Can healthy motivated British adults achieve the revised UK government fibre recommendations of 30 g per day? Results from a preliminary study

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Áine O’Connor ◽  
Sophie Crosswaite
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
Average Body

Background: UK Government recommendations for dietary fibre intakes have recently increased to 30 g per day, well below current population intakes. Aim: This study aimed to explore whether the target for dietary fibre intake could be achieved and the effects on markers of cardiometabolic health. Methods: In this 4-week high-fibre intervention study, 15 participants were instructed to achieve dietary fibre intakes of 30 g/day. Results: Dietary fibre intakes significantly increased post intervention (16.0 ± 8.1 g/day, p < 0.001). No significant changes in glucose and triglyceride concentrations were observed and there was a significant increase in average body weight (0.7 ± 1.2 kg, p = 0.025). Conclusions: This study shows that achieving the new dietary fibre recommendations of 30g/day is achievable, in the short term, in a sample of British adults without any observed effect on health markers.

The effects of stretching with cryotherapy, stretching with heat and stretching alone on hamstring flexibility in physically active females

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Devyani Raghwani ◽  
Maximilian M Wdowski
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Study ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Heat Application ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility

Background/Aims A pre- and post-intervention study was conducted to examine the effects of acute cryotherapy with stretching, heat with stretching, and stretching alone on hamstring flexibility. Methods Thirty female participants were randomly allocated into three groups: stretching with cryotherapy, stretching with heat, or stretching without an intervention. A sit and reach test and the 90/90 active knee extension test were conducted before and after a 20-minute stretching routine to measure hamstring flexibility. Results Differences were observed pre- and post-test in the sit and reach test and knee 90/90 extension tasks (P<0.05) within all three groups. However, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between the three intervention groups. Conclusions Combining stretching with cryotherapy or heat application potentially provides no additional benefit to stretching alone in short-term enhancements to hamstring muscle flexibility in physically active females.

The Effects of Roller Conveyor on Muscle Activity in Workpiece Loading on CNC Machining Centre: A Preliminary Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 673-677
Author(s):  
M. Hafiz Zani ◽  
Halim Isa ◽  
S.M. Muhammad Syafiq ◽  
O. Rawaida ◽  
Z. Nuradilah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Roller Conveyor ◽  
Preliminary Study

In the recent years, Advance Manufacturing Technology (AMT) has been widely used in manufacturing industry to increase manufacturing process capability. However, Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine designs have only focused on its operational capability. The harmonious coordination between users and CNC machines is often neglected, which can contribute to hazardous working practices that can affect the health of users. Bending posture while loading the work piece to the machine can cause fatigue and discomfort to the users. Thus, the focus of this preliminary study is to analyse the effect of CNC machine work piece loading on muscle activity levels and to determine the effectiveness of roller conveyor in reducing muscle activity levels. Muscle activity has been analysed using surface electromyography (sEMG) technique. Erector spinae, biceps and trapezius muscles were concurrently measured during the work piece loading. Five male subjects (n=5) participated in the pre-intervention study and two subjects (n=2) in the post-intervention study (roller conveyor implementation) participated to test the effectiveness of the roller conveyor. Result pre-intervention study found that muscle activity level of biceps was the highest followed by trapezius and erector spinae. Based on the post-intervention study involving the roller conveyor, muscle activity of the erector spinae was reduced meanwhile the muscle activity of biceps and trapezius increased for both subjects.

scholarly journals Dietary Fibre Intake in Australia. Paper II: Comparative Examination of Food Sources of Fibre among High and Low Fibre Consumers

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Fayet-Moore ◽  
Tim Cassettari ◽  
Kate Tuck ◽  
Andrew McConnell ◽  
Peter Petocz
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Major Food ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake

Intakes of dietary fibre in Australia are lower than recommended. An understanding of food choices associated with fibre intake can help to inform locally relevant dietary interventions that aim to increase its consumption. This study aimed to profile the relationship between dietary choices and fibre intake of Australians. Using Day 1 data from the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (n = 12,153, ≥2 years), dietary fibre intake was classified by quartiles for children (2–18 years) and adults (≥19 years). Intakes of the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) food groups were calculated, as well as the major, sub-major, and minor food groups from the Australian Food Composition Database. Each of these food groups provide a progressively greater level of detail. Associations with ADG food groups and major food groups were determined, and the leading sub-major and minor food group sources of fibre for low (Quartile 1) and high (Quartile 4) fibre consumers were profiled. Energy-adjusted intakes of wholegrain and/or high fibre but not refined grain (cereal) foods, vegetables, and fruit were positively associated, and discretionary foods negatively associated, with quartile of fibre intake (p < 0.001). The top three sub-major food group sources of fibre were regular breads, cereal mixed dishes, and ready-to-eat breakfast cereals in high fibre consumers and regular breads, cereal mixed dishes, and potatoes in low fibre consumers. White breads was the leading minor food group contributor in low fibre consumers, and apples and lower sugar wheat based breakfast cereal were the leading fibre contributors in high fibre consumers in children and adults, respectively. Higher intakes of wholegrain, fruits, and vegetables, and a lower discretionary intake were associated with higher fibre intake. Encouraging these foods as part of any public health intervention is likely to be effective for increasing dietary fibre intakes.

A randomized controlled trial of the effect of dietary fibre on blood pressure

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrie M. Margetts ◽  
Lawrence J. Beilin ◽  
Robert Vandongen ◽  
Bruce K. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake

1. Eighty-eight healthy omnivores with normal blood pressure participated in a randomized, controlled, cross-over trial of the effect on blood pressure of increasing dietary fibre intake. Subjects were randomly allocated to a control group eating a low fibre diet throughout, or to one of two experimental groups eating a high fibre diet for one of two 6-week experimental periods. Changes in body weight, other dietary constituents and lifestyle factors were avoided as far as possible. 2. Twenty-four hour diet records showed a substantial increase in dietary fibre when subjects were on the high fibre diet. 3. There was no consistent effect of change in dietary fibre intake on group mean systoloic or diastolic blood pressures. Adjusting blood pressures for changes in other dietary components, plasma lipids, electrolytes, body weight and other lifestyle variables did not alter this result. 4. These findings do not support the hypothesis that the blood pressure lowering effect of a vegetarian diet is solely due to an increase in fibre intake.

Dietary fibre intake of irritable bowel patients prescribed a high fibre diet

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lambert ◽  
V. Morrison ◽  
P. W. Brunt ◽  
N. A. G. Mowat ◽  
M. A. Eastwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals The Low-Carbohydrate Diet: Short-Term Metabolic Efficacy Versus Longer-Term Limitations

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Barber ◽  
Petra Hanson ◽  
Stefan Kabisch ◽  
Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer ◽  
Martin O. Weickert
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake ◽  
The Individual

Background: Diets have been a central component of lifestyle modification for decades. The Low-Carbohydrate Diet (LCD), originally conceived as a treatment strategy for intractable epilepsy (due to its association with ketogenesis), became popular in the 1970s and since then has risen to prominence as a weight loss strategy. Objective: To explore the efficacy, limitations and potential safety concerns of the LCD. Data Sources: We performed a narrative review, based on relevant articles written in English from a Pubmed search, using the terms ‘low carbohydrate diet and metabolic health’. Results: Evidence supports the efficacy of the LCD in the short-term (up to 6-months) for reduction in fat mass and remission of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D). However, the longer-term efficacy of the LCD is disappointing, with diminishment of weight loss potential and metabolic benefits of the LCD beyond 6-months of its adoption. Furthermore, practical limitations of the LCD include the associated restriction of food choices that restrict the acceptability of the LCD for the individual, particularly over the longer term. There are also safety concerns of the LCD that stem from nutritional imbalances (with a relative excess of dietary fat and protein intake with associated dyslipidaemia and increased risk of insulin resistance and T2D development) and ketotic effects. Finally, the LCD often results in a reduction in dietary fibre intake, with potentially serious adverse consequences for overall health and the gut microbiota. Conclusions: Although widely adopted, the LCD usually has short-lived metabolic benefits, with limited efficacy and practicality over the longer term. Dietary modification needs tailoring to the individual, with careful a priori assessments of food preferences to ensure acceptability and adherence over the longer term, with avoidance of dietary imbalances and optimization of dietary fibre intake (primarily from plant-based fruit and vegetables), and with a posteriori assessments of the highly individual responses to the LCD. Finally, we need to change our view of diets from simply an excipient for weight loss to an essential component of a healthy lifestyle.

Efficacy of an activity tracker-and app intervention to increase physical activity in the entire family: Pilot single-arm intervention study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Schoeppe ◽  
Jo Salmon ◽  
Susan L. Williams ◽  
Deborah Power ◽  
Stephanie Alley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Entire Family ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Activity Tracker ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Family Program ◽  
Intervention Efficacy

BACKGROUND Interventions using activity trackers and smartphone apps have demonstrated their ability to increase physical activity in children and adults. However, they have not been tested in entire families. Further, few family-centred interventions have actively involved both parents, and assessed intervention efficacy separately for children, mothers and fathers. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the short-term efficacy of an activity tracker and app intervention to increase physical activity in the entire family (children, mothers and fathers). METHODS This was a pilot single-arm intervention study with pre-post measures. Between 2017-2018, 40 families (58 children aged 6-10 years, 39 mothers, 33 fathers) participated in the 6-week Step it Up Family program in Queensland, Australia. Using commercial activity trackers combined with apps (Garmin Vivofit Jr for children, Vivofit 3 for adults), the intervention included individual and family-level goal-setting, self-monitoring, performance feedback, family step challenges, family social support and modelling, weekly motivational text messages, and an introductory session delivered face-to-face or via telephone. Parent surveys were used to assess intervention efficacy measured as pre-post intervention changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children, mothers and fathers. RESULTS Thirty-eight families completed the post intervention survey (95% retention). At post intervention, MVPA had increased in children by 58 min/day (boys: 54 min/day, girls: 62 min/day; all P < .001). In mothers, MVPA increased by 27 min/day (P < .001), and in fathers, it increased by 31 min/day (P < .001). Furthermore, the percentage of children meeting Australia’s physical activity guidelines for children (≥60 MVPA min/day) increased from 34% to 89% (P < .001). The percentage of mothers and fathers meeting Australia’s physical activity guidelines for adults (≥150 MVPA min/week) increased from 8% to 57% (P < .001) in mothers, and from 21% to 68% (P < .001) in fathers. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that an activity tracker and app intervention is an efficacious approach to increasing physical activity in entire families to meet national physical activity guidelines. The Step it Up Family program warrants further testing in a larger, randomised controlled trial to determine its long-term impact. CLINICALTRIAL No trial registration as this is not an RCT. It is a pilot single-arm intervention study

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