Chronic Lymphocytic Cholangitis in Three Cats

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Prasse ◽  
E. A. Mahaffey ◽  
R. DeNovo ◽  
L. Cornelius
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Lymphoid Aggregate ◽  
Chronic Nonsuppurative Destructive Cholangitis ◽  
Clinical Illness ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Lymphoid Aggregates

Wedge biopsy of the liver during episodic clinical illness in three male cats showed chronic lymphocytic cholangitis. Principal clinical findings were increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity and hepatomegaly (two cats) associated with anorexia, pyrexia, and weight loss; these signs of illness were intermittent with asymptomatic periods. The hepatic lesions were characterized by lymphoid aggregate or follicle formation, diffusely dispersed lymphocytes and plasma cells, and abnormal bile ducts and ductules. Lymphoid aggregates and diffusely scattered lymphocytes were seen in the pancreas also. The spectrum of hepatic lesions in three cats seemed to represent a progression in the development of the disease. Similarities and dissimilarities between the findings in the three cats and human primary biliary cirrhosis or chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis are discussed. During a prospective search for cats with this disease, other hepatic lesions were found, and it was concluded that cats may be affected by more than one pathogenic mechanism culminating in chronic cholangitis or cholangiohepatitis.

scholarly journals Plasma cells and the chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis of primary biliary cirrhosis

Hepatology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 846-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Takahashi ◽  
Tomofumi Miura ◽  
Junichiro Nakamura ◽  
Satoshi Yamada ◽  
Tsutomu Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Nonsuppurative Destructive Cholangitis

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of pleural effusion in cats

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1102-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla König ◽  
Katrin Hartmann ◽  
Ralf S Mueller ◽  
Gerhard Wess ◽  
Bianka S Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Lower Protein

Objectives Pleural effusion is a common presenting cause for feline patients in small animal practice. The objectives of this study were to identify possible correlations between the aetiology of effusion and clinical and laboratory findings. Methods In this retrospective study of 306 cats diagnosed with pleural effusion of established aetiology, cats were divided into six major groups: cardiac disease (CD), feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), neoplasia, pyothorax, chylothorax and miscellaneous. Clinical, laboratory and radiographic parameters were compared between groups. Results CD was the most common aetiology (35.3%), followed by neoplasia (30.7%), pyothorax (8.8%), FIP (8.5%), chylothorax (4.6%) and miscellaneous diseases (3.7%). In 26 (8.5%) cats, more than one underlying disease was diagnosed as a possible aetiology for pleural effusion. Cats with FIP were significantly younger than those with CD ( P <0.001) and neoplasia ( P <0.001). Cats with CD were presented with a significantly lower body temperature compared with cats with FIP ( P = 0.022). Cats with CD had significantly higher serum alanine aminotransferase activity compared with all other cats (FIP and pyothorax, P <0.001; neoplasia and chylothorax, P = 0.02) and serum alkaline phosphatase activity compared with the pyothorax ( P <0.001) and FIP groups ( P = 0.04), and significantly lower protein concentrations (FIP, pyothorax and neoplasia, P <0.001; chylothorax, P = 0.04) and nucleated cell counts in the effusion than all other groups (pyothorax and neoplasia, P <0.001; chylothorax, P = 0.02; FIP, P = 0.04). The glucose level in the effusion of cats with pyothorax was significantly lower than glucose levels in patients with CD, neoplasia and chylothorax ( P <0.001). Of 249 cats with a follow-up of at least 10 days, 55.8% died or were euthanased during that time. Conclusions and relevance CD and neoplasia were the most common causes for feline pleural effusion. Age, liver enzymes, as well as cell count, protein and glucose levels in the effusion can aid in the investigation of underlying aetiologies.

Serum alkaline phosphatase activity is regulated by a chromosomal region containing the alkaline phosphatase 2 gene (Akp2) in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Foreman ◽  
David A. Blizard ◽  
Glenn Gerhard ◽  
Holly A. Mack ◽  
Dean H. Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Chromosomal Region ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Lod Score ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Trait Locus

Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses were conducted to identify chromosomal regions that contribute to variability in serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzyme activity in mice derived from the C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) inbred strains. Serum AP was measured in 400 B6D2 F2 mice at 5 mo and 400 B6D2 F2 mice at 15 mo of age that were genotyped at 96 microsatellite markers, and in 19 BXD recombinant inbred (RI) strains at 5 mo of age. A QTL on the distal end of chromosome 4 was present in all sex- and age-specific analyses with a peak logarithm of odds (LOD) score of 20.36 at 58.51 cM. The Akp2 gene, which encodes the major serum AP isozyme, falls within this QTL region at 70.2 cM where the LOD score reached 13.2 (LOD significance level set at 4.3). Serum AP activity was directly related to the number of D2 alleles of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the 5′-flanking region of the Akp2 gene, although no strain-related differences in hepatic expression of Akp2 RNA were found. A variety of sequence polymorphisms in this chromosomal region could be responsible for the differences in serum AP activity; the Akp2 gene, however, with several known amino acid substitutions between protein sequences of the B6 and D2 strains, is a leading candidate.

Transient pseudohypoparathyroidism of the neonate

1995 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Minagawa ◽  
Toshiyuki Yasuda ◽  
Yasuyuki Kobayashi ◽  
Hiroo Niimi
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Type I ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Low Magnesium ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Normal Serum Calcium ◽  
Transient Hypoparathyroidism

Minagawa M, Yasuda T, Kobayashi Y, Niimi H. Transient pseudohypoparathyroidism of the neonate. Eur J Endocrinol 1995:133:151–5. ISSN 0804–4643 We report three neonates with transient hypoparathyroidism with elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels to clarify further the pathogenesis of late neonatal hypocalcemia and calcium homeostasis. Clinical signs were seizures starting at the age of 10 and 11 days. The biochemical features were characterized by transient hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to a high transport maximum of the phosphate/glomerular filtration rate, despite high PTH levels. All had normal magnesium and calcidiol levels (at least 5 μg/l) for their age, and this precludes hypoparathyroidism due to low magnesium levels and hyperparathyroidism due to overt vitamin D deficiency. To diagnose pseudohypoparathyroidism type I, intravenous human PTH (1–34) infusions were performed; however, they showed brisk responses of plasma and/or urine cyclic AMP in response to the PTH infusion, but the phosphaturic response to the PTH was sluggish compared to the controls. All three showed an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting PTH stimulation of osteoblasts. They were treated initially with calcium lactate or (1α)-hydroxycalciol/calcitriol. Their hypoparathyroid condition, however, was transient: they maintained normal serum calcium and PTH levels without medication before the age of 6 months. The etiology, possibly intracellular signal transduction distal to cyclic AMP and/or distinct from adenylate cyclase in the kidney, is developmental and the condition was resolved completely within 6 months of age. We have termed this condition "transient pseudohypoparathyroidism of the neonate". M Minagawa, Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260, Japan

Rickets Associated With Long-Term Anticonvulsant Therapy in a Pediatric Outpatient Population

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J. Crosley ◽  
Claire Chee ◽  
Peter H. Berman
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Anticonvulsant Therapy ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
And Control

Over a 12-month period, an ambulatory pediatric population receiving long-term anticonvulsants was surveyed for the presence of biochemical and radiologic rickets. There were 74 treated children and 95 matched controls. Elevations of serum alkaline phosphatase activity occurred in 31 of the 74 (42%) treated children (23 of 47 children between 2 and 10 years and 8 of 21 children between 10 and 16 years). This frequency of abnormal values was significantly greater than that which occurred in our control population. Calcium and phosphorus abnormalities were minimal in both treated and control populations. Radiologic rickets occurred in 6 of the 74 (8%) of the treated children and in none of the control population. Neither the severity of the rickets nor the degree of hyperalkaline phosphatasemia were correlated with age of the patient, duration, and/or dose of anticonvulsant therapy.

Alkaline phosphatase activity in the plasma of children and adolescents.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Fleisher ◽  
E S Eickelberg ◽  
L R Elveback
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Prepubertal Girls

Abstract We determined plasma (serum alkaline phosphatase activity in 854 healthy students of the Rochester, Minnesota, public schools. Prepubertal girls had somewhat greater upper limits than did boys, and there was a low trend of increasing activity in both sexes. At the beginning of adolescence increasing activities were observed, which peaked at ages 11 to 12 years in girls and at ages 13 to 14 in boys. Adult values were not reached until six to eight years later. In 180 pairs of siblings, a significant intraclass correlation was noted. A possible role of alkaline phosphatase in the regulation of protein synthesis is suggested.

scholarly journals Effect of the Source of Zinc on the Tissue Accumulation of Zinc and Jejunal Mucosal Zinc Transporter Expression in Holstein Dairy Calves

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengtao Ma ◽  
Yeqianli Wo ◽  
Hongyang Li ◽  
Meinan Chang ◽  
Jingya Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Zinc Accumulation ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Transporter Expression

Zinc is considered to be an anti-diarrheal agent, and it may therefore reduce the incidence of diarrhea in young calves. In the present study, we aimed to compare the effect of zinc source on growth performance, the incidence of diarrhea, tissue zinc accumulation, the expression of zinc transporters, and the serum concentrations of zinc-dependent proteins in neonatal Holstein dairy calves. Eighteen male newborn Holstein dairy calves were fed milk and starter diet supplemented with or without 80 mg zinc/d in the form of Zn-Met or ZnO for 14 days, and were then euthanized. Zn-Met supplementation improved average daily gain and feed efficiency, and reduced the incidence of diarrhea, compared with control calves (p < 0.05). It also increased the serum and hepatic zinc concentrations and the mRNA expression of the ZIP4 transporter in the jejunal mucosa of the calves (p < 0.05). In addition, the serum alkaline phosphatase activity and metallothionein concentration were higher in Zn-Met-treated calves than in control calves (p < 0.05). ZnO supplementation had similar effects, but these did not reach significance. Thus, Zn-Met supplementation is an effective means of increasing tissue zinc accumulation and jejunal zinc absorption, and can be used as an anti-diarrheal strategy in neonatal calves.

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