The narcissistic experience of friendship: The roles of agentic and communal orientations toward friendship

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 2693-2713
Author(s):  
Destaney Sauls ◽  
Virgil Zeigler-Hill
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Self Protection

Narcissism is associated with a wide array of interpersonal problems. The present studies examined the connections between narcissistic personality features and the experience of friendship. We were interested in the possibility that narcissistic admiration (an agentic form of narcissism characterized by assertive self-enhancement and self-promotion) and narcissistic rivalry (an antagonistic form of narcissism characterized by self-protection and self-defense) may have divergent associations with various aspects of friendship. Study 1 found that narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry had divergent associations with maximizing selectivity and negative friendship attributions that were mediated by the agentic and communal orientations toward friendship. Study 2 found that narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry had divergent associations with friendship commitment that were again mediated by agentic and communal orientations toward friendship. These results demonstrate the similarities and differences between narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry in the context of friendship as well as the important roles that agentic and communal orientations toward friendship play in the connections that narcissistic personality features have with outcomes concerning friendship.

Transmission risk behaviors in a subset of HIV-positive individuals: The role of narcissistic personality features

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Martin ◽  
Eric G. Benotsch ◽  
Shannon Perschbacher Lance ◽  
Marisa Green
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Personality Features

scholarly journals Impact of Personality Features and Interpersonal Problems on Anxiety Among Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 897-898
Author(s):  
Olivia Noel ◽  
Katie Granier ◽  
Daniel Segal ◽  
Marissa Pifer ◽  
Lisa Stone
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Introduction Anxiety is a significant mental health problem among older adults and is associated with multiple other mental disorders, poor psychosocial functioning, and reduced quality of life. Personality traits and disorders, along with interpersonal problems, may play a significant role in anxiety, but these relationships are not well understood among older adults. This study examined relationships between anxiety with normative personality traits, personality disorder (PD) features, and interpersonal problems. Method: Community-dwelling older adults (N = 130) completed the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS), Coolidge Axis Two Inventory (CATI), Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2), and Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Problems (CSIP). Results Anxiety was positively correlated with 13 of 14 CATI PD scales, ranging from .23 (Narcissistic) to .61 (Depressive). Regarding normative personality, anxiety was associated with Agreeableness (-.23), Conscientiousness (-.30), Extraversion (-.31), and Negative Emotionality (.56). Regarding interpersonal problems, anxiety was positively related to all eight CSIP scales: Self-Sacrificing (.30), Domineering (.31), Exploitable (.40), Intrusive (.41), Self-centered (.47), Nonassertive (.50), Socially Inhibited (.60), and Distant/Cold (.62). Regression analyses indicated that PD features accounted for the most variance in anxiety (53%), followed by interpersonal problems, (46%) and normative personality traits (33%). Discussion Anxiety appears to be meaningfully associated with PD features, several aspects of normative personality, and interpersonal problems, suggesting that these variables may play a role in the development of anxiety, or vice versa. Our findings especially speak to the growing awareness of the deleterious impact of PD features on clinical syndromes in later life, as evidenced by strong comorbidities with anxiety.

Community Security and Self-Defense

Unruly People ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Antony
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The State ◽  
Famine Relief ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
State Agents ◽  
The Government ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Do So

Chapter 5 analyzes local self-regulation and law enforcement efforts. In conjunction with government, local communities also devised various methods for their own security and self-defense. Despite the state’s efforts and accomplishments in reaching down into local communities, the countryside was too vast and populous for state agents to penetrate everywhere. Normally the government preferred not to intervene directly in local affairs, but rather, to do so only indirectly through community lecture (xiangyue) and mutual surveillance (baojia) agents. Occasionally, in times of crises, the state would intervene more directly, such as in cases of famine relief and the suppression of riots and rebellions, but more routine security matters were normally left to each individual community. Rural towns and villages adopted a number of strategies for self-protection against bandits, including walls and other fortifications, guardsmen units, crop-watching associations, and militia. Nonetheless, I also argue that there was a complicated mix of activities in local communities involving both protection and predation.

Vulnerability to Victimization, Concurrent Problem Behaviors, and Peer Influence as Predictors of In-School Weapon Carrying Among High School Students

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Simon ◽  
Clyde W. Dent ◽  
Steve Sussman
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Weapon Carrying ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Concurrent Problem ◽  
Self Protection

Previous research has indicated the potential relevance of three constructs in the prediction of adolescent weapon carrying, (a) general delinquency, (b) self-protection, and (c) social influence. The current study tests the independent associations between in-school weapon carrying and these three constructs. The sample consisted of 504 students from seven southern California high schools. Overall, 25% of the sample carried a weapon to school in the last year. Self-defense was the most commonly reported reason for in-school weapon carrying. The results from a simultaneous logistic regression analysis indicated increased risk of in-school weapon carrying among students who are male, who are affiliated with gangs or tagging crews, who are exposed to peers who carry weapons to school, and who feel vulnerable to being victimized. Prevention programs targeted at reducing in-school weapon carrying may benefit from a comprehensive focus that includes efforts to reduce involvement in other problem behaviors, influence norms regarding weapon carrying, and reduce actual and perceived vulnerability to victimization.

Deterrence and the Just Distribution of Harm

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Sense ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Justification Of Punishment ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Plausible Theory ◽  
Forward Looking

It is extraordinary, when one thinks about it, how little attention has been paid by theorists of the nature and justification of punishment to the idea that punishment is essentially a matter of self-defense. H. L. A. Hart, for example, in his famous “Prolegomenon to the Principles of Punishment,” is clearly committed to the view that, at bottom, there are just three directions in which a plausible theory of punishment can go: we can try to justify punishment on purely consequentialist grounds, which for Hart, I think, would be to try to construct a purely utilitarian justification of punishment; we can try to justify punishment on purely retributive grounds; or we can try to justify punishment on grounds that are some sort of shrewd combination of consequentialist and retributive considerations. Entirely absent from Hart's discussion is any consideration of the possibility that punishment might be neither a matter of maximizing the good, nor of exacting retribution for a wrongful act, nor of some imaginative combination of these things, but, rather, of something altogether different from either of them: namely, the exercise of a fundamental right of self-protection. Similarly, but much more recently, R. A. Duff, despite the fact that he himself introduces and defends an extremely interesting fourth possibility, begins his discussion by writing as though, apart from his contribution, there are available to us essentially just the options previously sketched by Hart. Again, there is no mention here, any more than in Hart's or any number of other recent discussions, of the possibility that we might be able to justify the institution of punishment on grounds that are indeed forward-looking, to use Hart's famous term, but that are not at all consequentialist in any ordinary sense of the word.

scholarly journals Attributions for Rejection and Acceptance in Young Adults With Borderline and Avoidant Personality Features

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy R. Berenson ◽  
Olga Nynaes ◽  
Emily S. Wakschal ◽  
Laura M. Kapner ◽  
Erin C. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
The Self ◽  
Attributional Styles ◽  
Interpersonal Dysfunction ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Borderline Personality Features

Individuals with borderline and avoidant personality disorders show interpersonal dysfunction that includes maladaptive responses to rejection and reduced emotional benefits from acceptance. To identify the attributional styles that may underlie these difficulties, we examined causal attributions for rejection and acceptance among undergraduates high in features of each disorder and a healthy comparison group. In Study 1, participants rated how likely they were to attribute hypothetical rejection and acceptance experiences to positive and negative qualities of the self and others, as well as external circumstances. In Study 2, we examined these same attributions in daily diary assessments of real rejection and acceptance experiences. Although the two studies showed some differences in results, they both linked borderline personality features with suspicious, selfbolstering responses and avoidant personality features with perceived inferiority. Distinct attributional styles may contribute to the distinct interpersonal problems characteristic of these conditions.

scholarly journals Joint trajectories for social and physical aggression as predictors of adolescent maladjustment: Internalizing symptoms, rule-breaking behaviors, and borderline and narcissistic personality features

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 659-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion K. Underwood ◽  
Kurt J. Beron ◽  
Lisa H. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Rule Breaking ◽  
Personality Features

AbstractThis investigation examined the relation between developmental trajectories jointly estimated for social and physical aggression and adjustment problems at age 14. Teachers provided ratings of children's social and physical aggression in Grades 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 for a sample of 255 children (131 girls, 21% African American, 52% European American, 21% Mexican American). Participants, parents, and teachers completed measures of the adolescent's adjustment to assess internalizing symptoms, rule-breaking behaviors, and borderline and narcissistic personality features. Results showed that membership in a high and rising trajectory group predicted rule-breaking behaviors and borderline personality features. Membership in a high desister group predicted internalizing symptoms, rule-breaking behaviors, and borderline and narcissistic personality features. The findings suggest that although low levels of social and physical aggression may not bode poorly for adjustment, individuals engaging in high levels of social and physical aggression in middle childhood may be at greatest risk for adolescent psychopathology, whether they increase or desist in their aggression through early adolescence.

scholarly journals Narcissism and Exercise Addiction: The Mediating Roles of Exercise-Related Motives

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4243
Author(s):  
Virgil Zeigler-Hill ◽  
Avi Besser ◽  
Maor Gabay ◽  
Gracynn Young
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
Exercise Addiction ◽  
Narcissistic Vulnerability ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Personality Features

The present research examined whether the associations that narcissistic personality features had with exercise addiction were mediated by particular motives for engaging in exercise in a large Israeli community sample (N = 2629). The results revealed that each aspect of narcissism was positively associated with exercise addiction. Narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry had similar positive indirect associations with exercise addiction through the interpersonal motive for exercise. However, these aspects of narcissism diverged in their indirect associations with exercise addiction through psychological motives, body-related motives, and fitness motives for exercise such that these indirect associations were positive for narcissistic admiration but negative for narcissistic rivalry. Narcissistic vulnerability had positive indirect associations with exercise addiction through body-related motives and fitness motives that were similar to those observed for narcissistic admiration. These results suggest that exercise-related motives may play important roles in the associations that narcissistic personality features have with exercise addiction. The discussion will focus on the implications of these results for understanding the complex connections between narcissism and exercise addiction.

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