scholarly journals Dynamic brain glucose metabolism identifies anti-correlated cortical-cerebellar networks at rest

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 3659-3670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dardo G Tomasi ◽  
Ehsan Shokri-Kojori ◽  
Corinde E Wiers ◽  
Sunny W Kim ◽  
Şukru B Demiral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Connectivity Patterns ◽  
Metabolic Connectivity ◽  
Group Independent Component Analysis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Healthy Participants

It remains unclear whether resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rfMRI) networks are associated with underlying synchrony in energy demand, as measured by dynamic 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoroglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). We measured absolute glucose metabolism, temporal metabolic connectivity (t-MC) and rfMRI patterns in 53 healthy participants at rest. Twenty-two rfMRI networks emerged from group independent component analysis (gICA). In contrast, only two anti-correlated t-MC emerged from FDG-PET time series using gICA or seed-voxel correlations; one included frontal, parietal and temporal cortices, the other included the cerebellum and medial temporal regions. Whereas cerebellum, thalamus, globus pallidus and calcarine cortex arose as the strongest t-MC hubs, the precuneus and visual cortex arose as the strongest rfMRI hubs. The strength of the t-MC linearly increased with the metabolic rate of glucose suggesting that t-MC measures are strongly associated with the energy demand of the brain tissue, and could reflect regional differences in glucose metabolism, counterbalanced metabolic network demand, and/or differential time-varying delivery of FDG. The mismatch between metabolic and functional connectivity patterns computed as a function of time could reflect differences in the temporal characteristics of glucose metabolism as measured with PET-FDG and brain activation as measured with rfMRI.

scholarly journals Pain Detection and the Privacy of Subjective Experience

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 433-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Kolber
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Medical Evidence ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

A neurologist with abdominal pain goes to see a gastroenterologist for treatment. The gastroenterologist asks the neurologist where it hurts. The neurologist replies, “In my head, of course.” Indeed, while we can feel pain throughout much of our bodies, pain signals undergo most of their processing in the brain. Using neuroimaging techniques like functional magnetic resonance imaging (“fMRI”) and positron emission tomography (“PET”), researchers have more precisely identified brain regions that enable us to experience physical pain. Certain regions of the brain's cortex, for example, increase in activation when subjects are exposed to painful stimuli. Furthermore, the amount of activation increases with the intensity of the painful stimulus. These findings suggest that we may be able to gain insight into the amount of pain a particular person is experiencing by non-invasively imaging his brain.Such insight could be particularly valuable in the courtroom where we often have no definitive medical evidence to prove or disprove claims about the existence and extent of pain symptoms.

Astrocytes Couple Synaptic Activity to Glucose Utilization in the Brain

Physiology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre J. Magistretti ◽  
Luc Pellerin
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Glutamate Uptake ◽  
Synaptic Cleft ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Brain

Astrocytes have functional characteristics that make them particularly well suited to couple glutamate uptake from the synaptic cleft to Na+-K+-ATPase activation and glucose utilization. The changes in glucose metabolism associated with these processes may provide signals detected by positron emission tomography.

scholarly journals Visualized Characterization for Cerebral Response of Acupuncture Deqi: Paradox Underway

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Ming-Xiao Yang ◽  
Fang Zeng ◽  
Xi Wu ◽  
Jiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Sham Control ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Natural Healing ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Modern Technologies

Acupuncture as an oriental natural healing therapy with prolonged history has been extensively utilized in the management of great numbers of disorders. Deqi, a renowned acupuncture needling sensation, is profoundly regarded as the predictor and also the prerequisite of a preferable acupuncture treatment efficacy. Till now, there is still no consistency being reached towards the mechanism of acupuncture Deqi as a result of the discrepancy for publicly acknowledged evidence. Recent visualized research on Deqi using modern technologies has demonstrated possible central mechanism towards it. However, there is a conspicuous paradox underway in the research of cerebral response to acupuncture Deqi. This paper provided a view of up-to-date studies using visualized tools to characterize the brain response to acupuncture Deqi, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). The paradox was extruded to highlight certain reasons from a TCM view. It is hypothesized that acupoints located at different dermal sites, state of participant, and needling manipulation can all contribute to the current paradox. Hence, further studies on acupuncture Deqi should pay more attention to the strategy of experiment design with generalized measurement, valid sham control methods, and more to subjects in diseased condition.

scholarly journals Metabolic and haemodynamic resting-state connectivity of the human brain: a high-temporal resolution simultaneous BOLD-fMRI and FDG-fPET multimodality study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharna D Jamadar ◽  
Phillip GD Ward ◽  
Emma Xingwen Liang ◽  
Edwina R Orchard ◽  
Zhaolin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Metabolic Connectivity ◽  
The Brain

AbstractSimultaneous FDG-PET/fMRI ([18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography functional magnetic resonance imaging) provides the capacity to image two sources of energetic dynamics in the brain – glucose metabolism and haemodynamic response. Functional fMRI connectivity has been enormously useful for characterising interactions between distributed brain networks in humans. Metabolic connectivity based on static FDG-PET has been proposed as a biomarker for neurological disease; but static FDG-PET cannot be used to estimate subjectlevel measures of connectivity, only across-subject covariance. Here, we applied high-temporal resolution constant infusion fPET to measure subject-level metabolic connectivity simultaneously with fMRI connectivity. fPET metabolic connectivity was characterised by fronto-parietal connectivity within and between hemispheres. fPET metabolic connectivity showed moderate similarity with fMRI primarily in superior cortex and frontoparietal regions. Significantly, fPET metabolic connectivity showed little similarity with static FDG-PET metabolic covariance, indicating that metabolic brain connectivity is a non-ergodic process whereby individual brain connectivity cannot be inferred from group level metabolic covariance. Our results highlight the complementary strengths of fPET and fMRI in measuring the intrinsic connectivity of the brain, and open up the opportunity for novel fundamental studies of human brain connectivity as well as multi-modality biomarkers of neurological diseases.

scholarly journals Different theta connectivity patterns underlie pleasantness evoked by familiar and unfamiliar music

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ara ◽  
Josep Marco-Pallarés
Keyword(s):  
Present Experiment ◽  
Phase Synchronization ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Connectivity Patterns ◽  
Theta Phase ◽  
Oscillatory Mechanisms ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Healthy Participants

AbstractMusic-evoked pleasantness has been extensively reported to be modulated by familiarity. Nevertheless, while the brain temporal dynamics underlying the process of giving value to music are beginning to be understood, little is known about how familiarity might modulate the oscillatory activity associated with music-evoked pleasantness. The goal of the present experiment was to study the influence of familiarity in the relation between theta phase synchronization and music-evoked pleasantness. EEG was recorded from 22 healthy participants while they were listening to both familiar and unfamiliar music and rating the experienced degree of evoked pleasantness. By exploring interactions, we found that right fronto-temporal theta synchronization was positively associated with music-evoked pleasantness when listening to unfamiliar music. On the contrary, inter-hemispheric temporo-parietal theta synchronization was positively associated with music-evoked pleasantness when listening to familiar music. These results shed some light on the possible oscillatory mechanisms underlying fronto-temporal and temporo-parietal connectivity and their relationship with music-evoked pleasantness and familiarity.

scholarly journals Fibromyalgia: psychiatrists should now be picking up the baton

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Leigh A. Neal
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Biological Abnormality ◽  
The Brain

SummaryRecent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) scan studies have demonstrated the importance of the modulation of pain perception by the emotional regions of the brain in fibromyalgia. In the absence of any other objective biological abnormality, is it time to review the respective roles of primary care, psychiatry and rheumatology in the classification, diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia?

scholarly journals Effects of Electroacupuncture at Head Points on the Function of Cerebral Motor Areas in Stroke Patients: A PET Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuo Fang ◽  
Jia Ning ◽  
Chang Xiong ◽  
Yao Shulin
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Cerebral Function ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Positron emission tomography (PET) is used to observe the cerebral function widely and is a good method to explore the mechanism of acupuncture treatment on the central nervous system. By using this method, we observed the cerebral function of 6 patients suffering from ischemic stroke after receiving EA treatment at Baihui(GV20) and right Qubin(GB7). The results were: (1) the glucose metabolism changed significantly on primary motor area (M1), premotor cortex (PMC), and superior parietal louble (LPs) bilaterally, as well as the Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) on the unaffected hemisphere right after the first EA treatment. (2) The glucose metabolism on bilateral M1 and LPs changed significantly after three weeks of daily EA treatments. (3) The glucose metabolism on other areas such as insula, putamen, and cerebellum changed significantly. It demonstrated that EA at Qubin and Baihui couldactivate the cerebral structures related to motor function on the bilateral hemispheres.We concluded that EA was very helpful for the cerebral motor plasticity after the ischemic stroke. Also based on this study we assumed that the brain plasticity should be a network and that acupuncture participated in some sections of this course.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document