Clustering of metabolic comorbidity in schizophrenia: a genetic contribution?

People with schizophrenia are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than the general population. Although an increased risk of diabetes has been attributed to environmental determinants such as diet, lifestyle and antipsychotic drugs, the association between these two disorders was noticed well before the advent of current lifestyles and pharmacological interventions, raising the possibility of a shared genetic basis. Schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes are common diseases with a complex mode of inheritance which includes both genetic factors and environmental determinants. As susceptibility genes for both type 2 diabetes and schizophrenia are beginning to be identified there is increasing interest in the possibility of shared susceptibility loci between the two conditions. This article reviews the genetic basis to schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes and discusses the potential for shared loci between both conditions.

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Tobacco and type 2 diabetes: is the association explained by genetic factors?

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyz002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 926-933

Author(s):

Sofia Carlsson ◽

Ralf Kuja-Halkola ◽

Cecilia Magnusson ◽

Ylva Trolle Lagerros ◽

Tomas Andersson

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Patient Registries ◽

Genetic Components ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Shared Genetic

Abstract Background Smoking and use of Swedish smokeless tobacco (snus) are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to estimate the unique and shared genetic components of these traits and to what extent the association is explained by shared genetic factors. Methods We used twins of the Swedish Twin Registry who responded to a questionnaire between 1998 and 2006 (n = 40 247) and were followed until 2015 in the National Prescription and Patient Registries. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) for the association between smoking/snus use and T2D (n = 2130) and used structural equation models to estimate genetic and environmental variance components and genetic correlations. Results Current smokers [HR 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.49–1.92] and snus users (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.01–1.41) had an increased risk of T2D. In within-pair analyses of monozygotic twins, corresponding ORs were 1.36, 95% CI 0.75–2.46 (smoking) and 1.54, 95% CI 0.80–2.99 (snus). Heritability was 43% (95% CI 36–51) for ever smoking, 58% (95% CI 44– 70) for ever snus use and 66% (95% CI 59–72) for T2D. The genetic correlation with T2D was 18% (95% CI 1–35) for smoking and –6% (95% CI –24 to 4) for snus use, indicating that only a small fraction of the genetic influence is shared. Conclusions We could confirm that consumers of snus and cigarettes are at increased risk of T2D. Both snus use and smoking have strong genetic components, which appears to be attributable primarily to genes that are distinct from those promoting T2D.

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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): Current concept and a short Review

Bangladesh Journal of Pathology ◽

10.3329/bjpath.v24i1.2877 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 16-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MT Rahman ◽

T Tahmin ◽

S Ferdousi ◽

SN Bela

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Later Life ◽

Short Review ◽

Current Concept ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Develop Type

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a very common and important disease occurring during pregnancy and has detrimental effect on both the mother and the baby. The mother is at increased risk of developing obstetric complications like prolonged labour, prone to develop type 2 diabetes in future and the baby is born with overweight, cause of childhood obesity and later life development of type 2 diabetes. A short review and current concept of GDM is discussed. Key words: GDM, Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Macrosomia, Complications doi: 10.3329/bjpath.v24i1.2877 Bangladesh J Pathol 24 (1) : 16-20

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Shared Genetic Factors Involved in Celiac Disease, Type 2 Diabetes and Anorexia Nervosa Suggest Common Molecular Pathways for Chronic Diseases

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0159593 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. e0159593 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Joanna Mostowy ◽

Caroline Montén ◽

Audur H. Gudjonsdottir ◽

Henrik Arnell ◽

Lars Browaldh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Celiac Disease ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Disease Type ◽

Molecular Pathways ◽

Shared Genetic

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Genetics of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes ◽

10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.1329 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1734-1740 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Niels Grarup ◽

Torben Hansen ◽

Oluf Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Genetic Basis ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Common Type ◽

Molecular Pathogenesis ◽

Molecular Genetic Basis

For years, it has been well known that genetic factors are crucially important for the development of type 2 diabetes. Despite major efforts in seeking to understand the molecular genetic basis, until a few years ago, only a handful of genes responsible for relatively rare monogenic and syndromic subsets of diabetes were detected, and progress in finding genetic predispositions to common type 2 diabetes was lacking. Even though the unravelling of the molecular pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is still in its infancy, the last few years have, nevertheless, brought some interesting developments. Box 13.3.1.1 provides a glossary of terms used currently in genetics.

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Abstract 3227: Contribution Of Known Genetic Factors To Increased Risk Of Type-2 Diabetes In Indian Asians

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.s_1117-a ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽

Author(s):

John Chambers ◽

Paul Elliott ◽

Weihua Zhang ◽

Jaspal S Kooner

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Risk Allele ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Specific Pcr ◽

Increased Risk

Background. Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is 2– 4 fold more common amongst Indian Asians than North American and European whites, and is a major contributor to two-fold higher cardiovascular disease mortality in Asians. We investigated whether genetic variation in the validated T2D genes, contributes to the increased risk of T2D amongst Indian Asians, compared to European whites. Methods. We examined the association of genetic variants in the 16 validated T2D genes with T2D amongst 9,776 Indian Asian and 4,407 European white men and women, aged 35–75 years, participating in the London Life Sciences Prospective Population (LOLIPOP) study. Genotyping was performed by competitive allele-specific PCR (KASPar). Results. Indian Asians had higher T2D prevalence (20.9% vs 8.7%, P<0.001), despite lower age (50.3±10.9 vs 52.1±11.6, P<0.001) and body mass index (26.9±4.1 vs 27.6±4.7, P<0.001), compared to Europeans. Genotyping confirmed association of WFS1, SLC30A8, PPARG, IGF2BP2, TCF7L2, JAZF1, CDKN2A/B, HHEX/IDE and FTO with T2D in both populations (P<0.05). Associations of CDKAL1 , KCNJ11, THADA, CDC123-CAMK1D, ADAMTS9, TSPAN8-LGR5 or NOTCH2 with T2D did not reach statistical significance. SNP risk allele frequency was higher for six, but lower for nine, in Indian Asians compared to Europeans. In regression analysis, risk of T2D remained 3.6 (95%CI 3.2– 4.1, P<0.001) fold higher amongst Indian Asians compared to Europeans, despite adjustment for age, body mass index and known genetic factors. Discussion. Known genetic variants show similar association with T2D, and have similar risk allele frequencies, amongst Indian Asians and Europeans. These genetic factors do not account for the three-fold increased risk of T2D amongst Indian Asians.

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