scholarly journals Pediatric Hearing Loss Management in the COVID-19 Era: Possible Consequences and Resources for the Next Future

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110126
Author(s):  
Davide Brotto ◽  
Flavia Sorrentino ◽  
Niccolò Favaretto ◽  
Roberto Bovo ◽  
Patrizia Trevisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Surgical Timing ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pediatric Hearing Loss ◽  
Over Time

Pediatric hearing loss early diagnosis and treatment have been limited by the current restrictions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The difficulty in accessing the multiple facilities required for the rehabilitative process is influencing the timing of each step of the process. Auditory hearing screening programs, etiological characterization, surgical timing, and speech therapies have all been limited in the past year. The current conditions have forced us to adopt different strategies to overcome the necessary social distancing prescriptions. Although their efficacy should be proved over time, some of these resources will be probably useful even in a nonpandemic future.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of newborn hearing screening program in Zahedan: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 2067-2071
Author(s):  
Gholam-Ali Dashti Khavidaki ◽  
Reza Gharibi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Newborn Hearing Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Newborn Hearing

Introduction: Hearing loss is one of the most common congenital disorders. The prevalence of this disorder in different communities has been reported between 3.5 to 9 percent, which can have adverse effects on language learning, communication, and education of children. Also, early diagnosis of this disorder in newborns is not possible without the use of hearing screening. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of newborn hearing screening programs in Zahedan. Method: In this cross-sectional observational study, all babies born in the maternity hospitals of Zahedan city (maternity hospitals of Nabi Akram, Imam Ali, and Social Security hospitals) in 2020, were examined. In order to conduct the study, TEOAE was initially performed for all neonates. Then, based on the results obtained in the ODA test and in case of unsatisfactory response, cases were referred for re-evaluation. Infants who were rejected again in the second stage were immediately subjected to the AABR test and if they failed in this test, they were also subjected to a diagnostic ABR test. Results: Based on our results, 7700 infants were first evaluated with the OAE test. Of these, 580 (8%) had no OAE response. Out of 580 infants rejected in the first stage, 76 infants were also rejected in the second stage; Among them, 8 infants were re-diagnosed with hearing impairments. Finally, out of 3 infants who were diagnosed with hearing loss, 1 (33%) had conductive hearing loss and 2 (67%) had sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, the implementation of a comprehensive neonatal hearing screening program is necessary for the timely and early diagnosis and treatment of hearing loss. Also, screening can improve the health of children and their personal, social, and educational development in the future. Keywords: Hearing screening, hearing loss, newborns, OAE, AABR

scholarly journals Rural Barriers to Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Infant Hearing Loss in Appalachia

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Bush ◽  
Bryan Hardin ◽  
Christopher Rayle ◽  
Cathy Lester ◽  
Christina R. Studts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Unilateral or Asymmetrical Hearing Loss in Children: CODEPEH Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Faustino Núñez-Batalla ◽  
Carmen Jáudenes-Casaubón ◽  
Jose Miguel Sequí-Canet ◽  
Ana Vivanco-Allende ◽  
Jose Zubicaray-Ugarteche
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

scholarly journals Age at onset of training in children with hearing and speech disorders and the analysis of related factors in Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Sanem Sahli
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Early diagnosis and intervention play a vital role in hearing and speech disorders and the effect of intervention varies according to the age at onset of training of children with such disorders. Aim of this study is to investigate the age at onset of training in children admitted to our center with complaints of hearing and speech disorder, and the related factors. Methods In the first phase of the study, data of 473 children admitted to our center between January 2015 and October 2018 with complaints of hearing and speech disorders and no additional disability were retrospectively analyzed. Then, their chronological age, gender, cause of admission, age at onset of training and the effect of factors that may have an impact on the age at onset of training were analyzed statistically. Study data were obtained from patient records. Results Of 473 children (350 males and 123 females) admitted to our training center with the complaints of hearing and speech disorders, 252 (53.3%) were presented with speech sound disorders, 90 (19.0%) with stuttering, 87 (18.4%) with delayed speech, 32 (6.8%) with hearing loss and 12 (2.5%) with other causes. Although there was a statistically significant difference between the age at onset of training and the factors; such as cause of admission, parental education level, employment status of the mother, occupation of the father, and socioeconomic status of the family (p < 0.05), no statistically significant difference was found between the age at onset of training and gender (p > 0.05). Conclusions The study revealed that children with hearing loss have the chance of early diagnosis thanks to neonatal hearing screening programs and that they commence their training until the age of 2, which is considered to be a critical period for language and speech development. However, it is an undeniable fact that we have not yet reached the ideal age for the commencement of training (6th month). Similarly, the age of diagnosis and initiation of training is delayed in children with speech disorders due to families’ delayed referral to the training centers.

scholarly journals Volumes, outcomes, and complications after surgical versus endovascular treatment of aneurysms in the United States (1993–2015): continued evolution versus steady-state after more than 2 decades of practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedram Golnari ◽  
Pouya Nazari ◽  
Roxanna M. Garcia ◽  
Hannah Weiss ◽  
Ali Shaibani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Unruptured Aneurysms ◽  
Ruptured Aneurysms ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Risk Ratios ◽  
Over Time

OBJECTIVEAdoption of endovascular treatment (EVT) and other advances in aneurysm care have shifted practice patterns of cerebral aneurysm treatment over the past 2 decades in the US. The objective of this study was to determine whether resulting trends in volumes, outcomes, and complications have matured in general practice or continue to evolve.METHODSData were obtained from the National Inpatient Sample from 1993 to 2015. ICD-9 codes were used to estimate annual volumes, outcomes, and complications following treatment of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to estimate risk ratios for complications and outcomes. Trends in time were assessed utilizing annual percentage change (APC).RESULTSThe authors found a nearly 5-fold increase in annual admissions with diagnoses of unruptured aneurysms, whereas SAH volume increased less than 50%. Clipping ruptured aneurysms steadily declined (APC −0.86%, p = 0.69 until 1999, then −6.22%, p < 0.001 thereafter), whereas clipping unruptured aneurysms slightly increased (APC 2.02%, p < 0.001). EVT tripled in 2002–2004 and steadily increased thereafter (APC 7.22%, p < 0.001 and 5.85%, p = 0.01 for unruptured and ruptured aneurysms, respectively). Despite a 3-fold increase in both diagnosis and treatment of unruptured aneurysms, the incidence of SAH remained steady at 12 per 100,000 persons per year (APC 0.04%, p = 0.83). In contrast, SAH severity increased over time, as did patient age and comorbidities (all p < 0.001). SAH led to nonroutine discharge more frequently over time after both EVT and clipping (APC 1.24% and 1.10%, respectively), although mortality decreased during the same time (APC −2.48% and −1.44%, respectively). Complications were more frequent after clipping than EVT, but this differential risk diminished during the study period and was less perceptible in ruptured aneurysms. The proportion of patients discharged home after treatment of unruptured aneurysms was significantly lower (p < 0.001) after clipping (69.3%–79.5%) than EVT (88.3%–93.3%); both proportions changed minimally since 1998 (APC −0.39%, p = 0.02, and APC −0.11%, p = 0.14, respectively).CONCLUSIONSEVT volume markedly increased for ruptured and unruptured aneurysms from 1993 to 2015, whereas clipping decreased for ruptured and slightly increased for unruptured aneurysms. The incidence of SAH remained unchanged despite increased diagnosis and treatment of unruptured aneurysms. In ruptured aneurysms, SAH severity has increased over time, as have age, comorbidities, and nonroutine discharges. In contrast, routine discharge after treatment of unruptured aneurysms remains largely unchanged since 1998 and remains lower with clipping.

scholarly journals Finding out incidence of deafness among neonates at a tertiary care centre of western Rajasthan, India using otoacoustic emission

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Ashish Gupta ◽  
Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Distortion Product

Background: Newborn hearing screening is conducted to identify suspected hearing loss and not to confirm the presence/absence of hearing loss or define features of the loss. Speech and hearing are interrelated, i.e., a problem with one could mean a problem with the other as speech and language is acquired normally through auditory system.Methods: A descriptive study conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, from June 2016 to December 2017. 5000 neonates were screened using otoacoustic emissions (OAE) in 2 stages at birth during 3rd to 7th day and 15-30 days respectively, followed by BERA at 3 months of age.Results: 1.4 infants per thousand infants had hearing loss. Presence of high-risk factors was seen to be associated be associated with hearing loss more than normal infants on screening with distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) tests. However, on testing with BERA no such association was seen.Conclusions: 1.4 per 1000 infants had hearing loss. This study has shown that two stage distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) hearing screening followed by british educational research association  (BERA) to confirm the hearing deficit, can be successfully implemented as new born hearing screening method in a hospital set-up, for early detection of hearing impaired, on a large scale, to achieve the high-quality standard of screening programs in a resource limited and developing nation like India.

Neurological Sequelae due to Inborn Metabolic Diseases in Pediatric Refugees: Challenges in Treating the Untreated

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (06) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Schiergens ◽  
Michael Staudigl ◽  
Ingo Borggraefe ◽  
Esther Maier
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Lyase Deficiency ◽  
Mass Migration

AbstractIn the 2015 mass migration from Syria and neighboring countries, Germany received an unprecedented number of 4,76,649 asylum applications. As many of the refugees arrived in Southern Germany via the Austrian border, the city of Munich was faced with the majority of Germany's inflow of war refugees and their complex health issues. Among the refugees were a high number of children. Their main health issues were infectious diseases and surgical procedures due to trauma, but we also encountered complex chronic diseases. This report describes clinical history, signs and symptoms, diagnostics, and treatment of six pediatric patients with untreated inborn errors of metabolism (IEM): phenylketonuria, biotinidase deficiency, HMG-CoA lyase deficiency, mucopolysaccharidosis type II, and mucopolysaccharidosis type VI. Since early diagnosis and treatment is essential in IEM, both delayed diagnosis and inadequate therapy in refugee children may lead to significant brain injury, organ damage, and even death. Severe neurological sequelae in both phenylketonuria and HMG-CoA lyase deficiency could have been prevented by newborn screening. Screening programs are necessary to improve the prognoses for refugee children. European Union governments and involved health care systems should pursue early diagnosis and treatment in pediatric refugees regarding IEM to prevent neurological long-term sequelae.

scholarly journals Nationwide population genetic screening improves outcomes of newborn screening for hearing loss in China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuju Wang ◽  
Jiale Xiang ◽  
Jun Sun ◽  
Yun Yang ◽  
Jing Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Universal Newborn Hearing Screening ◽  
Newborn Hearing

Purpose: Concurrent newborn hearing and genetic screening has been reported, but its benefits have not been statistically proven due to limited sample sizes and outcome data. To fill this gap, we analyzed outcomes of a large number of newborns with genetic screening results. Methods: Newborns in China were screened for 20 hearing-loss-related genetic variants from 2012-2017. Genetic results were categorized as positive, at-risk, inconclusive, or negative. Hearing screening results, risk factors, and up-to-date hearing status were followed-up via phone interviews. Results: We completed genetic screening on one million newborns and followed up 12,778. We found that a positive genetic result significantly indicated a higher positive predictive value of the initial hearing screening (60% vs. 5.0%, P<0.001) and a lower rate of loss-to-follow-up (5% vs. 22%, P<0.001) than an inconclusive one. Importantly, 42% of subjects in the positive group with reported or presymptomatic hearing loss were missed by conventional hearing screening. Furthermore, genetic screening identified 0.23% of subjects predisposed to preventable ototoxicity. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that limited genetic screening identified additional cases, reduced loss-to-follow-up, and informed families of ototoxicity risks, providing convincing evidence to support integrating genetic screening into universal newborn hearing screening programs.

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