scholarly journals Self-determination theory applied to flow in conservatoire music practice: The roles of perceived autonomy and competence, and autonomous and controlled motivation

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Valenzuela ◽  
Nuria Codina ◽  
José Vicente Pestana
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Instrument Performance ◽  
Controlled Motivation ◽  
Needs Satisfaction ◽  
Autonomous And Controlled Motivation

Self-determination theory (SDT) postulates that environments providing psychological needs satisfaction (PNS) promote quality motivation, thus enhancing engagement and performance in diverse performance domains. SDT and PNS were used to investigate student experience of conservatoire instrument practice. Participants ( N = 162) completed standardized self-report questionnaires. Associations between study variables were described and hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess the predictive effects of autonomy and competence needs satisfaction and autonomous and controlled motivation on inter-subject flow variations. A considerable part of flow variations was accounted for by study variables. Results showed that conservatoire students, especially those studying instrument performance ( n = 109), reported high levels of flow, perceived competence and autonomy, and intrinsic motivation. Autonomous motivation had a direct effect on flow variations, whereas controlled motivation had an inverse effect. Perceived competence was the strongest predictor of flow variations and it was also associated with external regulation (especially among students studying instrument performance), thus indicating that intrinsic and extrinsic motives both play important roles in conservatoire instrument practice. Conservatoire instrument teachers need to acknowledge that perceived competence is critical to flow in instrument practice, in order to provide their students with optimal challenges that avoid frustration and amotivation.

scholarly journals The role of perceived coaching behaviours on sport performance among female aesthetic group gymnasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 16-32
Author(s):  
Andre Koka ◽  
Henri Tilga ◽  
Triin Põder ◽  
Hanna Kalajas-Tilga ◽  
Vello Hein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Controlled Motivation ◽  
Needs Satisfaction ◽  
Controlling Behaviour ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

This study aimed to test the relations of perceived autonomy-supportive and controlling behaviours from coaches with athletes’ sport performance during competition in a context of female aesthetic group gymnastics. In line with self-determination theory, it was expected that the sequence of perceived psychological needs satisfaction and autonomous motivation, and psychological needs frustration and controlled motivation would mediate these relationships. Female aesthetic group gymnasts (n=128) ages 11–20 years completed self-report measures of perceived autonomysupportive and controlling behaviours from coaches, athletes’ needs satisfaction and needs frustration, including the need for novelty, as well as athletes’ autonomous and controlled motivation. Athletes’ objective performance during the competition was also obtained. Results from the single-indicator structural equation modelling analyses revealed a positive, indirect relationship between perceived autonomy-supportive behaviour from coaches and athletes’ performance mediated by the sequence of needs satisfaction and autonomous motivation. Significant indirect relationship between perceived controlling behaviour from coaches and athletes’ performance mediated by the sequence of needs frustration and controlled motivation was not followed. However, a negative direct relationship of controlled motivation, instigated by needs frustration, on athletes’ performance was evident. Findings suggest that perceived autonomy-supportive behaviour from coaches is an essential antecedent to athletes’ performance in a female aesthetic group gymnastics.

When and How Job Design Influences Work Motivation: A Self-Determination Theory Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110273
Author(s):  
YuXin Liu ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Jianwei Zhang ◽  
ShuJie Li
Keyword(s):  
Work Motivation ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Controlled Motivation ◽  
Needs Satisfaction ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction

Based on self-determination theory and job characteristics theory, this study aims to provide a systematic and comprehensive model simultaneously investigating the relationship between job characteristics and two forms of work motivation (i.e., controlled motivation and autonomous motivation). To examine the proposed model, we recruited employees working in multiple Chinese industries and collected 435 valid questionnaires. The results indicate that job characteristics have a significantly positive effect on basic psychological needs satisfaction, which, in turn, positively affects autonomous motivation and negatively influences controlled motivation. In addition, basic psychological needs satisfaction mediates the linkage between job characteristics and positive or negative work motivation. Moreover, when an employee had high positive affectivity, job characteristics were more likely to fuel their basic psychological needs satisfaction. In contrast, job characteristics were more likely to be the depressor of these needs satisfaction when an employee possesses high negative affectivity. Our findings revealed that the degree of three needs satisfaction at work is a convincing and identifiable psychological mechanism between job characteristics and two types of work motivation. Also, work affectivity may influence the different perceptions of job characteristics, reminding managers that personality traits are a non-negligible factor in job design. Overall, this paper extends the application of the job characteristics model by revealing when and how job characteristics influence two types of work motivation and further puts forward managerial implications.

scholarly journals Testing a self-determination theory-based process model of physical activity behavior change in rheumatoid arthritis: results of a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally A M Fenton ◽  
Jet JCS Veldhuijzen van Zanten ◽  
George S Metsios ◽  
Peter C Rouse ◽  
Chen-an Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Subjective Vitality ◽  
Controlled Motivation ◽  
Autonomous And Controlled Motivation

Abstract Physical inactivity is prevalent in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, increasing the risk of poor physical health and compromised well-being. Interventions are therefore required to support physical activity (PA) behavior change in this population. This study examined whether a self-determination theory (SDT) based exercise intervention for people with RA, increased autonomous motivation for PA and in turn, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and subjective vitality RA patients (n = 115) were randomized to a 3-month SDT-based psychological intervention + RA-tailored exercise program (experimental group, n = 59) or a RA-tailored exercise program only (control group, n = 56). During the program, the SDT-based intervention group received one-on-one consultations with a PA advisor trained in delivering strategies to promote autonomous motivation for PA. Well-established questionnaires assessed autonomous and controlled motivation for PA, MVPA (min/week), and subjective vitality at baseline (T1) and 3 months (T2). Path analysis examined the hypothesized theoretical process model. The model demonstrated an excellent fit to the data (n = 70, χ2 (26) = 28.69, p = .33, comparative fit index = 0.99, root square mean error of approximation = 0.04). The intervention corresponded to higher autonomous motivation and lower controlled motivation for PA at T2, after controlling for T1 autonomous and controlled motivation. In turn, changes in autonomous motivation from T1 to T2 significantly positively predicted changes in MVPA and subjective vitality. Results suggest an SDT based psychological intervention comprising autonomy-supportive strategies for PA predicted greater reported autonomous reasons for PA in RA patients participating in a tailored 3-month exercise program. Increased autonomous motivation linked to increased engagement in MVPA and feelings of vitality in these patients.

scholarly journals Exploring Factors Associated With the Motivation of Clinical Pharmacists: A Focus on the South African Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucille Crafford ◽  
Anouk Wouters ◽  
Elmien Bronkhorst ◽  
Andries G. S. Gous ◽  
Rashmi A. Kusurkar
Keyword(s):  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Controlled Motivation

Introduction: Pharmacy practice in many middle to low-income countries has slowly transitioned from being product-focused to a more patient-focused clinical practice. Lack of motivation is one of the factors contributing to the scarcity of pharmacists in the wards. As little is known about motivation in clinical pharmacists, this study aimed to obtain insight into the quantity and quality of their work motivation and factors associated with it.Methods: Self-determination Theory, used as the framework, describes autonomous motivation as being generated from within or through personal endorsement and controlled motivation as originating from external factors. An online questionnaire including the Academic Motivation Scale to measure autonomous motivation, controlled motivation and amotivation, was sent to clinical pharmacy graduates from 2000 to 2020 across South Africa, followed by interviews to explain some results. Independent t-test was used to analyze differences in motivation of clinical pharmacists to perform clinical services based on personal and environmental factors. Interview data were transcribed and analyzed to explain significant quantitative findings.Results: Higher amotivation was found in graduates who are currently not practicing in dedicated clinical pharmacist positions, as well as in graduates who do not receive additional financial benefits for clinical services. We found no significant differences in the work motivation of clinical pharmacists based on their gender, age, current practice setting, work experience and additional training received. The interviews revealed that relatedness and autonomy are the most important factors for clinical pharmacists' work motivation.Discussion: Overall participants had a high mean autonomous motivation, a high mean controlled motivation and low mean amotivation. In line with Self-determination Theory literature, considering the basic psychological needs for relatedness and autonomy could assist with designing interventions, like creating a supportive work environment, to optimize motivation. This could improve professional wellbeing, service implementation and prevent possible adverse events. Future research is necessary to understand barriers and facilitators of clinical pharmacists' work motivation.

scholarly journals Self-Determination Theory for Work Motivation

Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane X.Y. Chong ◽  
Marylène Gagné
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Controlled Motivation

Motivation is defined by Craig Pinder, in Work Motivation in Organizational Behavior (1998), as “a set of energetic forces that originates both within as well as beyond an individual’s being, to initiate work-related behavior, and to determine its form, direction, intensity, and duration.” It is at the heart of management and organizational behavior, as it plays an important role in both organizational and employee outcomes, such as organizational performance and personal well-being. Initially developed by psychologists Edward L. Deci and Richard M. Ryan, self-determination theory (SDT) has evolved gradually over the last few decades to become a leading theory of human motivation. Applied SDT research has flourished in many areas of psychology, such as education, sports, exercise and health, and, more recently, organizational psychology and management. At its core, SDT uses the classic concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. However, through rigorous research into people’s reasons for engaging in different activities, SDT has evolved these concepts to propose a more meaningful multidimensional conceptualization of motivation that distinguishes between autonomous motivation and controlled motivation. Autonomous motivation is characterized by a sense of choice and volition, whereas controlled motivation is grounded in a sense of pressure and having to engage in a certain behavior. Importantly, a key proposition of SDT is that individuals have deeply evolved psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. When these needs are satisfied at work, either through the job itself, work climate, or interactions with colleagues and managers, employees tend to have more autonomous, high-quality motivation and greater well-being. In contrast, when these psychological needs are frustrated or thwarted, employees are prompted toward more controlled forms of motivation and, subsequently, more symptoms of ill-being and diminished performance at work. Grounded in this theoretical framework, researchers have been able to examine social-contextual factors that contribute to or jeopardize employees’ quality of motivation and related outcomes. Autonomy support, leadership, work design, and compensation systems are examples of such contextual factors that have generated considerable attention in this field and are further elaborated in this article.

Motivation, Personality, and Development Within Embedded Social Contexts: An Overview of Self-Determination Theory

2012 ◽  
pp. 84-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Deci ◽  
Richard M. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Human Beings

Self-determination theory maintains and has provided empirical support for the proposition that all human beings have fundamental psychological needs to be competent, autonomous, and related to others. Satisfaction of these basic needs facilitates people's autonomous motivation (i.e., acting with a sense of full endorsement and volition), whereas thwarting the needs promotes controlled motivation (i.e., feeling pressured to behave in particular ways) or being amotivated (i.e., lacking intentionality). Satisfying these basic needs and acting autonomously have been consistently shown to be associated with psychological health and effective performance. Social contexts within which people operate, however proximal (e.g., a family or workgroup) or distal (e.g., a cultural value or economic system), affect their need satisfaction and type of motivation, thus affecting their wellness and effectiveness. Social contexts also affect whether people's life goals or aspirations tend to be more intrinsic or more extrinsic, and that in turn affects important life outcomes.

scholarly journals Behavioral Regulation Sport Questionnaire: Gender and Sport Invariance in Portuguese Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Monteiro ◽  
Diogo S. Teixeira ◽  
Anabela Vitorino ◽  
João Moutão ◽  
Filipe Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Controlled Motivation ◽  
Nomological Validity ◽  
Composite Reliability ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction

This study aimed to analyze measurement invariance of the Behavioral Regulation Sports Questionnaire (BRSQ) across gender and four different sports. In addition, we examined nomological validity via basic psychological needs satisfaction. Participants totaled 1,812 Portuguese athletes (1,220 males and 592 females; aged 15–59 years, Mage = 17.72, SD = 5.51) from football ( n = 596), basketball ( n = 273), swimming ( n = 800), and parasport ( n = 143). The BRSQ measurement model was invariant across gender and these four sports. The scale confirmed nomological validity in that satisfaction of basic psychological needs positively predicted autonomous forms of motivation and negatively predicted more controlled motivation and amotivation as suggested by self-determination theory. In light of this evidence for BRSQ construct validity, composite reliability, nomological validity, and invariance across gender and four different sports, this scale is a useful tool for coaches of the aforementioned sports in their efforts to evaluate their athletes' motivation.

scholarly journals Affect in the Context of Self-Determination Theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S. Hagger ◽  
Cleo Protogerou
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Active Management ◽  
And Behavior

Self-determination theory has been applied to understand the role of affect in motivation and behavior in health contexts. According to self-determination theory, autonomous forms of motivation, reflecting self-endorsed reasons for acting and the satisfaction of psychological needs, are related to participation and persistence in health behavior. Research examining the role of affect in determining health behavior from the perspective of the theory is relatively sparse. Affect has served as both an outcome and process in applications of the theory to health behavior. Positive affect and psychological well-being have been identified as important outcomes of participating in behaviors for autonomous reasons. Affect is inextricably linked to motivational processes through eudaimonic and hedonic well-being, the passionate pursuit of activities, and the regulation of behavior through active management of aversive emotional responses. The chapter outlines how support for autonomous motivation by significant others may lead to adaptive behavioral engagement and affective responses in health behavior.

scholarly journals Exploring Proximal LGBTQ+ Minority Stressors Within Physical Activity Contexts from a Self-determination Theory Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon S C Herrick ◽  
Meredith A Rocchi ◽  
Shane N Sweet ◽  
Lindsay R Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Small Effect Size

Abstract Background LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, etc.) individuals experience challenges such as discrimination and marginalization (referred to as minority stressors) that are detrimental to their mental and physical health. Specifically, proximal or internalized LGBTQ+ minority stressors may influence motivation for and willingness to participate in physical activity. Purpose To explore whether proximal LGBTQ+ minority stressors relate to the basic psychological needs—motivation—physical activity pathway, as per self-determination theory. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was completed by 778 self-identified LGBTQ+ adults. Structural equation modelling analyses were used to examine how proximal LGBTQ+ minority stressors relate to the motivational sequence. Results Findings support that proximal LGBTQ+ minority stressors are negatively associated with psychological need satisfaction within physical activity (β = −.36), which in turn is positively associated with autonomous motivation (β = .53) and reported physical activity participation (β = .32). Overall, the final model accounted for 13% of variance in need satisfaction (small effect size), 53% of variance in autonomous motivation (moderate-large effect size), and 10% of variance in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels (small effect size). Conclusions Future research focused on increasing LGBTQ+ participation in physical activity should investigate the effects of (a) reducing proximal LGBTQ+ minority stressors and (b) better supporting LGBTQ+ adults’ autonomy, competence, and relatedness within physical activity contexts.

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