The millennia-long use history of triangular bifaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-207
Author(s):  
R Michael Stewart
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
Delaware Valley ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Projectile Points ◽  
Early Woodland ◽  
Middle Archaic ◽  
History Of

Relatively small, triangular bifaces often considered to be projectile points have a demonstrable use history that includes the Middle Archaic, Late Archaic, Early Woodland, late Middle Woodland, Late Woodland, and Contact periods of regional archaeology. Radiocarbon dates and other data are used to document this extensive history using the Upper Delaware Valley of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New York as a case study. Observed trends are evaluated in a broader regional context. The degree to which triangles of different ages can be distinguished from one another is addressed and suggestions for future research are made.

Below-the-Watertable Archaeology at Lamoka Lake

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Michael Gramly
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
York State ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Central New York ◽  
Lake Site

A trench excavated into the waterlogged fringe of the Lamoka Lake site in central New York state yielded cultural stratigraphic zones with abundant artifacts and food remains. A peaty layer resting upon Late Archaic beach or streamside deposits produced late Middle Woodland (Kipp Island phase) ceramics and stone implements. Discoveries of wood, fruit pits, and nuts in the same layer as well as rich congeries of animal bones indicate that the archaeological potential of the Lamoka Lake site is not exhausted.

Identification and Validation of Requirements for a Registry System of Children's Developmental Motor Disorders in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Elahe Gozali ◽  
Reza Safdari ◽  
Marjan Ghazisaeedi ◽  
Bahlol Rahimi ◽  
Hamidreza Farrokh Eslamlou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Registry System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Data Elements

Abstract Background Despite recent advances in the field of medical sciences, children's developmental motor disorders (DMDs) are considered as one of the challenges in this area. Establishment of electronic systems for recording and monitoring children's DMDs can play an effective role in identifying patients and reducing the costs and consequences of the disease management. The aim of this study was to identify and validate the requirements for a registry system of children's DMDs in Iran. Methods The present descriptive–analytical study was performed in three main stages. In the first step, the literature was reviewed to identify the requirements. In the second stage, the information obtained from the literature review was used to develop a questionnaire for validating and selecting the requirements for an electronic system of recording DMDs in infants. In the final stage, the requirements were validated by selected experts (22 specialists). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software (IBM Corporation, New York, United States). Results According to findings, the requirements of a registry system for children's DMDs were identified in three areas of demographic (24 data elements), clinical data (87 data elements), and technical (28 capabilities). In the demographic section, data elements of “family history of motor disorders” (mean = 1.18) and “drug allergy” (mean = 2.9) gained an average score of < 2.5 and therefore were not selected as data elements necessary for the registry system of data recording and monitoring children's DMDs. Conclusion In such developing countries as Iran, standard information recording and management is not properly done due to a large amount of information and the lack of comprehensive information registry systems. The findings of this study can help to design and establish information registry systems in the field of children's DMDs. Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that future research be done to explore infrastructures necessary for providing a suitable platform to design and implement information registry systems in the field of children's DMDs.

The Evolution and Persistence of Ceramic Motifs in Northern Georgia

1950 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wauchope
Keyword(s):  
Woodland Period ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
American Antiquity ◽  
Early Woodland ◽  
Middle Woodland Period ◽  
Frequency Peak

Stamped or impressed designs on pottery from a group of relatively early sites in northern Georgia provide new data on the origin of several well known motifs of later times, and add to the evidence for a considerable cultural continuity between the archaeological phases of this area.In a previous article for american antiquity (Vol. XIV, pp. 201-9), I summarized the general ceramic sequence in the Etowah Drainage. Fabric impressed pottery seems to be the first majority ware in this area. It gradually decreased in popularity as Mossy Oak Simple Stamped increased and Deptford Bold and Linear Check Stamped appeared. The last named, together with Deptford Simple Stamped, became majority types during Late Archaic or Early Woodland times. In the meantime Woodstock Stamped and Woodstock Incised pottery appeared, but did not reach their frequency peak until Early Swift Creek had presumably degenerated into its later form near the end of the Middle Woodland period. Napier Stamped appeared at this time. Napier and Woodstock pottery strongly influenced the Early Mississippi "Etowah" wares, both stamped and incised. In the latter part of this period, Savannah Stamped intruded briefly, but the Etowah types persisted and finally deteriorated in carefulness of execution, thus evolving into the Lamar pottery of Late Mississippi time.

White-Tailed Deer Meat and Marrow Return Rates and Their Application to Eastern Woodlands Archaeology

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Cregg Madrigal ◽  
Julie Zimmermann Holt
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Return Rate ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Element Abundance ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Eastern Woodlands ◽  
Return Rates

Zooarchaeological hypotheses concerning prehistoric transport, processing decisions, and social stratification are often tested by correlating archaeological element frequencies with indices of the economic utility of carcass parts. Such indices have not been developed for one of the largest and most important mammals in Eastern Woodlands prehistory, the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). We present kilocalorie (Kcal) yields and return rates of meat and marrow from a sample of several white-tailed deer. We then compare the meat and marrow data with skeletal element abundance in two Late Archaic assemblages from New York and a Middle Woodland/early Late Woodland assemblage from Illinois. In both examples, archaeological element abundance is positively correlated with marrow yield and return rate, but negatively correlated or uncorrelated with meat yield and return rate. These results do not provide evidence for differential transport of higher meat-yield carcass parts, but instead may indicate differential processing of high-yield marrow bones after entire deer carcasses were transported to the sites.

A Pennsylvania Transitional Period Radiocarbon Date

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-247
Author(s):  
W. Fred Kinsey
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
Delaware Valley

AbstractThe Peters-Albrecht site in the upper Delaware Valley in Pennsylvania has yielded a radiocarbon date of 1720 B.C. ± 100 (Y-1826) for the Lehigh complex of the Transitional period. This is the earliest date for this complex, and it poses some problems of correlation with respect to the Late Archaic sequence in New York. Regional manifestations of the Transitional period are discussed.

Occurrence of Overall Corded Pottery in the Upper Ottawa Valley, Canada

1963 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Eastern Ontario ◽  
A Site

AbstractPottery with overall cording as the only form of decoration (both internally and externally) is reported from a site in eastern Ontario. This pottery came from a level overlain by a Middle Woodland component. As overall cording is not a Hopewellian trait, and as Hopewellian is believed to have influenced Woodland, it will be of interest to determine the age of this early level. Radiocarbon dates from this level, when compared with dates from similar culture levels in New York, should throw light on the direction of the spread of corded pottery into the Northeast.

scholarly journals Wielokulturowość: lekcje przeszłości

2016 ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
Jan Surman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Experience ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

Multiculturalism: lessons from the pastReview: Understanding Multiculturalism. The Habsburg Central European Experience, ed. Johannes Feichtinger, Gary B. Cohen, Berghahn, Oxford–New York, 2014 (Austrian and Habsburg Studies 17), pp. 246While recently the concept of multiculturalism has been an object of strong criticism from the political side, the book under review takes another turn scrutinizing and historicizing it. Looking at Central Europe through the lenses of nonessentialism, postcolonialism or national indifference, multiple authors propose not only new ways of reading the history of the region, but also of establishing categories for the future research in historical cultural studies. Wielokulturowość: lekcje przeszłościRecenzja: Understanding Multiculturalism. The Habsburg Central European Experience, red. Johannes Feichtinger, Gary B. Cohen, Berghahn, Oxford–New York, 2014 (Austrian and Habsburg Studies 17), ss. 246.Podczas gdy koncept wielokulturowości był w ostatnim czasie obiektem mocnej krytyki, szczególnie ze strony polityki, recenzowana książka obiera inną pozycję, analizując i historyzując go. Spoglądając na Europe Środkową z użyciem nieesecjalizujących czy postkolonialnych koncepcji, autorzy proponują nie tylko nowe sposoby odczytania historii regionu, lecz także nowe kategorie dla przyszłych badań historii kulturowej.

Investigations at the Barnes Site (40DV307)

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-110
Author(s):  
Thaddeus G. Bissett ◽  
Stephen B. Carmody ◽  
D. Shane Miller
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Ohio Valley ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
Early Woodland ◽  
Particle Size Data ◽  
Size Data

At the Barnes Site (40DV307) along the Cumberland River, two discrete shell-bearing deposits dating to the Late Archaic and Middle Woodland periods (approximately 3500 and 1800 cal BP respectively) are separated by a thick Early Woodland–period shell-free stratum dated between 2900 and 2000 cal BP. Alternating shell-bearing and shell-free deposits at sites elsewhere in the southern Ohio Valley have often been viewed as indicative of long-term changes in subsistence practices and traditions or large-scale environmental fluctuations affecting resource abundance. At Barnes, however, chronological, geoarchaeology, and paleoethnobotany data from shell-bearing strata recovered in 2010 and 2012 suggest that the two shell-bearing deposits mark the locations of shellfish processing at or near the river’s edge when the river channel was physically closer to the current site location. Particle-size data indicate that when the shell-free deposit accumulated, the site was situated in a low-energy depositional zone, suggesting that the river channel had shifted further to the west during that period of time.

scholarly journals "Val Verde on the Sunny Rio Grande" Geoarcheological and Historical Investigations at San Felipe Springs, Val Verde County, Texas

1999 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Rock Layer ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
National Register ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Middle Archaic ◽  
Middle Component ◽  
The City

In the fall of 1997, Prewitt and Associates, Inc. conducted archival and oral history research, an archeological survey, and National Register testing of a prehistoric site in the vicinity of the San Felipe Springs in southeastern Val Verde County, Texas. The work was done in preparation for construction of a water treatment plant and related facilities for the City of Del Rio. The survey resulted in the recording of one historic site (41VV1820) and further documentation of historic and prehistoric components at a previously known site, 41VV444. The latter site also was the focus of intensive geoarcheological investigations. National Register testing of 41VV444, called the San Felipe Springs site, was restricted to portions of the alluvial terraces of San Felipe Creek near the East and West San Felipe Springs. A 40-m' block excavation near the East Springs revealed three stratified prehistoric components in the upper ca. 100 m of alluvium. These sediments represent continual deposition over the last 3,000-4,000 years, and archeological materials denoting Late Prehistoric, Protohistoric, Late Archaic, and Middle Archaic occupations were recovered. The upper component post-dates A.D. 1300 and produced plain bone-tempered potsherds, ClifIton and Perdiz arrow points, and steeply beveled scrapers. This component represents a Toyah phase occupation on the western periphery of the Toyah culture area, but it shares many attributes with Protohistoric Infierno phase occupations of the Lower Pecos. The middle component is characterized by Shumla dart points and three pit features originating near the base of a dense burned rock layer. It represents utilization of the area during the Flanders Subperiod of the Late Archaic. Although recovered from many sites (particularly rockshelters), the chronology of Shumla points is not well established in the region. Radiocarbon assays place the age of the San Felipe Springs Shumla component at ca. 800-200 B.C. Geomorphic evidence suggests that a major flood episode (or episodes) occurred along San Felipe Creek between ca. 1300 and 800 B.C. This gravelly deposit separates the middle component from the lower component and is indicative of a high volume flood event, possibly similar to the August 1998 flooding along San Felipe Creek resulting from Hurricane Charley. Underlying this zone is a discrete Middle Archaic occupation containing a dense burned rock layer and an internal pit feature. Radiocarbon dates, along with associated Bulverde and Langtry variant dart points, correlate to the San Felipe Subperiod. Also associated with this occupation is a small concentration of artifacts representing a dump or cache of usable lithic materials. Historic components at 41VV1820 and 41VV444 contain structures related to the City of Del Rio's water pumping and distribution system. These resources, particularly the East Springs pump house and pond enclosure at 41VV444, are historically significant; however, they will be removed during construction of new water pumping facilities. Site 41VV444 encompasses most of what is now the San Felipe Country Club golf course. Built by Texas' first golf course architect, John Bredemus, in 1922, the San Felipe course is now recognized as an important historic landscape.

Patterns of Resource Distribution and Archaeological Settlement Patterns in the Piedmont Uplands of the Middle Atlantic Region

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay F. Custer ◽  
Edith B. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Resource Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Middle Atlantic ◽  
Resource Distributions ◽  
Middle Archaic

Varied patterns of subsistence resource distributions are found in the Piedmont Uplands throughout the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Settlement patterns correlate with these resource distribution patterns through time. Paleo-Indian through Middle Archaic patterns are small scattered procurement sites that are part of a supra-local logistical system. Late Archaic through Middle Woodland patterns include large base camps in low relief settings forming the focal points for foraging systems, or a tethered nomadism. Late Woodland patterns are dependent upon intensive collecting and agriculture rather than specific subsistence resource distribution patterns.

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