scholarly journals Comparing the Slider Measure of Social Value Orientation with Its Main Alternatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 019027252110089
Author(s):  
Dieko M. Bakker ◽  
Jacob Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Discrete Measure ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Random Responses

The Slider Measure of social value orientation (SVO) was introduced as an improvement from existing measures. We conduct an independent assessment of its suitability compared with the Ring Measure and the Triple Dominance Measure. Using a student sample, we assess the measures’ test-retest reliability (N = 88; using a longer time interval than previous studies) and sensitivity to random responses. Analyses pertaining to convergent validity, criterion validity, and the advantages of a continuous over a discrete measure are presented in the online appendix . Compared with alternatives, the Slider Measure has the highest test-retest reliability. However, it classifies random responses in an unbalanced way, assigning the vast majority of random responses to cooperative and individualistic, rather than altruistic and competitive, orientations. For all three measures, we propose improved ways of weeding out inconsistent responses.

THE OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE INVENTORY: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES IN A NONCLINICAL STUDENT SAMPLE

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Simonds ◽  
Susan J. Thorpe ◽  
Sandra A. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
Adequate Test ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The psychometric properties of a new scale, the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (OCI; Foa, Kozak, Salkovskis, Coles, & Amir, 1998), were examined in a nonclinical student sample. The study was a partial replication of the original validation study by Foa et al. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and convergent validity were examined using a sample of 126 undergraduate psychology students. Statistical analyses (Pearson's r and Cronbach's alpha) indicated adequate test-retest reliability for the full scales and subscales (coefficients ranging from 0.69 to 0.88) and high internal consistency (all coefficients exceeding 0.7). Convergent validity with the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory (MOCI; Hodgson & Rachman, 1977) was adequate for the full scales and for the Washing and Checking subscales (coefficients ranging from 0.61 to 0.75). The OCI is a useful supplement to existing self-report measures of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology.

Theories and Measurement Methods of Social Value Orientation Related to Decision Making

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen ZHANG ◽  
Fan ZHANG ◽  
Liang HUANG ◽  
Bo YUAN ◽  
Yiwen WANG
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Value Orientation

scholarly journals Social Value Orientation Modulates Fairness Processing During Social Decision-Making: Evidence From Behavior and Brain Potentials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinmu Hu ◽  
Xiaoqin Mai
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ultimatum Game ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Social Decision ◽  
Frontal Negativity ◽  
Social Decision Making

Abstract Social value orientation (SVO) characterizes stable individual differences by an inherent sense of fairness in outcome allocations. Using the event-related potential (ERP), this study investigated differences in fairness decision-making behavior and neural bases between individuals with prosocial and proself orientations using the Ultimatum Game (UG). Behavioral results indicated that prosocials were more prone to rejecting unfair offers with stronger negative emotional reactions compared with proselfs. ERP results revealed that prosocials showed a larger P2 when receiving fair offers than unfair ones in a very early processing stage, whereas such effect was absent in proselfs. In later processing stages, although both groups were sensitive to fairness as reflected by an enhanced medial frontal negativity (MFN) for unfair offers and a larger P3 for fair offers, prosocials exhibited a stronger fairness effect on these ERP components relative to proselfs. Furthermore, the fairness effect on the MFN mediated the SVO effect on rejecting unfair offers. Findings regarding emotional experiences, behavioral patterns, and ERPs provide compelling evidence that SVO modulates fairness processing in social decision-making, whereas differences in neural responses to unfair vs. fair offers as evidenced by the MFN appear to play important roles in the SVO effect on behavioral responses to unfairness.

scholarly journals Test–retest reliability and convergent validity of the test of nonverbal intelligence-fourth edition in patients with schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Wei Chen ◽  
Ya-Chen Lee ◽  
Tzu-Ying Yu ◽  
Li-Jung Cheng ◽  
Chien-Yu Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Practice Effect ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Random Measurement Error ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Fluid intelligence deficits affect executive functioning and social behaviors in patients with schizophrenia. To help clinicians manage fluid intelligence deficits, a psychometrically sound measure is needed. The purposes of this study were to examine the test–retest reliability and convergent validity of the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence-Fourth Edition (TONI-4) assessing fluid intelligence in patients with schizophrenia. Methods A total of 103 patients with stable condition were assessed with the TONI-4 twice with a 4-week interval to examine the test–retest reliability. We further used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Tablet-Based Symbol Digit Modalities Test (T-SDMT) to examine the convergent validity of the TONI-4. Results The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.73 for the TONI-4. The percentages of standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change for the TONI-4 were 5.1 and 14.2%, respectively. The practice effect of the TONI-4 was small (Cohen’s d = − 0.03). Convergent validity showed small to moderate significant correlations between the TONI-4 and the MoCA as well as the T-SDMT (r = 0.35, p = .011 with the T-SDMT and r = 0.61, p < .001 with the MoCA). The results demonstrated that the TONI-4 had good test–retest reliability, limited random measurement error, and a trivial practice effect. The convergent validity of the TONI-4 was good. Conclusions These findings indicate that the TONI-4 has potential to be a reliable and valid assessment of fluid intelligence in patients with schizophrenia.

Validity and reliability of the Mandarin version of the Treatment Burden Questionnaire among stroke patients in Mainland China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Jiaxin Gu ◽  
Xintong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Treatment Burden ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Objectives To examine the validity and reliability of the Mandarin version of the Treatment Burden Questionnaire (TBQ) among stroke patients. Background Stroke patients need long-term management of symptoms and life situation, and treatment burden has recently emerged as a new concept that can influence the health outcomes during the rehabilitation process. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to recruit 187 cases of stroke patients in a tertiary grade hospital in Tianjin for a formal investigation. Item analysis, reliability and validity tests were carried out. The reliability test included internal consistency and test–retest reliability. And as well as content, structure and convergent validity were performed for the validity test. Results Of the 187 completed questionnaires, only 180 (96.3%) were suitable for analysis. According to the experts’ evaluation, the I-CVI of each item was from 0.833 to 1.000, and the S-CVI was 0.967. The exploratory factor analysis yielded three-factor components with a cumulative variation of 53.054%. Convergent validity was demonstrated using measures of Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale 8 (r = –0.450, P &lt; 0.01). All correlations between items and global scores ranged from 0.403 to 0.638. Internal consistency reliability and test–retest reliability were found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Cronbach’s α of 0.824 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.846, respectively. Conclusions The Mandarin TBQ had acceptable validity and reliability. The use of TBQ in the assessment of treatment burden of stroke survivor may benefit health resources allocation and provide tailor therapeutic interventions to construct minimally disruptive care.

Individuele verschillen in graaigedrag

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaike Jongenelen ◽  
Roos Vonk
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
High Power ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Equal Share ◽  
Power Scale ◽  
Role Playing Game

Individual differences in money-grabbing: The role of entitlement, social value orientation, and misuse of power Individual differences in money-grabbing: The role of entitlement, social value orientation, and misuse of power M. Jongenelen & R. Vonk, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 20, November 2007, nr. 4, pp. 369-381 This research investigates the role of individual differences in money-grabbing. Feelings of entitlement, high scores on the Misuse of Power scale and a pro-self focus were expected to lead to grabbing behaviour in high-power individuals. While playing a manager in a role-playing game, participants had the opportunity to grab more valuable points then their equal share. Results showed that pro-self participants grabbed more than pro-socials. Among the pro-self participants, feelings of entitlement led to higher Misuse of Power scores which, in turn, led to more grabbing. Entitlement en Misuse of Power had no effect on grabbing in pro-socials. It is concluded that power does not corrupt absolutely: Individual differences predict how a powerful person will behave. Implications for business settings are dealt with in the discussion.

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