scholarly journals Division of Childcare Leave among Parents of Children with a Serious Illness

2020 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2094074
Author(s):  
Sofia Hjelmstedt ◽  
Scott Montgomery ◽  
Lotta Nybergh ◽  
Ida Hed Myrberg ◽  
Annika Lindahl Norberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Income Development ◽  
Seriously Ill ◽  
Reference Cohort

Balancing work and family may be particularly challenging for parents of seriously ill children. This Swedish registry-based study, including 2,788 parents of children with cancer and a matched reference cohort of 27,110 parents, used regression models to analyze the division of childcare, measured as use of temporary parental leave (TPL), and how it relates to income division within couples and change in income over time. The results show that the number of days on TPL increased significantly following a child’s cancer diagnosis, particularly among mothers. Fathers’ share of the couple’s total income was not found to be a strong predictor of the division of TPL, and no association was found between TPL and income development. The study highlights the considerable time needed to care for a seriously ill child, unevenly distributed between mothers and fathers, and suggests that factors other than economic resources may influence the division of childcare responsibility.

scholarly journals Fathers on Leave: Experiences of Middle-Class Fathers on Parental Leave in the City of Zagreb

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-413
Author(s):  
Mirna Varga
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Initial Decision ◽  
Leave Policy ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into

Parental leave reforms that aimed at higher father’s involvement in childcare began in the 1970s. However, the number of fathers who took parental leave increased only in the 1990s when Scandinavian countries began introducing father’s quotas or paternity leaves, that is, earmarked leave periods to be used by fathers or otherwise lost. Croatia introduced the two-month father’s quota as late as in 2013. Although the reform did not contribute to a sudden increase in the number of fathers on parental leave, there is always a steady, albeit small, number of fathers taking up leave. This article aims to provide an insight into fathers’ experiences on parental leave in Croatia. Relying on interviews with 11 middle-class fathers in the City of Zagreb, the article explores father’s motives for taking leave, their experience regarding the initial decision and the procedure of exercising their right to leave and their experience of being on leave. Results suggest that the fathers were very eager to use their right to leave and spend time with their children. They mostly used longer leaves (more than 3 months) and the experience of being home alone with the child made the fathers learn new skills in relation to childcare and housework, but also rethink their relation to work and family. Key words: parental leave policy, parental leave, father’s quotas, fathers’ experiences, Croatia

Looking at the Child Care Landscape

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-181
Author(s):  
Joan Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
The United States ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Child Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Introductory Paper

This introductory paper has a threefold purpose: (1) to provide an overview of the various types of child care, any or all of which may be found in an individual American community; (2) to present some terminology that may be used repeatedly in the papers of this supplement; and (3) to begin to discuss the role of the medical community in child care. OVERVIEW OF CHILD CARE This topic may best be explored by discussing the process new parents go through to select child care and by describing some of the obstacles they may face. For those readers who are from the child care community, and therefore familiar with this information, these are problems that can be shared with the medical community in your area. Expectant parents may not begin to think about care until after their baby is born. It is often hard to anticipate the issues related to balancing work and family life until you are actually in the situation. Child care may not be included as a topic in childbirth classes, even though that is probably the first place that the options should be discussed. Once the child is born, a decision may have to be made within the first few weeks after birth, because parental leave is, unfortunately, not guaranteed in the United States. Parents may turn to the pediatrician for advice, but most often they talk with neighbors and friends about child care options. A growing number of parents are beginning to use local Child Care Resource and Referral organizations, which provide consumer education and referral to parents, as well as support and resources to child care providers, policy makers, and the private sector.

scholarly journals Both Parents Working: Challenges and Strains in Managing the Reconciliation of Career and Family Life in Dual-Career Families. Empirical Evidence from Austria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerlinde Mauerer
Keyword(s):  
Parental Leave ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Dual Career ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Family Policies ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Male Breadwinner

The presented empirical data analysis aims to shed light on the persistence of gender inequalities in sharing parenting responsibilities and addresses possible improvements for realising gender equality. In recent decades, family policies in the European Union have targeted the increase of men’s shares in parental leave (= paternal leave) as well as women’s participation in the labour market. Following the results of the Lisbon Treaty in 2000, many EU member states including Austria introduced non-transferable fathers’ quotas in their regulations on parental leave. Subsequently, the share of men on parental leave increased. Nevertheless, both in number and duration, men’s childcare allowance claims have remained lower than women’s claims. This paper investigates shared parental leave practices based on 36 interviews with fathers on paternal leave, and 14 follow-up interviews with parents after paternal leave. The qualitative data reveal the challenges that arise when both parents are faced with reconciling work and family during and after parental leave. Although the data showed that progress has been made in reducing gender inequality, the interviews make clear that employers’ attitudes perpetuate traditional gendered expectations of parental leave claims and still focus on images of a male breadwinner. Also, the distribution of gainful and family work reveals gender inequalities. The paper therefore discusses challenges that arise in the realisation of current gender and family policies in order to provide a basis for making changes that further enhance the opportunities for dual-career couples within the organisation of parental leave laws.

Final Thoughts (DRAFT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Macauley
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Emotional Challenges ◽  
Seriously Ill Patients ◽  
External Forces ◽  
The Right ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Seriously Ill

It is not enough to know how to respond to ethical dilemmas in palliative care. Sufficient resources are required to implement the nuanced approach to ethical dilemmas presented in this textbook. In the developed world, there exists a profound shortage of palliative care clinicians, as well as regulatory barriers which may impede the provision of optimal palliative care. The situation is far more serious in the developing world, where access to symptomatic medications may be severely restricted due to lack of economic resources or bureaucratic barriers. Even when a qualified team is available and necessary tools are at hand, the emotional challenges inherent in caring for seriously ill patients may negatively impact team dynamics. This is particularly true in situations where members of the team believe they know what the “right” thing to do is, but external forces prevent them from doing it, thus causing moral distress.

scholarly journals Policy reform and fathers’ use of parental leave in Germany: The role of education and workplace characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Geisler ◽  
Michaela Kreyenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Temporary Work ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Public Sector Employment ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
German Microcensus

The introduction of the parental leave benefit scheme in 2007 is widely regarded as a landmark reform that has shifted the German welfare state towards a model that better supports work and family life compatibility. In this article, we investigate whether and how this reform has affected men’s use of parental leave based on data from the German microcensus of 1999–2012. We find that parental leave usage has increased across all educational levels, but the shift has been strongest for university-educated fathers. Public sector employment is beneficial for men’s uptake of leave, while self-employment and temporary work lowers fathers’ chances of taking leave. The parental leave reform has not affected these associations much.

Multilevel influences of women’s empowerment and economic resources on risky sexual behaviour among young women in Zomba district, Malawi

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Melissa Ward-Peterson ◽  
Kristopher Fennie ◽  
Sarah Baird ◽  
Stefany Coxe ◽  
Mary Jo Trepka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
School Level ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Secondary School Level ◽  
Age Factor

Abstract Gender disparities are pronounced in Zomba district, Malawi. Among women aged 15–49 years, HIV prevalence is 16.8%, compared with 9.3% among men of the same age. Complex structural factors are associated with risky sexual behaviour leading to HIV infection. This study’s objective was to explore associations between multilevel measures of economic resources and women’s empowerment with risky sexual behaviour among young women in Zomba. Four measures of risky sexual behaviour were examined: ever had sex, condom use and two indices measuring age during sexual activity and partner history. Multilevel regression models and regression models with cluster-robust standard errors were used to estimate associations, stratified by school enrolment status. Among the schoolgirl stratum, the percentage of girls enrolled in school at the community level had protective associations with ever having sex (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.96) and condom use (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.11). Belief in the right to refuse sex was protective against ever having sex (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.96). Participants from households with no secondary school education had higher odds of ever having sex (OR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.22). Among the dropout stratum, participants who had not achieved a secondary school level of education had riskier Age Factor and Partner History Factor scores (β = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.79, and β = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.41, respectively). Participants from households without a secondary school level of education had riskier Age Factor scores (β = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.48). Across strata, the most consistent variables associated with risky sexual behaviour were those related to education, including girl’s level of education, highest level of education of her household of origin and the community percentage of girls enrolled in school. These results suggest that programmes seeking to reduce risky sexual behaviour among young women in Malawi should consider the role of improving access to education at multiple levels.

Retaining Women Air Force Officers: Work, Family, Career Satisfaction, and Intentions

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika L. King ◽  
Diana DiNitto ◽  
Christopher Salas-Wright ◽  
David Snowden
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Career Intentions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Work Factors ◽  
Family Types ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Female Officers

Despite efforts to improve women’s military representation, mid-career female officers attrit at twice the rate of male peers. Research and theory suggest women’s turnover is influenced by family life including marriage and parenthood. But previous research has grouped women together, failing to extrapolate which factors influence retention of women with different family types. Thus, this study explored a single career point (mid-career) at different family intersections (married, unmarried, with, and without children) to elucidate work and family factors associated with female officers’ retention decisions. Using 2011 Air Force survey data ( n = 1,309), regression models tested four hypotheses regarding work and family factors associated with different subgroups’ military life satisfaction and career intentions. Findings indicate that after accounting for satisfaction, work factors were insignificant for all subgroups, but family factors (as hypothesized) were significantly associated with married women’s career intentions. Results suggest that policies targeting family support/satisfaction may improve retention.

Women, Work and Industrial Relations in 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Baird ◽  
Sue Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Pay Equity ◽  
Corporate Leadership ◽  
Women And Work ◽  
Workforce Policy ◽  
Paid Parental Leave

Interest in women and work issues continued throughout 2010, with attention turning to the implementation of policies and utilization of the Fair Work Act to improve the position of Australian women in the workforce. Policy development continued for paid parental leave, with the new scheme launched in October 2010 and payments commencing from 1 January 2011. Together with the Fair Work Act, a new policy base around work and family has been established. The year 2010 was also marked by a focus on matters relating to pay equity, sexual harassment and the lack of women in corporate leadership roles.

scholarly journals Work Life and Family Life Collide: Online Support for New Fathers

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Salzmann-Erikson
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Worker Attitudes ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Private Lives ◽  
Reasonable Accommodations ◽  
Internet Forums

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze online discussions about parental leave in relation to the work lives and private lives of new fathers. A netnographic study of nearly 100 discussion threads from a freely accessible online forum for fathers was conducted. Data were coded, sorted, and categorized by qualitative similarities and differences. The results of the study indicate that new fathers seek Internet forums to discuss work-related topics. Parental leave can provoke worries and anxiety related to management and co-worker attitudes which can create concern that they should be back at work. The results are presented in two categories: (a) attitudes expressed by employers and colleagues and (b) leaving work but longing to be back. The phenomenon of parental leave for fathers is more complex than simply “for” or “against” attitudes. Fathers can use Internet forums to discuss their experiences, fears, and anxiety and provide reasonable accommodations for both work and family life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document