To support the analysis, this article relies on a combination of documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews, including with numerous participants of past MNEK exercises in 2014, 2016, and 2018.

International Best Practices in Existing Corporate Waqf Models

2020 ◽  
pp. 223-253
Author(s):  
Noor Suhaida Kasri ◽  
Muhammad Hasan Hilmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Endowment Fund ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Asset Class ◽  
Sustainable Investment

Waqf is being introduced and implemented in a number of innovative structures with contemporary movable asset class. Despite that, there is still a demand for waqf to be more effectively organised and managed. This chapter studies the contemporary establishment of corporate waqf, as exemplified by Waqaf An-Nur Corporation Berhad, Larkin Sentral Property Berhad, and Wareef Endowment Fund. These models are analyzed from the angles of governance, sustainable investment strategy, risk management, and social impact. These mini case studies are benchmarked against the leading Harvard Endowment Fund. The analysis sheds light on their levels of efficiency and effectiveness as well as their issues and challenges. This chapter proposes recommendations for consideration, especially to policy makers and waqf market players. This chapter adopts a qualitative research methodology by using textual and documentary analysis together with semi-structured interviews and discussions with the relevant stakeholders.

Emergency Politics in the Euro Crisis

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kreuder-Sonnen
Keyword(s):  
Securities Markets ◽  
Euro Crisis ◽  
Lender Of Last Resort ◽  
Member States ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
European Central ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
Emergency Measures ◽  
Economic Policymaking

Chapter 5 starts with an analysis of the establishment and normalization of the European “bailout regime” in the Euro crisis. In 2010, member states of the Eurogroup and EU institutions devised exceptional emergency credit facilities and created the so-called troika to devise and implement harsh austerity measures in recipient states. A combination of rhetorical and institutional power advantages for the authority-holders explains why the regime was ratcheted up despite the widespread resistance of societal actors. Second, the chapter analyzes the European Central Bank’s (ECB) adoption of the role of a lender of last resort to sovereigns of the Eurozone. With the Securities Markets Programme in 2010, the ECB circumvented the monetary financing prohibition and began to intervene in the fiscal and economic policymaking of recipient states. While the Bank’s emergency measures were highly contentious, it successfully deployed arguments of necessity and functionality to stabilize and even ramp up its powers.

scholarly journals Local Alcohol Policy Implementation in Scotland: Understanding the Role of Accountability within Licensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Wright
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Specific Implementation

Scotland has been ambitious in its policy and legislative efforts to tackle alcohol-related harm, efforts which include the innovative feature of a ‘public health objective’ within local alcohol licensing. However, the persistence of alcohol-related harms and inequalities requires further examination of both the overarching Scottish alcohol strategy and its specific implementation. A qualitative case study was undertaken to explore how alcohol policy is implemented locally in Scotland, with data generated from (i) documentary analysis of 12 relevant policies, legislation, and guidance documents; and (ii) a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 54 alcohol policy implementers in three Scottish localities and nine national-level stakeholders. The data suggest there is a tension between the intentions of licensing legislation and the way it is enacted in practice, and that accountability emerges as an important factor for understanding why this occurs. In particular, there are a lack of accountability mechanisms acting upon Scottish Licensing Boards to ensure they contribute to the public health goals of the Scottish alcohol strategy. From a public health perspective, this has perpetuated a system in which Licensing Boards continue to act with autonomy from the rest of the alcohol policy implementation system, creating a challenge to the achievement of public health goals. Alcohol policy in Scotland is likely to fall short of intended goals as long as the tension between licensing legislation and enacted licensing practices remains.

Collective representation and the founders’ culture in non-profit organisations: the case of Israel’s national association for autism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitzan Rimon-Zarfaty ◽  
Aviad E. Raz ◽  
Bosmat Bar-Nadav ◽  
Ella Vaintropov
Keyword(s):  
Support Services ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
National Association ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Collective Representation ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Open Question

Non-profit organisations (NPOs) have increased in numbers and importance, providing support, services and advocacy. However, who non-profits actually represent is still an open question. To provide an empirical basis for scrutinising how the representational roles of autism advocacy NPOs change (or not) as they develop, in this article we focus on the case of Alut – the Israeli national association for autism. Drawing on documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews conducted in 2015–17 with members, service recipients and office holders, our findings demonstrate the important role of the founders’ culture in setting the NPO’s agenda – in Alut’s case, service provision prioritising ‘low-functioning’ autistic people. The role of the founders’ culture is further highlighted in the context of organisational gaps between the association’s actual agenda and its espoused messages regarding collective representation and advocacy. We conclude by discussing the contributions of the findings to debates on NPOs’ development and the maintenance of stability through representational styles.

Management controls for minimising risk in public-private partnerships in a developing country

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjith Appuhami ◽  
Sujatha Perera
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Control Pattern ◽  
Management Controls ◽  
Implementation Management ◽  
The Way

Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the use of management controls by a public partner to minimise risks associated with a public-private partnership (PPP) in a developing country. Design/methodology/approach Using case study method, management controls used in a power project formed as a PPP are examined based on data gathered from semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. Findings The study reveals that the public partner of the PPP used multiple controls depending on the nature of risks in different phases of the project. While bureaucratic control was the predominantly used control pattern throughout the three phases (namely, selecting, building and operating) of the PPP, trust-based controls also played an important role. Market controls on the other hand played, somewhat, a nominal role, particularly in the selecting phase of the project. The study also highlights the problematic nature of forming PPPs in developing countries despite the various benefits associated with such organisational arrangements. Additionally, the study provides insights into how certain contextual features of developing countries affect the way in which controls are applied. Practical implications The insights provided in this paper would be beneficial to policy makers, in developing countries in particular, when making decisions in relation to implementation, management and risk control of PPPs. Originality/value This study makes an original contribution to the existing literature on PPPs by examining the way in which management controls are used to minimise risk in a PPP in a developing country.

Transmitting competencies at universities in Kazakhstan: intellectual capital of teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulbakhyt Sultanova ◽  
Serik Svyatov ◽  
Nurzhan Ussenbayev
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Minimisation Problem

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure individual intellectual capital (IC) of academic staff as well as to test its impact on the employability readiness of future graduates and the reduction of the discrepancy between competencies developed and grades obtained with the help of two indicators, i.e. intellectual capital indicator (ICI) and employability readiness indicator (ERI). While ICI measures the level of a teacher’s competencies to be transmitted in the education process, ERI measures the level of a student’s competencies developed after completing relevant courses. Design/methodology/approach This is an empirical research carried out in the form of a case study. Regression model is applied to find the influence of ICI on ERI. The minimisation problem is set with relevant constraints to decrease the discrepancy between ERI and traditional grade point average (GPA). Findings The data were collected at one Kazakh university and from experts from academia and industry by means of documentary analysis, specialised tests and structured interviews. The direct impact of ICI on ERI is confirmed and the optimal level of ICI that permits an effective decrease in the discrepancy between ERI and GPA is identified. Research limitations/implications A longitudinal study covering more programmes is necessary to draw conclusions concerning causality. The application of ICI as a university’s management tool is shown. Originality/value The novelty of this study lies in providing a consistent and simple approach for calculating a teacher’s IC and its impact on a student’s employability readiness.

scholarly journals Public Funding of Higher Education and Student Access

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredua Kwasi-Agyeman
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Student Access ◽  
The Face ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Ghana

This study explores the question of how two public universities in Africa seek to improve student access, given the decline in public funding. Using resource dependence theory as a guide, qualitative approach via semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis are used to gather data to explore the study’s objective. To examine the reduction in public funding and student access, this study first examines the changes in public funding and student access at the University of the Western Cape and the University of Ghana from 2007 to 2016. This is followed by an analysis of factors that influence the changes in public funding, and their implications for student access at the two universities. The last to be explored is the actual strategies that the University of the Western Cape and the University of Ghana have employed to improve student access in the face of cutback in public funding. 

scholarly journals Networked G20 Governance of COVID-19 and its Transversal Crisis Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-68
Author(s):  
Jonathan Luckhurst ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Global North ◽  
New Evidence

In this article, the Group of 20’s (G20) networked pluralism and transversal policy practices in the governance of COVID-19 and the pandemic crisis effect are analyzed. The G20 is an important global governance hub, with the strategic capacities and authority to improve cooperation on the pandemic and economic recovery efforts. The forum’s increasingly pluralistic networkedgovernance processes have been crucial for recent shifts in global governance practices and authority. They were augmented by transversal consequences of the pandemic crisis effect, the latter denoting the consequences of new evidence during a crisis leading to a heightened perception of uncertainty and the repoliticization of background knowledge. The analysis combines a “practice-relational” social constructivist analytical approach with discourse-analytic and sociological insights. It integrates empirical evidence from semi-structured interviews, informal discussions, participant observation, and documentary analysis of G20 engagement on transversal policy dimensions of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially with its interlocutors and governance networks. This indicates the growing significance of networked G20 governance, involving engagement with increasingly pluralistic networks of actors from the Global North and Global South.

scholarly journals Ações afirmativas e estereótipos sociais: Desconstruindo o mito da inferioridade cotista

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Eloisio Moulin de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Quota Management ◽  
Management Students ◽  
Structural Inequalities

Affirmative action aimed at promoting access for groups considered minority to universities are important for combating structural inequalities and promoting social justice. However, in spite of their importance, affirmative actions are frequently questioned by certain social groups, especially socially privileged groups, who argue that such policies are not meritocratic, constituting stereotypes aimed at quota and non-quota students. Thus, this article analyzes the possible stereotypes directed to quota students attending the course of administration of a Brazilian federal university. For this, a qualitative research was carried out with the accomplishment of 38 semi-structured interviews with quota and non-quota management students and documentary analysis. It is observed in the students' discourse the construction of the myth of the intellectual and academic inferiority of quota students, constituting social stereotypes that base the construction of an essential identity on who the quota holders are. However, there are spaces for resistance and the documentary analysis of students' performance, as well as their discourses, deconstruct the myth of shareholder inferiority and the stereotypes attributed to them. Therefore, in order to avoid the construction of stereotypes it is argued that affirmative actions should be conceived within nonessential identity logic. 

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