Nonhematopoietic Gastrointestinal Neoplasia in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 44 Cases

Gastrointestinal neoplasms other than lymphosarcomas and mast cell tumors were diagnosed in 44 cats during a 14-year period at the Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory. All the tumors were malignant; 31 metastasized or recurred. One cat had fibrosarcoma; another, leiomyosarcoma. The other 42 cats had adenocarcinomas, which were subclassified into three histologic patterns: tubular adenocarcinoma; undifferentiated carcinoma; and mucinous adenocarcinoma. The cats averaged 10.6 years of age. There was no sex predisposition. Siamese cats had a higher frequency of adenocarcinomas than other breeds. Osseous and chondroid metaplasia occurred in nine adenocarcinomas.

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Canine conjunctival mast cell tumors: a retrospective study

Veterinary Ophthalmology ◽

10.1111/j.1463-5224.2010.00857.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 153-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Matthew Fife ◽

Tiffany Blocker ◽

Tina Fife ◽

Richard R. Dubielzig ◽

Karen Dunn

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Mast Cell Tumors

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Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of feline splenic mast cell tumors: A multi-institutional retrospective study of 64 cases

Veterinary and Comparative Oncology ◽

10.1111/vco.12305 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 20-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

B. J. Evans ◽

D. O'Brien ◽

S. D. Allstadt ◽

T. P. Gregor ◽

K. U. Sorenmo

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Mast Cell Tumors

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Streptococclcs Suis Infection in Swine: A Retrospective Study of 256 Cases. Part II. Clinical Signs, Gross and Microscopic Lesions, and Coexisting Microorganisms

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063879400600308 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 326-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Rachel Y. Reams ◽

Lawrence T. Glickman ◽

Daniel D. Harrington ◽

H. Leon Thacker ◽

Terry L. Bowersock

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Pasteurella Multocida ◽

Bacterial Culture ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Animal Disease ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Serotype 1 ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Gross Lesions

A retrospective study of 256 cases of naturally acquired Streptococcus suis infections in swine submitted to the Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory from 1985 to 1989 was undertaken to describe the clinical signs, lesions, and coexisting organisms associated with S. suis serotypes 1–8 and 1/2. Infected pigs generally had clinical signs and gross lesions referable to either the respiratory system or to the central nervous system (CNS), but not both. Neurologic signs were inversely related to gross lesions in the respiratory tract ( R2 = −0.19, P = 0.003), as were respiratory signs and gross lesions in the CNS ( R2 = −0.19, P = 0.003). Suppurative bronchopneumonia was the most common gross lesion observed (55.2%, overall). Fibrinous and/or suppurative pleuritis, epicarditis, pericarditis, arthritis, peritonitis, and polyserositis were also reported. In 68% of the pigs, other bacteria in addition to S. suis were isolated. Escherichia coli (35.0%) and Pasteurella multocida (30.0%) were the most commonly recovered bacterial agents. Mycoplasma and viral agents were identified less often, and their role in the development of streptococcosis was difficult to assess. In pigs infected with serotypes 2–5, 7, 8, and 1/2, suppurative meningitis with suppurative or nonsuppurative encephalitis, suppurative bronchopneumonia, fibrinopurulent epicarditis, multifocal myocarditis, and cardiac vasculitis were the most common microscopic lesions observed, whereas pigs infected with serotype 1 generally presented with suppurative meningitis and interstitial pneumonia. Microscopic lesions were morphologically similar among serotypes and were also similar to those reported with other pyogenic bacteria. The distribution of clinical signs and the gross and microscopic lesions in pigs infected with S. suis varied among serotypes. However, these differences were not statistically significant and could not be used to distinguish between the various serotypes. These findings suggest that in pigs infected with S. suis, suppurative or fibrinopurulent inflammation in brain, heart, lungs, and serosae predominates and that bacterial culture is needed to confirm a diagnosis of streptococcosis in swine and to differentiate this disease from those caused by other pyogenic bacteria.

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Prognosis Following Surgical Excision of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors With Histopathologically Tumor-Free Versus Nontumor-Free Margins: A Retrospective Study of 31 Cases

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/0380458 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 458-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Gina M. Michels ◽

Deborah W. Knapp ◽

Dennis B. DeNicola ◽

Nita Glickman ◽

Patty Bonney

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Small Sample Size ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Local Relapse ◽

Small Sample ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Statistical Support ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Tumor Related Death

The purpose of this study was to determine if the presence of histopathologically tumor-free versus nontumor-free margins was prognostic for relapse or tumor-related death in dogs following surgical excision of single or multiple cutaneous mast cell tumors confined to the skin without evidence of metastasis to lymph nodes or other noncutaneous sites. Differences in tumor-related death or frequency of relapse between the two groups were not significant. Failure to achieve histopathological tumor-free margins frequently did not lead to local relapse. All tumor-related deaths occurred following local relapse. The lack of statistical support for an association between prognosis and histopathological tumor-free versus nontumor-free margins may be a result of small sample size.

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Use of different fixation times and application of two immunohistochemical methods for detection of KIT and Ki67 proteins in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5843 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 52-60

Author(s):

Alex dos Santos ◽

Harlan H.L. Nascimento ◽

Mariana M. Flores ◽

Glaucia D. Kommers

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Growth Fraction ◽

Fixation Time ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Grading Systems ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell

ABSTRACT: Due to the high prevalence of mast cell tumors (MCTs) in the diagnostic routine, several factors, especially prognostic, have been sought to determine the biological behavior of these neoplasms. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is one of the main tools utilized to biologically differentiate more aggressive tumors from less aggressive ones. However, some immunostainings are influenced by formalin fixation, interfering with the results. This is both a retrospective and prospective study of MCTs diagnosed in laboratory routine. A total of 25 samples, without knowledge about fixation time, were analyzed in the retrospective study, whereas 12 samples, with known fixation times, were assessed in the prospective study. Two histologic grading systems (Patnaik and Kiupel), special staining of toluidine blue, and IHC for KIT and Ki67 proteins were applied in both studies. Additionally, two amplification systems (biotinylated and non-biotinylated) for Ki67 protein and counting of the argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions (AgNOR method) were tested in the prospective study. In the retrospective study, greater agreement between the evaluating pathologists was observed when the Kiupel system was used. IHC staining for KIT protein was effective in both studies, regardless of fixation time. IHC staining for Ki67 protein was highly sensitive to formaldehyde, and staining failure was observed in 56% of the cases in the retrospective study. In the prospective study, samples fixed for longer than 24 hours showed a reduction in the number of stained cells (altering the determination of the cell growth fraction) or showed absence of IHC staining in both amplification systems. The use of the AgNOR method to evaluate the rate of cell proliferation may be an alternative when the fixation time of the neoplasm is unknown or longer than 24 hours.

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Disseminated Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors with Epitheliotropism and Systemic Mastocytosis in a Domestic Cat

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063870902100520 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 710-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Catherine G. Lamm ◽

Adam W. Stern ◽

Amanda J. Smith ◽

Emily J. Cooper ◽

Steven W. Ullom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Messenger Rna ◽

Systemic Mastocytosis ◽

Present Report ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Domestic Cat ◽

Neoplastic Cells ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell

A 15-year-old female Domestic Medium Hair cat presented to the referring veterinarian with a 2-month history of multiple, raised, disseminated, nodular skin lesions. A biopsy of 1 of the lesions was submitted to the Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory for evaluation. Histologically, there were multiple dermal nodules composed of sheets of neoplastic round cells. Multifocally, the neoplastic cells formed multiple small clusters of 3–5 cells within the epidermis. Distinct cytoplasmic granules were evident within the neoplastic cells with toluidine blue and Giemsa stains. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for c-KIT and lacked immunoreactivity for cluster of differentiation 3 with immunohistochemistry. Based on these findings, multiple epitheliotropic cutaneous mast cell tumors were diagnosed. The cat's health declined rapidly despite aggressive treatment, and the animal was humanely euthanatized. A complete necropsy revealed sheets of similar neoplastic mast cells within the spleen, liver, and individual cells scattered within the bone marrow. Exon 11 of the c-KIT messenger RNA from 1 of the cutaneous masses and the spleen was amplified with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, sequenced, and compared with the published c-KIT messenger RNA sequence from fetal cat tissues. The maximum identity was 100% for both tissue samples. To the authors’ knowledge, the present report is the first to describe disseminated cutaneous mast cell tumors with epitheliotropism and systemic mastocytosis in a domestic cat.

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Expression of KIT Receptor in Feline Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.08-vp-0084-r-fl ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 878-883 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

C. Rodríguez-Cariño ◽

D. Fondevila ◽

J. Segalés ◽

R. M. Rabanal

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Toluidine Blue ◽

Cellular Location ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Kit Receptor ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Well Differentiated ◽

Diffuse Distribution

Twenty-seven feline cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) were selected for this retrospective study. Samples were routinely processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and toluidine blue, and tumors were classified as well-differentiated (19/27), atypical or poorly granulate (7/27), and pleomorphic (1/27). Immunohistochemistry to detect KIT protein was performed on all samples. The immunoreactivity was recorded by distribution within the tumor, cellular location, and intensity. Well-differentiated MCTs were predominantly characterized by diffuse cytoplasmic (8/19) and membranous stain (7/19); a diffuse distribution of KIT positive cells was displayed in most of these tumors as well (15/19). Atypical MCTs showed diffuse distribution of labeled cells (4/7), and diffuse cytoplasm immunostaining was seen most (5/7). The pleomorphic MCT showed diffuse cytoplasmic KIT stain, with moderate labeling intensity, typically displaying focal distribution in deeper areas of the neoplasm. According to the results, there was no correlation between the type of MCTs and KIT expression, although the use of feline KIT immunohistochemistry could be useful to assess the mast cell origin.

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The Occurrence of Mast Cell Tumors in Young Shar-Peis

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063879500700311 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 360-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Doris M. Miller

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Grade Ii ◽

Poorly Differentiated

During 1991 and 1992, 802 case submissions diagnosed as canine mast cell tumors were submitted to the Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Eighteen of these submissions were from dogs of the Shar-Pei breed. Of these 18 cases, 5 occurred in Shar-Peis less than 2 years of age, 4 of these were poorly differentiated, and 4 out of 5 occurred in the inguinal or preputial area. Three mast cell tumors (grade I) occurred in Boxer/Boxer cross dogs, and 2 tumors (grade II) occurred in Cocker Spaniels younger than 2 years of age. Of the 23,315 histopathology submissions, only 164 were from Shar-Peis and 57 of these dogs were under 2 years of age.

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HER2 OVEREXPRESSION IN ENDOSCOPIC BIOPSY SAMPLE OF GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA BY IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2012.5.14 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 109-118

Author(s):

Viet Nho Le ◽

Van Huy Tran ◽

Cong Thuan Dang ◽

Van To Ta

Keyword(s):

Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽

Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽

Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma ◽

Signet Ring Cell ◽

Endoscopic Biopsy ◽

Her2 Overexpression ◽

Tubular Adenocarcinoma ◽

Signet Ring ◽

Poorly Differentiated ◽

Well Differentiated

Background and aim: HER2 overexpression by immunohistochemistry is a prognostic maker in gastric cancer and helps to select candidates benefitted from targeted therapy with trastuzumab. This study is aimed at the assessing HER2 overexpression and its relationship with endoscopic and histopathological findings of gastric adenocarcinoma. Objectives and methods: Biopsy samples from 92 gastric cancer patients were examined for HER2 status by immunohistochemical staining. Results: 6.5% of tumors were cardia tumors and 93.5% were non-cardia tumors. Using the Lauren classification, 51.1% were intestinal type and 48.9% were diffuse type. Using WHO classification, 54.3% were tubular adenocarcinoma, 7.6% were mucinous adenocarcinoma, 15.2% were signet-ring cell carcinoma, and 22.8% were undifferentiated carcinoma. 32.6% were well-differentiated, 15.2% were moderately-differentiated, and 52.2% were poorly-differentiated carcinoma. HER2 was positive in 20.7% of gastric carcinomas, 50% cardia tumors and 18.6% non-cardia tumors. HER2 positivity among polypoid, fungating, ulcerated, and infiltrative types were 38.5%, 29.7%, 9.1% and 0%, respectively. HER2 overexpression in intestinal type was higher than that in diffuse type (31.9% vs. 8.9%, p = 0.009). HER2 overexpression in tubular adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma was 28.0%, 14.3%, 7.1% and 14.3%, respectively. HER2 overexpressions were different between differentiation degrees: 30% of well-differentiated tumors, 35.7% moderately-differentiated tumors, and 10.4% of poorly-differentiated tumors (p = 0.037). Conclusions: HER2 overexpression was found in 20.7% of endoscopic biopsy sample of gastric adenocarcinoma and was associated with endoscopic gross characteristic, Lauren histologic type and differentiation degree.

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