scholarly journals Cutaneous Sarcoids in Captive African Lions Associated With Feline Sarcoid-Associated Papillomavirus Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1176-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. B. Orbell ◽  
S. Young ◽  
J. S. Munday
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
African Lions ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Solitary and multiple cutaneous and mucocutaneous masses were identified in 5 of 24 captive African lions ( Panthera leo) over a 6-month-period. All masses were surgically excised, and all were histologically similar to equine and feline sarcoids. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. Polymerase chain reaction amplified DNA sequences that had been previously detected in feline sarcoids and clinically normal bovine skin. All lions had been fed a diet that included bovine carcasses that had not been skinned. Since the cessation of feeding bovine carcasses with cutaneous lesions, no additional skin lesions have been observed within any of the lions. Herein is described the clinical, gross, and histopathological findings of sarcoids in 5 captive lions. As the causative papillomavirus most likely has a bovine definitive host, it is hypothesized that the lions were exposed to the virus by feeding on bovine carcasses with skin still attached.

scholarly journals The Detection and Association of Canine Papillomavirus with Benign and Malignant Skin Lesions in Dogs

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Yu Chang ◽  
Wei-Tao Chen ◽  
Takeshi Haga ◽  
Nanako Yamashita ◽  
Chi-Fen Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Ffpe Tissues ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Papillomavirus (PV) mainly infects the squamous epithelium and may potentially lead to benign or even malignant cutaneous lesions. However, the malignant transforming ability has been identified in several types of PVs. In humans, papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18 are the most prevalent causative agents of cervical cancer. Therefore, vaccines are being developed to protect against these types. For dogs, there have been limited investigations into the association of different canine papillomavirus (CPV) genotypes with malignant lesions. Understanding the high-risk CPV genotype(s) responsible for these malignant lesions would contribute to the development of interventions for preventing CPV-induced carcinomas. In the present study, a retrospective cohort of 102 pathologically confirmed papillomas and 212 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) were included. The viral genome and antigens in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues were detected using PCR targeting pan PV E1 and COPV L1 genes and by immunohistochemistry staining (IHC), respectively. PVs were successfully detected from 11 FFPE cutaneous tissues and four oral tissues using pan PV E1- and COPV L1-based PCR, respectively. After sequencing, CPV 1, CPV 2, and CPV 6 were detected in the benign lesions using PCR and were confirmed through IHC. While CPV 9 and CPV 15 were first detected in the SCCs of dogs, CPV 16 was most often detected in SCC specimens. The association and confirmative demonstration of viral genes and intralesional antigens of CPV 9, CPV 15, and CPV 16 in SCCs highlight the potential risk of these genotypes of CPVs in malignant transformation.

scholarly journals Clostridium perfringens–Associated Necrotic Enteritis-Like Disease in Coconut Lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus)

2020 ◽  
pp. 030098582097178
Author(s):  
Llorenç Grau-Roma ◽  
Mauricio Navarro ◽  
Sohvi Blatter ◽  
Christian Wenker ◽  
Sonja Kittl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Ffpe Tissues ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Beta Toxin ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Several outbreaks of necrotic enteritis-like disease in lorikeets, from which Clostridium perfringens was consistently isolated, are described. All lorikeets had acute, segmental, or multifocal fibrinonecrotizing inflammatory lesions in the small and/or the large intestine, with intralesional gram-positive rods. The gene encoding C. perfringens alpha toxin was detected by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues in 20 out of 24 affected lorikeets (83%), but it was not amplified from samples of any of 10 control lorikeets ( P < .0001). The second most prevalent C. perfringens toxin gene detected was the beta toxin gene, which was found in FFPE from 7 out of 24 affected lorikeets (29%). The other toxin genes were detected inconsistently and in a relatively low number of samples. These cases seem to be associated with C. perfringens, although the specific type involved could not be determined.

Prevalence of low-penetrance KRAS (codons 12/13 and 61) and BRAF mutations in metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14147-e14147
Author(s):  
Federico Rojo ◽  
Trinidad Caldes ◽  
Sandra Zazo ◽  
Miguel de la Hoya ◽  
Cristina Carames ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Type ◽  
Braf Mutations ◽  
Kras Mutations ◽  
Activating Mutations ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Intracellular Signal ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Formalin Fixed

e14147 Background: In patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), activating mutations within KRAS, which result in EGFR-independent intracellular signal transduction activation, are found in approximately 35-40% of patients with mCRC have been significantly associated with lack of response to cetuximab or panitumumab therapy. Although current guidelines recommend testing for frequent KRAS codons 12/13 mutations, emerging data indicate that additional KRAS and BRAF mutations are also predictive of non-responsiveness to anti-EGFR antibodies in mCRC. This study is aimed to analyze the prevalence of low-penetrance KRAS and BRAF V600 mutations in caucasian mCRC population. Methods: A two-institution retrospective cohort of 1,238 consecutive KRAS wild type mCRC patients previously studied for 7 mutations in codons 12/13 (G12D, G12A, G12V, G12S, G12R, G12C and G13D) by the CE-IVD marked ARMS-scorpion real-time polymerase chain reaction PCR (Therascreen, Qiagen) was assayed by the diagnostic TaqMelt PCR assay cobas KRAS mutation and cobas BRAF V600 mutation tests (Roche), which are designed to detect 19 mutations in KRAS codons 12, 13 and 61 (including G12F, G13C, G13R, G13S, G13A, G13V, G13I, Q61H, Q61K, Q61R, Q61L, Q61E and Q61P) and BRAF V600 (V600E, V600K and V600D) mutations. An additional cohort of 146 KRAS mutated patients by ARMS-scorpion PCR was studied. DNA was obtained by cobas DNA preparation kit from one single 5µm formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue section. Results: In all samples, sufficient DNA was obtained for KRAS and BRAF mutational studies. Among 1238 KRAS codons 12/13 wild-type patients by ARMS-scorpion PCR,166 (13.4%) showed KRAS mutations, 117 (9.5%) in codons 12/13, and 49 (4%) in codon 61. BRAF V600 mutations were detected in 9% cases. In ARMS-scorpion PCR KRAS mutated patients, mutations were confirmed by cobas in all cases. Conclusions: The cobas mutation tests are robust and reproducible assays that, 1) detects a higher incidence (13.4%) of mutations in codons 12, 13, and 61 of the KRAS gene in wild-type mCRC population, 2) a relevant rate of BRAF mutations is present in the same population, and 3) requires a very small amount of tissue.

scholarly journals Non-isotopic in situ hybridization method for mitochondria in oncocytes.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
V A Varma ◽  
C M Cerjan ◽  
K L Abbott ◽  
S B Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Endogenous Biotin ◽  
Formalin Fixed

We used in situ hybridization to specifically identify mitochondria in a series of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded oncocytic lesions. Digoxigenin-labeled DNA probes were generated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with primers designed to amplify a mitochondrion-specific 154 BP sequence within the ND4 coding region. Probes were hybridized with mitochondrial DNA under stringent conditions. Oncocytes were strongly and consistently stained, reflecting the high copy number of mitochondrial DNA within these cells. Because of the presence of endogenous biotin within mitochondria, digoxigenin is preferable to biotin as a label for detection of mitochondria.

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