Associations between appetitive traits, dietary patterns and weight status of children attending the School Kids Intervention Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Rati Jani ◽  
Cathy K Agarwal ◽  
Pip Golley ◽  
Nicola Shanyar ◽  
Kimberley Mallan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Background: The nexus between appetitive traits, dietary patterns and weight status has predominantly been studied in a mixed sample (healthy weight, overweight and obese sample). Aim: This cross-sectional study examined associations between overweight/obese children’s appetitive traits, dietary patterns and weight status. Methods: We studied children ( N = 58, body mass index z-score: 2.25±0.46), 4–12 years attending the School Kids Intervention Program. Children’s appetitive traits and dietary patterns were measured with the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire and Children’s Dietary Questionnaire, respectively. Children’s height and weight were used to compute body mass index z-score; waist circumference was also measured and waist-to-height ratio was calculated. Results: After controlling for children’s age and gender, hierarchical linear regression analyses showed that lower scores for slowness in eating were associated with higher body mass index z-scores in children (β = −0.31, p = 0.01). Higher scores for emotional overeating were associated with higher waist-to-height ratio in children (β = 0.48, p = 0.01). Higher scores for fussiness were correlated with lower scores for fruits and vegetables (β = −0.59, p < 0.001) and higher scores for non-core foods (β = 0.26, p = 0.04). Conclusion: Results observed in the current sample of overweight and obese children are consistent with previous studies examining healthy-weight children. Slowness in eating may foster an obesity ‘protective’ effect, whereas emotional overeating may promote susceptibility to weight gain. Fussy eating may impair diet quality by lower consumption of vegetables and fruits and higher intake of non-core foods. This evidence will support dietitians to consider children’s appetitive traits when providing dietary consultation to support obesity management among overweight/obese children.

scholarly journals FTO gene variant and association with overweight in Brazilian male students

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
José Fernando Vila Nova de Moraes ◽  
Orlando Laitano ◽  
Marcelo Magalhães Sales ◽  
Ricardo Yukio Asano ◽  
Vinícius Carolino de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n3p259 Obesity is considered a disease with multiple etiologies. Recent advances in technology have pointed candidate genes that are related to weight gain in several populations. However, in countries with ethnic miscegenation, such as Brazil, studies of this nature with students are still scarce. The aim of the present study was to compare anthropometric variables of Brazilian male students according to the genotypes of the rs9939609 of the FTO gene. In order to do so, 205 participants underwent body mass, height, waist circumference and skinfold thickness measurements. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage were calculated. Volunteers were characterized as overweight according to the BMI-for-age z-score. Participants were genotyped according to the single nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 of the FTO gene (AA, AT and TT). ANOVA one-way with Bonferroni’s post hoc was performed to compare genotypes and anthropometric variables. Odds Ratio was calculated to reveal increased chances of presenting higher body mass index z-score, waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage. Participants homozygous for the A allele presented significantly higher values of BMI-for-age z-score (0.38±1.01 vs. -0.29±1.15), waist circumference (77.15±6.51 vs. 72.85±7.36 cm) and waist-to-height ratio (0.44±0.04 vs. 0.42±0.04) when compared to individuals with the TT genotype. The A allele of the rs9939609 of the FTO gene seems to influence in the adiposity of male students.

scholarly journals The Influence of Anthropometric Indices and Intermediary Determinants of Hypertension in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5646
Author(s):  
Sally Sonia Simmons ◽  
John Elvis Hagan ◽  
Thomas Schack
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Hypertension is a major public health burden in Bangladesh. However, studies considering the underlying multifaceted risk factors of this health condition are sparse. The present study concurrently examines anthropometric parameters and intermediary factors influencing hypertension risk in Bangladesh. Using the 2018 World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPwise approach to non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) study conducted in Bangladesh and involving 8019 nationally representative adult respondents, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between anthropometrics, other intermediary factors and hypertension. The regression results were presented using the odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The risk of hypertension was higher among females and males who were 40 years and older. However, among females, those who were age 60 years and older were more than twice and thrice more likely to be hypertensive compared to those in the younger age groups (18–39, 40–59). Females who were obese (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR], waist to height ratio [WHtR]) or had high waist circumference [WC] were twice as likely to be hypertensive. Males and females who were physically active, consuming more fruits and vegetables daily and educated had lower odds of developing hypertension. Key findings suggest that the association between anthropometric indices (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR], waist to height ratio [WHtR]), waist circumference [WC]), other intermediary determinants (e.g., education, physical activity) and hypertension exist across gender and with increasing age among adults in Bangladesh. Developing appropriate public health interventions (e.g., regular assessment of anthropometric parameters) for early identification of the risk and pattern of hypertension through appropriate screening and diagnosis is required to meet the specific health needs of the adult Bangladesh population.

scholarly journals Effect of Children’s Weight Status on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior during Physical Education, Recess, and After School

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2651
Author(s):  
Zachary C. Pope ◽  
Charles Huang ◽  
David Stodden ◽  
Daniel J. McDonough ◽  
Zan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
After School ◽  
Healthy Weight

Children’s body mass index may affect physical activity (PA) participation. Therefore, this study examined the effect of children’s weight status on underserved elementary school children’s PA and sedentary behavior (SB) throughout the segmented day. Participants were 138 children (X¯age = 8.14 years). Children’s height and weight were measured with subsequent classification of children as healthy weight or overweight/obese. Durations of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), and SB during physical education (PE), morning recess, lunch recess, after school, and overall were assessed via accelerometry over three days. Independent t-tests evaluated differences in children’s MVPA, LPA, and SB during each daily segment by weight status. Significantly higher MVPA was observed for children of healthy weight status versus children with overweight/obesity during morning recess, t(136) = 2.15, p = 0.03, after school, t(136) = 2.68, p < 0.01, and overall, t(136) = 2.65, p < 0.01. Interestingly, comparisons of children of healthy weight status and children with overweight/obesity’s LPA and SB during the after-school segment revealed a trend wherein children with overweight/obesity participated in slightly greater LPA/less SB than children of healthy weight status. Higher MVPA was observed among children of healthy weight versus children with overweight/obesity during most daily segments. Concerted efforts should focus on increasing MVPA among children with overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals Optimal cutoff values for anthropometric indices of obesity as discriminators of metabolic abnormalities in Korea: results from a Health Examinees study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooyoung Cho ◽  
Aesun Shin ◽  
Ji-Yeob Choi ◽  
Sang Min Park ◽  
Daehee Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Cutoff Values ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Conicity Index

Abstract Background Obesity is well known as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the performance of and the optimal cutoff values for obesity indices to discriminate the presence of metabolic abnormalities as a primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in a Health Examinees study (HEXA). Methods The current study analyzed 134,195 participants with complete anthropometric and laboratory information in a Health Examinees study, consisting of the Korean population aged 40 to 69 years. The presence of metabolic abnormality was defined as having at least one of the following: hypertension, hyperglycemia, or dyslipidemia. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for body mass index, waist to hip ratio, waist to height ratio, waist circumference, and conicity index. Results The AUC of metabolic abnormalities was the highest for waist-to-height ratio (AUC [95% CIs], 0.677 [0.672–0.683] among men; 0.691 [0.687–0.694] among women), and the lowest for the C index (0.616 [0.611–0.622] among men; 0.645 [0.641–0.649] among women) among both men and women. The optimal cutoff values were 24.3 kg/m2 for the body mass index, 0.887 for the waist-to-hip ratio, 0.499 for the waist-to-height ratio, 84.4 cm for waist circumference and 1.20 m3/2/kg1/2 for the conicity index among men, and 23.4 kg/m2 for the body mass index, 0.832 for the waist-to-hip ratio, 0.496 for the waist-to-height ratio, 77.0 cm for the waist circumference and 1.18 m3/2/kg1/2 for the conicity index among women. Conclusion The waist-to-height ratio is the best index to discriminate metabolic abnormalities among middle-aged Koreans. The optimal cutoff of obesity indices is lower than the international guidelines for obesity. It would be appropriate to use the indices for abdominal obesity rather than general obesity and to consider a lower level of body mass index and waist circumference than the current guidelines to determine obesity-related health problems in Koreans.

scholarly journals Retinol-Binding Protein 4 and Its Relation to Insulin Resistance in Obese Children before and after Weight Loss

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 2287-2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Reinehr ◽  
Birgit Stoffel-Wagner ◽  
Christian L. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Homa Index ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽  
Lean Children

Abstract Context: There are limited and controversial data concerning the relationships between retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), weight status, and insulin resistance in obese humans and especially in children. Objective: Our objective was to study the longitudinal relationships among RBP4, insulin resistance and weight status in obese children. Design, Setting, and Patients: We conducted a 1-yr longitudinal follow-up study in a primary-care setting with 43 obese children (median age 10.8 yr) and 19 lean children of same the age and gender. Intervention: Our outpatient 1-yr intervention program was based on exercise, behavior, and nutrition therapy. Main Outcomes Measures: Changes of weight status (body mass index sd score), RBP4, molar RBP4/serum retinol (SR) ratio, insulin resistance index homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Results: Obese children had significantly (P &lt; 0.01) higher RBP4 concentrations and a higher RBP4/SR ratio compared with lean children. In multiple linear regression analyses adjusted to age, gender, and pubertal stage, RBP4 was significantly correlated to insulin and body mass index. Pubertal children demonstrated significantly decreased QUICKI and significantly increased HOMA index, insulin, and RBP4 concentrations compared with prepubertal children. Changes of RBP4 correlated significantly to changes of insulin (r = 0.29), HOMA index (r = 0.29), QUICKI (r = 0.22), and weight status (r = 0.31). Substantial weight loss in 25 children led to a significant (P &lt; 0.001) decrease of RBP4, RBP4/SR, blood pressure, triglycerides, insulin, and HOMA index and an increase in QUICKI in contrast to the 18 children without substantial weight loss. Conclusion: RBP4 levels were related to weight status and insulin resistance in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, suggesting a relationship between RBP4, obesity, and insulin resistance in children.

scholarly journals Body mass index classification misses to identify children with an elevated waist-to-height ratio at 5 years of age

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelie Lindholm ◽  
Josefine Roswall ◽  
Bernt Alm ◽  
Gerd Almquist-Tangen ◽  
Ann Bremander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Body Mass Index Classification

scholarly journals Family average income and body mass index above the healthy weight range among urban and rural residents in regional Mainland China

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xu ◽  
Xiao-Mei Yin ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Eva Leslie ◽  
Robert Ware ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Socio Economic Status

AbstractObjective:To explore the relationship between family average income (FAI; an index of socio-economic status) and body mass index (BMI; a widely used, inexpensive indicator of weight status) above the healthy weight range in a region of Mainland China.Design:Population-based cross-sectional study, conducted between October 1999 and March 2000 on a sample of regular local residents aged 35 years or older who were selected by random cluster sampling.Setting:Forty-five administrative villages selected from three urban districts and two rural counties of Nanjing municipality, Mainland China, with a regional population of 5.6 million.Subjects:In total, 29 340 subjects participated; 67.7% from urban and 32.3% from rural areas; 49.8% male and 50.2% female. The response rate among eligible participants was 90.1%.Results:The proportion of participants classified as overweight was 30.5%, while 7.8% were identified as obese. After adjusting for possible confounding variables (age, gender, area of residence, educational level, occupational and leisure-time physical activity, daily vegetable consumption and frequency of red meat intake), urban participants were more likely to be overweight or obese relative to their rural counterparts, more women than men were obese, and participants in the lowest FAI tertile were the least likely to be above the healthy weight range.Conclusions:The proportion of adults with BMI above the healthy weight range was positively related to having a higher socio-economic status (indexed by FAI) in a regional Chinese population.

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