Vascular Mineralization in the Monkey Brain

Mineralization of various degrees was found in the brains of 79 (59%) of 134 cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis). There was no age dependency in the incidence or severity, nor were there any abnormalities in growth, weight gain, or neurologic signs, although a slight sex difference was observed. The lesions, which were basophilic and intensely positive for periodic acid-Schiff or von Kossa stain, occurred in the vascular walls of the globus pallidus in two types: globoid bodies with prominent concentric lamellar structures in and around the arteriolar and venular wall (type A) and fine granules in the media of small or medium-sized arteries (type B). Electron microscopic examination revealed dense deposits in the degenerated media of small or medium-sized arteries or the thickened walls of the arterioles. X-ray microanalysis demonstrated the presence of calcium, phosphorus, iron, zine, magnesium, and aluminum.

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Case Reports: Disseminated Chlorellosis in a Dog

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.08-vp-0142-q-bc ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 439-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R. R. Quigley ◽

K. E. Knowles ◽

G. C. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Case Reports ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

First Report ◽

Dense Bodies ◽

Mesenteric Lymph

An adult dog with ataxia and a lingual mass, previously diagnosed as protothecosis, was euthanized. At the postmortem examination, the lingual mass, regions of the lungs and hilar lymph nodes, liver, mesenteric and sublumbar lymph nodes, and spinal meninges had pronounced green discoloration. Histologically, pyogranulomatous inflammation and algal organisms were found in the tongue, spinal meninges, hilar and mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and lung. The algae had cell walls positive for periodic acid-Schiff and cytoplasmic granules. Ultrastructurally, the algae had a well-defined cell wall, stacks of grana and thylakoid membrane, and dense bodies, typical of starch granules. The organisms were identified as Chlorella, a green alga, based on the results of histochemistical and electron microscopic examination. To the author's knowledge this is the first report of disseminated Chlorella infection and the first report in a companion animal.

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Solubilization of proteins from bovine brain coated vesicles by protein perturbants and Triton X-100.

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.101.1.12 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 12-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

B Wiedenmann ◽

K Lawley ◽

C Grund ◽

D Branton

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Membrane Proteins ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Bovine Brain ◽

Coated Vesicles ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Peripheral Membrane Proteins ◽

Triton X

To identify integral and peripheral membrane proteins, highly purified coated vesicles from bovine brain were exposed to solutions of various pH, ionic strength, and concentrations of the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. At pH 10.0 or above most major proteins were liberated, but four minor polypeptides sedimented with the vesicles. From quantitative analysis of phospholipids in the pellet and extract, we determined that at a pH of up to 12 all phospholipids could be recovered in the pellet. Electron microscopic examination of coated vesicles at pH 12.0 showed all vesicles devoid of coat structures. Treatment with high ionic strength solutions (0-1.0 M KCl) at pH 6.5-8.5 also liberated all major proteins, except tubulin, which remained sedimentable. The addition of Triton X-100 to coated vesicles or to stripped vesicles from which 90% of the clathrin had been removed resulted in the release of four distinct polypeptides of approximate Mr 38,000, 29,000, 24,000 and 10,000. The 38,000-D polypeptide (pK approximately 5.0), which represents approximately 50% of the protein liberated by Triton X-100, appears to be a glycoprotein on the basis of its reaction with periodic acid-Schiff reagent. Extraction of 90% of the clathrin followed by extraction of 90% of the phospholipids with Triton X-100 produced a protein residue that remained sedimentable and consisted of structures that appeared to be shrunken stripped vesicles. Together our data indicate that most of the major polypeptides of brain coated vesicles behave as peripheral membrane proteins and at least four polypeptides behave as integral membrane proteins. By use of a monoclonal antibody, we have identified one of these polypeptides (38,000 mol wt) as a marker for a subpopulation of calf brain coated vesicles.

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Clinical and Pathologic Features of Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinosis in a Ferret (Mustela putorius furo)

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/0300985811400441 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 1185-1189 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K. Nibe ◽

Y. Miwa ◽

S. Matsunaga ◽

J. K. Chambers ◽

K. Uetsuka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Neuronal Loss ◽

Cerebral Atrophy ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽

Pathologic Features

Clinical and pathologic features of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis in a 4-month-old ferret are reported. Clinical signs including neurological symptoms appeared at 3 months of age and progressed rapidly. By magnetic resonance imaging, severe cerebral atrophy was recognized. Histopathologically, there was severe neuronal loss and diffuse astrogliosis with macrophage accumulations; lesions were found predominantly in the cerebral cortex. Intracytoplasmic pigments were observed in surviving neurons and macrophages throughout the brain. The pigments were intensely positive for periodic acid–Schiff, Luxol fast blue, and Sudan black B and exhibited a green autofluorescence. Electron microscopic examination revealed the accumulation of electron-dense granular material within lysosomes of neurons and macrophages. Immunohistochemically, a large number of saposin-positive granules accumulated in the neuronal cells, astrocytes, and macrophages of the lesions, but significant immunoreactivity for subunit c of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthase was not observed. Based on these findings, the animal was diagnosed as affected by neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis.

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Granulomatous Leptomeningitis in Beagle Dogs

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098589303000611 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 566-573 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

H. Maeda ◽

K. Ozaki ◽

K. Horikiri ◽

I. Narama

Keyword(s):

Microscopic Examination ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Clinically Normal ◽

Ordinary Light ◽

Noncaseating Granulomas

A granulomatous leptomeningitis was seen in seven laboratory Beagle dogs (four males, three females), 14 to 15 months old, that had been used as control or experimental subjects in a toxicologic study. The dogs were clinically normal during the experimental period. Microscopic lesions were characterized by typical noncaseating granulomas in leptomeninges and slight scattered perivascular cuffing in gray and white matter throughout the central nervous system, with no site of predilection. Although no microorganisms could be found by ordinary light microscopic examination, there was a positive reaction for Escherichia coli antigen in the cytoplasm of macrophages, which corresponded to periodic acid-Schiff-positive, calcium-negative, and iron-negative materials in the granulomas and cuffs. Electron microscopic examination revealed that these materials were large phagolysosomes indicative of abnormal lysosomal function. These findings indicate that at least some cases of canine granulomatous leptomeningitis could be very likely caused by E. coli and represent an entity distinct from classical canine granulomatous meningoencephalitis.

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Adult-Onset Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis in a Shikoku Inu

Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.3390/vetsci8100227 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 227

Author(s):

Shinji Tamura ◽

Masaya Tsuboi ◽

Naotami Ueoka ◽

Shoko Doi ◽

Yumiko Tamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽

Gait Abnormality ◽

Sudan Black B

A two-year-and-eleven-month-old male Shikoku Inu was referred for evaluation of progressive gait abnormality that had begun three months prior. Neurological examination revealed ventral flexion of the neck, a wide-based stance in the hindlimb, wide excursions of the head from side to side, tremor in all four limbs, hypermetria in all four limbs, proprioceptive deficits in all four limbs, reduced patellar reflex in both hindlimbs, and postural vertical nystagmus. Later, behavioral and cognitive dysfunction, ataxia, and visual deficits slowly progressed. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed symmetrical progressive atrophy of the whole brain and cervical spinal cord. Bilateral retinal degeneration was observed, and both flush and flicker electroretinograms were bilaterally non-recordable at the age of five years and eight months, and the dog was euthanized. Histopathologically, faint-to-moderate deposition of light-brown pigments was frequently observed in the cytoplasm of neurons throughout the cerebrum, cerebellum, and nuclei of the brainstem. The pigments were positive for Luxol fast blue, periodic acid–Schiff, and Sudan black B, and exhibited autofluorescence. Electron microscopic examination revealed the accumulation of membranous material deposition in the neuronal cytoplasm. Small foci of pigment-containing macrophages were frequently observed around the capillary vessels. Based on these clinical and pathological findings, the animal was diagnosed with adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.

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Bovine Myocardial Epithelial Inclusions

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098589303000111 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 82-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

D. C. Baker ◽

S. P. Schmidt ◽

K. A. Langheinrich ◽

L. Cannon ◽

R. A. Smart

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Intercellular Junctions ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Colloidal Iron ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Holstein Calves ◽

The Masses ◽

Formalin Fixed

Light microscopic, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural methods were used to examine myocardial epithelial masses in the hearts of ten cattle. The tissues consisted of paraffin-embedded or formalin-fixed samples from eight hearts that were being inspected in slaughter houses and from two hearts from calves that died of septicemia. The ages of the cattle ranged from 4 days to 12 years; the breeds were unspecified for all but one Hereford female and the two Holstein calves; and there were three males, four females, and three steers. The masses in these cases were compared with similar appearing lesions found in other animal species. The lesions in the bovine hearts were single to multiple, well circumscribed, found in the left ventricle wall, and composed of squamous to cuboidal epithelial cells that formed tubular, ductular, and acinar structures with lumens that were void or filled with amorphous protein globules. Electron microscopic examination revealed epithelial cells that had sparse apical microvilli, tight apical intercellular junctions, perinuclear bundles of filaments, and rare cilia. Almost half of the bovine epithelial masses (4/9) had occasional diastase-resistant periodic acid-Schiff-positive granules in their cytoplasm, and few had hyaluronidase-resistant alcian blue-positive granules (2/9) or colloidal iron-positive granules (1/9). All myocardial masses had abundant collagen surrounding the tubular and acinar structures, and 2/9 had elastin fibers as well. None of the myocardial masses had Churukian-Schenk or Fontana Masson's silver staining granules in epithelial cells. Immunohistochemically, all bovine myocardial tumors stained positively for cytokeratin (8/8), and occasional masses stained positively for vimentin (3/8) or carcinoembryonic antigen (3/8). None of the masses stained positively for desmin. The myocardial epithelial tumors most likely represent endodermal rests of tissue misplaced during organogenesis.

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Prepontine epithelium-lined cyst

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1981.55.2.0312 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 312-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Osamu Hirai ◽

Junichiro Kawamura ◽

Taro Fukumitsu

Keyword(s):

Periodic Acid ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Epithelial Cyst ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Content Type ◽

Intracranial Cysts ◽

Visual Disturbances

✓ A 30-year-old woman presented with recurrent episodes of severe headache associated with visual disturbances. Neurological examination showed minimal neurological deficits. Angiography, computerized tomography, and radioisotope cisternography revealed a large cyst in the prepontine region, which did not communicate with either the subarachnoid space or the ventricular system. Histologically, the cyst was lined by columnar and/or cuboidal cells, which contained materials positive on periodic acid-Schiff staining. Ultrastructurally, there were two types of cells, ciliated and nonciliated. Characteristic findings were continuous basement membrane, microvilli covered with electron-dense material, several intercellular junctional devices, and an open intercellular space which was occasionally filled with a migrating cell. These findings would support the view that the epithelial cyst with such features was derived from endodermal tissue rather than from neuroepithelium. Electron microscopic examination is indispensable in making a correct diagnosis of intracranial cysts.

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Pseudofungi in Pericolic Lymph Nodes

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2005-129-e97-pipln ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 129 (4) ◽

pp. e97-e100 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dong Eun Song ◽

Andrea G. Kahn ◽

Shin Kwang Khang ◽

Jae Y. Ro

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Pelvic Cavity ◽

Clinical Impression ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Dense Granules ◽

The Masses

Abstract We report a case of extensive pseudofungi in the pericolic lymph nodes. A 45-year-old man presented with lower abdominal discomfort, and large solid and cystic masses were discovered in the pelvic cavity by computed tomography. Debulking of the masses (by means of a Hartmann operation) was performed under the clinical impression of a pelvic sarcoma, and histologically the masses demonstrated features of a malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor. All pericolic lymph nodes demonstrated multiple septate hyphae–like structures with pigmentation, particularly in the subcapsular sinuses. These structures showed positive staining with periodic acid–Schiff, but Gomori methenamine silver staining was negative. The structures appeared to be composed of iron, phosphorus, and calcium by Perls iron and von Kossa stains and revealed deposition of electron-dense granules on electron microscopic examination. Energy-dispersive radiographic micro-analysis showed the structures to contain phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium, and iron. Pseudofungi can be misinterpreted as true fungi with septate hyphae; therefore, a careful morphologic examination with appropriate special stains is mandatory.

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Получение карбида бора в низковольтной электрической дуге постоянного тока, инициированной в открытом воздушном пространстве

Письма в журнал технической физики ◽

10.21883/pjtf.2018.14.46341.17056 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (14) ◽

pp. 26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

А.Я. Пак ◽

Г.Я. Мамонтов

Keyword(s):

Boron Carbide ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Vacuum Equipment ◽

X Ray ◽

Gas Atmosphere ◽

Average Size ◽

Carbide Particles

AbstractWe describe a method of obtaining ultrafine boron carbide (B_13C_2) powder using the effect of a dc electric arc on a mixture of initial reactants containing carbon and boron. A peculiarity of the proposed method is that it can be implemented using arc discharge operating in open air without any vacuum equipment and protective inert gas atmosphere. X-ray diffraction data showed that the synthesized product in the general case contained three crystalline phases: boron carbide (B_13C_2), graphite (C), and boron oxide (B_2O_3). Electron-microscopic examination showed that the average size of boron carbide particles ranged from ~50 nm to ~2 μm.

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