Randomized Trials of Nurse-Delivered Interventions in Weight Management Research: A Systematic Review

The purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether nurse-delivered weight management interventions improve weight outcomes across the life span. We conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO electronic databases. We graded the trials using an adapted Jadad approach for methodological quality. The search identified a total of 1,159 citations; 23 articles from 20 studies were eligible for this review. Sixty-five percent of the studies reported significant findings related to body mass index (BMI) or weight reduction. Studies that were particularly successful at helping participants reduce weight and/or BMI involved nurses engaged in health promotion activities, operating within multidisciplinary teams and/or providing consultations, physical activity education, and coaching over the phone. Of the studies that involved long-term follow-up assessments, three out of nine studies showed a significant loss in weight or BMI between the intervention and control groups at follow-up times ranging from 12 months to 2 years.

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The impact of adult weight management interventions on mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Obesity Abstracts ◽

10.1530/obabs.01.p7 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca Jones ◽

Emma Lawlor ◽

Simon Griffin ◽

Sluijs Esther van ◽

Amy Ahern

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Weight Management ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adult Weight ◽

Management Interventions ◽

The Impact

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Exercise interventions in lateral elbow tendinopathy have better outcomes than passive interventions, but the effects are small: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 2123 subjects in 30 trials

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2020-102525 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bjsports-2020-102525

Author(s):

Stefanos Karanasios ◽

Vasileios Korakakis ◽

Rod Whiteley ◽

Ioannis Vasilogeorgis ◽

Sarah Woodbridge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Short Term ◽

Lateral Elbow ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Wait And See ◽

Lateral Elbow Tendinopathy

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of exercise compared with other conservative interventions in the management of lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) on pain and function.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe used the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool 2 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to assess risk of bias and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology to grade the certainty of evidence. Self-perceived improvement, pain intensity, pain-free grip strength (PFGS) and elbow disability were used as primary outcome measures.Eligibility criteriaRCTs assessing the effectiveness of exercise alone or as an additive intervention compared with passive interventions, wait-and-see or injections in patients with LET.Results30 RCTs (2123 participants, 5 comparator interventions) were identified. Exercise outperformed (low certainty) corticosteroid injections in all outcomes at all time points except short-term pain reduction. Clinically significant differences were found in PFGS at short-term (mean difference (MD): 12.15, (95% CI) 1.69 to 22.6), mid-term (MD: 22.45, 95% CI 3.63 to 41.3) and long-term follow-up (MD: 18, 95% CI 11.17 to 24.84). Statistically significant differences (very low certainty) for exercise compared with wait-and-see were found only in self-perceived improvement at short-term, pain reduction and elbow disability at short-term and long-term follow-up. Substantial heterogeneity in descriptions of equipment, load, duration and frequency of exercise programmes were evident.ConclusionsLow and very low certainty evidence suggests exercise is effective compared with passive interventions with or without invasive treatment in LET, but the effect is small.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018082703.

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Implementation Intentions to Reduce Smoking: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntaa235 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Charlotte J Hagerman ◽

Rebecca K Hoffman ◽

Sruthi Vaylay ◽

Tonya Dodge

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Implementation Intentions ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Implementation Intention ◽

Promising Tool ◽

Current Systematic Review ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Positive Effect

Abstract Implementation intentions are a goal-setting technique in which an individual commits to perform a particular behavior when a specific context arises. Recently, researchers have begun studying how implementation intention (II) interventions can facilitate antismoking efforts. The current systematic review synthesized results of experimental studies that tested the effect of an II intervention on smoking cognitions and behavior. Of 29 reviewed articles, 11 studies met inclusion criteria. Nine studies (81.8%) tested an II intervention as a cessation tool for current smokers, whereas two tested II interventions as a tool to prevent smoking among predominantly nonsmoking adolescents. A majority of the studies (66.7%) testing II interventions as a cessation tool reported a positive effect on cessation at long-term follow-up. Of the two studies testing II interventions as a tool for prevention, one study found a positive effect on long-term follow-up. Methodology varied between the studies, highlighting the discrepancies between what researchers consider “implementation intentions” to be. II interventions are a promising tool for antismoking efforts, but more research is necessary to determine the best methodology and the populations for whom this intervention will be most effective. Implications Brief, free, and easily scalable, II interventions to prevent smoking are highly attractive for antismoking efforts. This review outlines the circumstances under which II interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in helping people resist smoking cigarettes. We illuminate gaps in the existing literature, limitations, methodological discrepancies between studies, and areas for future study.

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A randomized trial of levamisole versus placebo as adjuvant therapy in malignant melanoma.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1991.9.5.736 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 736-740 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

L E Spitler

Keyword(s):

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Adjuvant Therapy ◽

Randomized Trial ◽

Control Groups ◽

Disease Free Interval ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

And Control

We conducted a long-term follow-up (median, 10.5 years) of patients included in a randomized trial of levamisole versus placebo as surgical adjuvant therapy in 203 patients with malignant melanoma. Of the patients randomized, 104 received levamisole, and 99 received placebo. The results show that there is no difference between the treatment and control groups with regard to any of the three end points analyzed. These included disease-free interval, time to appearance of visceral metastasis, and survival. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the treatment and control groups after adjusting for age, sex, or stage of disease.

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Exploring the evidence base for Tier 3 weight management interventions for adults: a systematic review

Clinical Obesity ◽

10.1111/cob.12204 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 260-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

T. J. Brown ◽

C. O'Malley ◽

J. Blackshaw ◽

V. Coulton ◽

A. Tedstone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Weight Management ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Management Interventions ◽

Tier 3

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Long-term follow-up and objective physical activity measurements of community-based physical interventions in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32893-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 394 ◽

pp. S96

Author(s):

Charlotte Wahlich ◽

Umar A R Chaudhry ◽

Rebecca Fortescue ◽

Derek G Cook ◽

Shashi Hirani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Community Based ◽

Activity Measurements ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Do weight management interventions delivered by online social networks effectively improve body weight, body composition, and chronic disease risk factors? A systematic review

Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare ◽

10.1177/1357633x16630846 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 263-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Erik A Willis ◽

Amanda N Szabo-Reed ◽

Lauren T Ptomey ◽

Felicia L Steger ◽

Jeffery J Honas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Social Networks ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Management ◽

Online Social Networks ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Primary Source ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Management Interventions

Introduction Currently, no systematic review/meta-analysis has examined studies that used online social networks (OSN) as a primary intervention platform. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of weight management interventions delivered through OSN. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched (January 1990–November 2015) for studies with data on the effect of OSNs on weight loss. Only primary source articles that utilized OSN as the main platform for delivery of weight management/healthy lifestyle interventions, were published in English language peer-reviewed journals, and reported outcome data on weight were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. Five articles were included in this review. Results One-hundred percent of the studies ( n = 5) reported a reduction in baseline weight. Three of the five studies (60%) reported significant decreases in body weight when OSN was paired with health educator support. Only one study reported a clinical significant weight loss of ≥5%. Conclusion Using OSN for weight management is in its early stages of development and, while these few studies show promise, more research is needed to acquire information about optimizing these interventions to increase their efficacy.

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