From Intended Strategies to Unintended Outcomes: The Impact of Change Recipient Sensemaking

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1573-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Balogun ◽  
Gerry Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Managers ◽  
Strategic Change ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Planned Change ◽  
Change Implementation ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

The tendency for intended strategies to lead to unintended consequences is well documented. This longitudinal, real-time analysis of planned change implementation provides an explanation for this phenomenon. We focus on the social processes of interaction between middle managers as change recipients as they try to make sense of the change interventions. We show the extent to which lateral, informal processes of inter-recipient sensemaking contribute to both intended and unintended change outcomes, and therefore the unpredictable, emergent nature of strategic change. The findings raise the issue of the extent to which it is possible to manage evolving recipient interpretations during change implementation.

scholarly journals ‘What is infrastructure? What does it do?’: Anthropological perspectives on the workings of infrastructure(s)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lav Kanoi ◽  
Vanessa Koh ◽  
Al Lim ◽  
Shoko Yamada ◽  
Michael R. Dove
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Growing Body

Abstract Infrastructure is often thought of in big material terms: dams, buildings, roads, and so on. This study, instead, draws on literatures in anthropology and the social sciences to analyse infrastructures in relation to society and environment, and so cast current conceptions of infrastructure in a new light. Situating the analysis in context of President Biden’s recent infrastructure bill, the paper expands what is meant by and included in discussions of infrastructure. The study examines what it means for different kinds of material infrastructures to function (and for whom) or not, and also consider how the immaterial infrastructure of human relations are manifested in, for example, labour, as well as how infrastructures may create intended or unintended consequences in enabling or disabling social processes. Further, in this study, we examine concepts embedded in thinking about infrastructure such as often presumed distinctions between the technical and the social, nature and culture, the human and the non-human, and the urban and the rural, and how all of these are actually implicated in thinking about infrastructure. Our analysis, thus, draws from a growing body of work on infrastructure in anthropology and the social sciences, enriches it with ethnographic insights from our own field research, and so extends what it means to study ‘infrastructures’ in the 21st century.

Debunking Health Misinformation on Social Media: The Challenge of Dynamic Conversations (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mourali ◽  
Carly Drake
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Expert ◽  
Health Related ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Extended Exposure ◽  
False Claim

BACKGROUND The spread of false and misleading health information on social media can cause individual and social harm. Research on debunking has shown that properly designed corrections can mitigate the impact of misinformation, but little is known about the impact of correction in the context of prolonged social media debates. For example, when a social media user takes to Facebook to make a false claim about a health-related practice, and a health expert subsequently refutes the claim, the conversation rarely ends there. Often, the social media user proceeds by rebuking the critic and doubling down on the claim. OBJECTIVE The present research examines the impact of such extended back and forth between false claims and debunking attempts on observers’ dispositions toward behavior that science favors. We test competing predictions about the effect of extended exposure on people’s attitudes and intentions toward masking in public during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic and explore several psychological processes potentially underlying this effect. METHODS Five hundred US residents took part in an online experiment in October 2020. They reported on their attitudes and intentions toward wearing masks in public. Then, they were randomly assigned to one of four social media exposure conditions (misinformation only vs. misinformation + correction vs. misinformation + correction + rebuke vs. misinformation + correction + rebuke + second correction) and reported their attitudes and intentions for a second time. They also indicated whether they would consider sharing the thread if they were to see it on social media and answered questions on potential mediators and covariates. RESULTS Exposure to misinformation has a negative impact on attitudes and intentions toward masking. Moreover, initial debunking of a false claim generally improves attitudes and intentions toward masking. However, this improvement is washed out by further exposure to false claims and debunking attempts. The latter result is partially explained by a decrease in the perceived objectivity of truth. That is, extended exposure to false claims and debunking attempts appears to weaken belief that there is an objectively correct answer to how people ought to behave in this situation, which in turn leads to less positive reactions toward masking as the prescribed behavior. CONCLUSIONS Health professionals and science advocates face an underappreciated challenge in attempting to debunk misinformation on social media. While engaging in extended debates with science deniers and other purveyors of bunk appears necessary, more research is needed to address the unintended consequences of such engagement.

Using social network theory to elucidate the impact of diversity on the social processes in design

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Torres ◽  
Carla B. Zoltowski ◽  
Patrice M. Buzzanell ◽  
Megan Kenny Feister ◽  
William C. Oakes
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Comparative Modelling of the Social Processes of Leadership in Work Units

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Parry
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Theory Method ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThis research tests the extent to which the social processes of leadership, as derived from the full grounded theory method, may be tapping constructs other than those measured by existing measures of transformational leadership. The impact on work unit outcomes of two measures of transformational leadership and the social processes of leadership scale (SPL) were tested. Comparative structural equation modelling was undertaken. It was found that, with one exception – ‘active management processes’, normally classified as transactional management – measures of transformational leadership are probably pre-existing measures of the social processes of leadership in organisations. The use of the grounded theory method to research leadership is supported. Hierarchy of Abstraction Modelling is useful as a training tool and as a representation of research findings.

scholarly journals SOCIO-CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION IN POST-SOVIET UKRAINE

Skhid ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
VOLODYMYR SKVORETS ◽  
IGOR KUDINOV
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
General Context ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The relevance of the research problem is that the understanding of socio-cultural transformation allows us to identify social processes that affect the functioning of post-Soviet Ukrainian society. The research subject is the social processes that determine the content and nature of socio-cultural transformation of post-Soviet Ukrainian society. The purpose of the article is to comprehend the impact of socio-cultural changes on the functioning of post-Soviet Ukrainian society. The methodology of the socio-cultural transformation research is based on the use of systematic, logical, historical, dialectical and socio-cultural approaches and methods. The results of scientific research. In post-Soviet Ukraine, the general context of socio-cultural change is due to the implementation of market reforms that have led to privatization, deindustrialization, mass marginalization, transition to a liberal state and depopulation. These processes have led to socio-cultural changes in the lives of Ukrainian citizens. There were important changes in the social sphere, the social structure of the population, the distribution of national wealth, which changed the direction of its movement from the dominance of social development to the predominance of social degradation. There was a change in the social matrix of society’s reproduction: there was a transition from the dominance of the middle classes’ culture to the spread of the culture of the poor, the main feature of which is the struggle for survival. The essence of the socio-cultural transformation of post-Soviet Ukrainian society is the transition from the absolutism of the state to the absolutism of the market, which means the transformation of everything possible into a commodity, and the dominance of commodity-money relations in all spheres of public life. This transition was accompanied by a change in the historical and cultural type of human personality, commercialization, deprofessionalization, as well as the primitivization of public administration. Changes in the culture’s state have complicated the reproduction of society as a whole. The Soviet way of life has been dismantled, and the failure of the social matrix indicates that a new way of life in post-Soviet Ukraine has not yet been formed, and therefore socio-cultural transformation must be aimed at its formation. The practical value of the results lies in substantiating the content of socio-cultural transformation in post-Soviet Ukraine and its impact on the functioning of society.

scholarly journals Political and legal Manipulation as a Psychological Phenomenon and a Scientific Category

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-180
Author(s):  
A.V. Malko ◽  
V.V. Subochev
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Expediency ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Selection Of

The article attempts to justify and introduce the scientific term of "political and legal manipulation" that will make it possible to reach a new level of discussion of closely coupled psychological, political and legal means influencing the public consciousness. It is maintained that the term under discussion offers a kind of a methodological stepping stone in the research of the two most important aspects of a far-reaching process of political and legal influence on social processes: a) legal mechanisms, tools, tricks and techniques of carrying out certain political manipulations; b) the impact of political expediency on the law itself, on the processes of lawmaking, implementation and interpretation of law within nations of the world. Political and legal manipulation is viewed as a form of psychological impact on the social relations combining psychological, political and legal means. The article studies in detail the nature, essence and indicators of political and legal manipulation, its main goals and objectives, as well as the selection of tools that lends such a specific character to this kind of manipulation.

scholarly journals The impact of co-circulating pathogens on SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Surveillance How concurrent epidemics may introduce bias and decrease the observed SARS-CoV-2 percent positivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kovacevic ◽  
Rosalind M Eggo ◽  
Marc Baguelin ◽  
Matthieu Domenech de Cellès ◽  
Lulla Opatowski
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Percent Positivity ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Circulation of seasonal non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses with syndromic overlap during the COVID-19 pandemic may alter quality of COVID-19 surveillance, with possible consequences for real-time analysis and delay in implementation of control measures. Methods Using a multi-pathogen Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) transmission model formalizing co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 and another respiratory virus, we assess how an outbreak of secondary virus may affect two COVID-19 surveillance indicators: testing demand and positivity. Using simulation, we assess to what extent the use of multiplex PCR tests on a subsample of symptomatic individuals can help correct of the observed SARS-CoV-2 percent positivity and improve surveillance quality. Results We find that a non-SARS-CoV-2 epidemic strongly increases SARS-CoV-2 daily testing demand and artificially reduces the observed SARS-CoV-2 percent positivity for the duration of the outbreak. We estimate that performing one multiplex test for every 1,000 COVID-19 tests on symptomatic individuals could be sufficient to maintain surveillance of other respiratory viruses in the population and correct the observed SARS-CoV-2 percent positivity. Conclusions This study highlights that co-circulating respiratory viruses can distort SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. Correction of the positivity rate can be achieved by using multiplex PCR tests, and a low number of samples is sufficient to avoid bias in SARS-CoV-2 surveillance.

scholarly journals The impact of co-circulating pathogens on SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 surveillance. How concurrent epidemics may decrease true SARS-CoV-2 percent positivity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kovacevic ◽  
Rosalind M Eggo ◽  
Marc Baguelin ◽  
Matthieu Domenech de Cellès ◽  
Lulla Opatowski
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Percent Positivity ◽  
The Impact

Background: Circulation of non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic may alter quality of COVID-19 surveillance, with possible consequences for real-time analysis and delay in implementation of control measures. Here, we assess the impact of an increased circulation of other respiratory viruses on the monitoring of positivity rates of SARS-CoV-2 and interpretation of surveillance data. Methods: Using a multi-pathogen Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) transmission model formalizing co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 and another respiratory we assess how an outbreak of secondary virus may inflate the number of SARS-CoV-2 tests and affect the interpretation of COVID-19 surveillance data. Using simulation, we assess to what extent the use of multiplex PCR tests on a subsample of symptomatic individuals can support correction of the observed SARS-CoV-2 percent positive during other virus outbreaks and improve surveillance quality. Results: Model simulations demonstrated that a non-SARS-CoV-2 epidemic creates an artificial decrease in the observed percent positivity of SARS-CoV-2, with stronger effect during the growth phase, until the peak is reached. We estimate that performing one multiplex test for every 1,000 COVID-19 tests on symptomatic individuals could be sufficient to maintain surveillance of other respiratory viruses in the population and correct the observed SARS-CoV-2 percent positive. Conclusions: This study highlights that co-circulating respiratory viruses can disrupt SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. Correction of the positivity rate can be achieved by using multiplex PCR, and a low number of samples is sufficient to avoid bias in SARS-CoV-2 surveillance.

Comparative Modelling of the Social Processes of Leadership in Work Units

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Parry
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Theory Method ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThis research tests the extent to which the social processes of leadership, as derived from the full grounded theory method, may be tapping constructs other than those measured by existing measures of transformational leadership. The impact on work unit outcomes of two measures of transformational leadership and the social processes of leadership scale (SPL) were tested. Comparative structural equation modelling was undertaken. It was found that, with one exception – ‘active management processes’, normally classified as transactional management – measures of transformational leadership are probably pre-existing measures of the social processes of leadership in organisations. The use of the grounded theory method to research leadership is supported. Hierarchy of Abstraction Modelling is useful as a training tool and as a representation of research findings.

An Interactive Minicomputer Program for the Indexing and Simulation of Electron Diffraction Patterns

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 542-543
Author(s):  
R.P. Goehner ◽  
W.T. Hatfield ◽  
Prakash Rao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
One Step ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Computer programs are now available in various laboratories for the indexing and simulation of transmission electron diffraction patterns. Although these programs address themselves to the solution of various aspects of the indexing and simulation process, the ultimate goal is to perform real time diffraction pattern analysis directly off of the imaging screen of the transmission electron microscope. The program to be described in this paper represents one step prior to real time analysis. It involves the combination of two programs, described in an earlier paper(l), into a single program for use on an interactive basis with a minicomputer. In our case, the minicomputer is an INTERDATA 70 equipped with a Tektronix 4010-1 graphical display terminal and hard copy unit.A simplified flow diagram of the combined program, written in Fortran IV, is shown in Figure 1. It consists of two programs INDEX and TEDP which index and simulate electron diffraction patterns respectively. The user has the option of choosing either the indexing or simulating aspects of the combined program.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document