Effect of Asphalt Mixture Components on the Uncertainty in Dynamic Modulus Mastercurves

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Hussein Kassem ◽  
Ghassan Chehab ◽  
Shadi Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Key Factor

Practitioners and researchers in the paving industry have highlighted the importance of the adoption of reliability-based pavement design. The goal of developing reliable pavements with optimum performance over their design life has become a key factor to be considered during both pavement design and construction processes. This requires the adoption of statistical and probabilistic-based analyses for the formulation of the properties and behavior of pavement materials. Thus, many researchers worked on the quantification and modeling of the uncertainty caused by the inherent variability in pavement materials in general and that of asphalt concrete (AC) in particular. The dynamic modulus (| E*|), a fundamental property for mechanistic-empirical and purely mechanistic pavement designs, has been proven to have a significant level of uncertainty that is dependent on climatic and traffic loading conditions. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the AC mixture properties and components on the uncertainty in the | E*| mastercurve. This objective is achieved by conducting an experimental program incorporating four different mixtures having the same material sources but different binder types and gradations. Monte Carlo simulations are used to model the uncertainty of | E*| for each of these mixtures. The paper shows that the uncertainty is dependent on mixture type, as the presence of larger nominal maximum aggregate size, modified binder, or additive can increase the uncertainty in the | E*| mastercurve, especially at high temperatures or slow loading rates. The uncertainty is proven to be material related and not imposed by the testing instrumentation.

Evaluation of Small Specimen Geometries for Asphalt Mixture Performance Testing and Pavement Performance Prediction

2017 ◽  
Vol 2631 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangjin Lee ◽  
Sonja Pape ◽  
Cassie Castorena ◽  
Y. Richard Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Small Specimen ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multiple Test

The use of small specimen geometries in asphalt mixture performance testing to enable the testing of as-built pavement layers has been gaining attention in recent years. Small specimens could also improve the testing efficiency of laboratory-fabricated specimens by allowing the extraction of multiple test specimens per gyratory-compacted sample. Rigorous assessment of the small specimen geometries is required before the use of such geometries is standardized. In this study, small specimens were evaluated for dynamic modulus and simplified viscoelastic continuum damage fatigue. Three specimen geometries (100-mm- and 38-mm-diameter cylindrical specimens and 25- × 50-mm prismatic specimens) were compared by using five mixtures with a nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) ranging from 9.5 to 25.0 mm. The results show that the dynamic modulus and phase angle master curves agreed at low and intermediate temperatures, regardless of the NMAS values of the mixture. At the high temperature, the small specimen dynamic modulus values were slightly higher and the phase angle values were slightly lower than those of the large specimens. The specimen-to-specimen variability for the large and small specimens was comparable. The fatigue test results for the mixtures evaluated were comparable, except for the 25-mm mixture, which proved problematic in the testing of both small and large specimens. Pavement performance was predicted by the layered viscoelastic analysis for critical distresses program by using the test results for the small and large specimens. These results suggest that specimen geometry had a minimal effect on pavement fatigue damage predictions, which indicates promise for the use of small specimen geometries in practice.

Evaluating Dynamic Modulus for Indiana Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Batioja-Alvarez ◽  
Jusang Lee ◽  
Tommy Nantung
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
Design Guide ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Level I

After the implementation of the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) in Indiana, an overall evaluation of the stiffness characteristics of local AC mixtures and the ability of level III MEPDG predictive equations to estimate dynamic modulus (E*) with local mixtures was required. Therefore, the primary objectives of this study were to identify significant differences among Indiana asphalt mixtures, to evaluate the performance of commonly used E* predictive models, and to assess the influence of level III E* input on the pavement design life of typical pavement structures. It was found that Indiana mixtures do not show extensive variability among mixtures having the same nominal maximum aggregate size. When conducting a statistical analysis to group asphalt mixtures having similar characteristics, few mixtures were left out of the groups. In general, it was observed that mixtures having Ndes equal to 75, showed the lowest E* values along the entire frequency range. The Witczak 1-37A showed the most accurate and less biased E* predictions for Indiana mixtures. It showed the highest R2, and the least deviation from the measured E* values. However, predicted E* input values produced higher levels of pavement distress compared with measured E* values, indicating general overprediction. Besides, using level III (predictive) rather than level I (measured) E* input values can influence the pavement thickness design due to the functional performance (i.e., the International Roughness Index (IRI)). When a structural performance (i.e., bottom-up cracking) was taken into consideration, no influence of the E* input type on the design AC layer thickness was observed.

Laboratory Assessment of Dense Graded Asphalt Concrete Incorporating Coal Furnace Ash in South of Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Dang Tung Dang ◽  
Manh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Tram Hoang ◽  
Anh Thang Le
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Laboratory Performance ◽  
Major Interest

Currently, application of industrial waste or by-product in road construction industrials is a major interest by researchers, government officers and engineers. Coal ashes by-product from industrial parks negatively impact environment, costly in treatment, and require large ground for disposing areas. Therefore, this paper proposes on using the coal ash from furnace products of an industrial park in South of Vietnam to be incorporated into dense graded asphalt concrete using Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size 12.5mm. Laboratory performance tests including Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, Cantabro loss, and dynamic fatigue test were conducted. The effects of coal ash contents in replacement of fine aggregate which is passing 4.75mm sieve from asphalt mixture into laboratory performance of mixture is also discussed in detail.

EVALUATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AGED ASPHALT BINDER AND MIXTURE UNDER VARIOUS AGING METHODS

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Khairul Idham ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽  
M. Naqiuddin M. Warid ◽  
Noor Azah Abdul Raman ◽  
Rosmawati Mamat
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Asphaltic Concrete ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Aged Asphalt

Hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement encounter short and long term aging throughout the service life. Laboratory aging is the method used to simulate field aging process of HMA pavement. This study was undertaken to determine the long term effect of different binder and mixture laboratory aging methods on HMA (binder aging and mixture aging). Three types of HMA mixtures were prepared for this study namely Asphaltic Concrete with 10 mm nominal maximum aggregate size (AC 10), Asphaltic Concrete 14 mm (AC 14) and Asphaltic Concrete 28 mm (AC 28). These specimens were conditioned with nine different methods and durations.  Resilient modulus test was carried out at 40˚C as an initial indicator of the specimen performance. Permanent deformation of the same specimens was then evaluated by dynamic creep test. Generally, the aged asphalt binder specimens have higher resilient and stiffness modulus compared to aged asphalt mixture specimens. In addition, aged binder specimens have a lower permanent strain which indicates higher resistance to permanent deformation. This study also found that high resilient and stiffness modulus of specimens is attributed by different in heating frequency, temperature, air exposure and binder content of the mixtures.

Study on Flexible Base Asphalt Pavement Design System Based on the Dynamic Modulus

2013 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 619-622
Author(s):  
Li Yin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Design System ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Flexible Base

Pavement design adopts the static index pavement design method; it has significant limitations for flexible asphalt pavement. This paper proposes asphalt mixture dynamic modulus determination method on the basis of existing research results at home and abroad. Dynamic modulus effect is studied on the mechanical properties of flexible base asphalt pavement, and the flexible base asphalt pavement performance is preestimated by the use of the dynamic modulus indicators in the paper.

Design of Rubberized Asphalt Concrete by Means of Coarse Aggregate Void Filling Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Kuang Huai Wu ◽  
Guo Liang Yang ◽  
Ai Yu Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Asphalt Rubber ◽  
Filling Method ◽  
Rubberized Asphalt Concrete

In order to find a convenient approach to design the mix of rubberized asphalt concrete (RAC) and make full use of the properties of RAC, a kind of RAC-13 (13 is the nominal maximum aggregate size of the mixture) was designed by means of coarse aggregate void filling method (CAVF). A series of conventional tests of asphalt mixture with five asphalt-rubber aggregate ratio(ARAR) were carried out to check the target mix design and evaluate the performance of RAC. Performance evaluation tests such as Marshall and submerged Marshall stability test, moisture damage test and wheel tracking test were included. Test results show that the high temperature stability, moisture susceptibility and road performance of RAC-13 designed with CAVF method are all favorable. The recommended optimum asphalt-rubber aggregate ratio(OARAR) is 7.1% under the condition of skeleton structure. CAVF is a good means for designing RAC to ensure its stone-on-stone contact structure.

Study on High Temperature Performance of Asphalt Mixture Based on Rutting Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 1316-1319
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Test Results ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nominal Size

In order to deeply reveal the high temperature stability of asphalt mixture, rutting test was implemented to evaluate the high temperature stability of asphalt mixture, and the evaluation index is dynamic stability. The effect of asphalt type, degree of compaction, gradation type and nominal maximum aggregate size on rutting test results was studied respectively. The results showed that: modified asphalt can improve the high temperature stability of asphalt mixture effectively; the anti-rutting performance of asphalt mixture reduces gradually with decrease of the degree of compaction; the anti-rutting performance of SAC-16 is greater than that of AC-16; and the anti-rutting performance of asphalt mixture is improved with increase of the nominal size of aggregate.

Evaluation of the Gradation Effect on the Dynamic Modulus

2005 ◽  
Vol 1929 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjorn Birgisson ◽  
Reynaldo Roque
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Power Law Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

The importance of aggregate characteristics has been emphasized in the Superpave® asphalt mixture design procedure. However, criteria for guidelines for the selection of suitable aggregate gradations–-other than gradation limits for different nominal maximum size aggregate blends, including the restricted zone–-have been neglected. With the move toward mechanistic–empirical pavement design, the dynamic modulus is used to account for mixture properties in the pavement design. It is of significant importance to mix designers to possess a framework for determining how to optimize a mixture for ensuring an adequate dynamic modulus. This paper presents the results from a study of the effects of gradation characteristics on the dynamic modulus. Power law–based gradation factors are obtained for 13 aggregate gradations (coarse and fine graded) composed of limestone and granite aggregates. These gradation factors were used to identify and evaluate relationships between gradation factors and the dynamic modulus at higher temperature (40°C). Subsequently, a tentative framework was established for optimizing mixture gradations for dynamic modulus values. Findings illustrate that gradation factors based on power law parameters can be used to optimize mixture gradations for key mixture properties, such as the dynamic modulus. Results also demonstrate the critical nature of aggregate gradation in achieving desired mixture properties.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Study about Effect of Basalt Fiber, Gradation, Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size and Asphalt on the Anti-Cracking Ability of Asphalt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2289
Author(s):  
Keke Lou ◽  
Xing Wu ◽  
Peng Xiao ◽  
Aihong Kang ◽  
Zhengguang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crack Resistance ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cracking Performance ◽  
Test Ideal

There are many parameters that could affect the properties of asphalt mixtures, such as the fiber additive, gradation type, nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS), and asphalt. To evaluate the influence of these factors on the crack resistance of asphalt mixture, 10 different types of asphalt mixtures were prepared. The indirect tensile asphalt cracking test (IDEAL-CT) and semi-circle bending test (SCB) were adopted to test the anti-cracking ability of the test samples. The parameters of these two test results were also used to conduct the correlation analysis to find the correlation between different parameters, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) test was also used to analyze the micro cracks of asphalt mixture. The results showed that basalt fiber could further enhance the anti-cracking ability of asphalt mixture. Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) showed better anti-cracking performance than Superpave (SUP) asphalt mixtures. The increase in the nominal maximum aggregate size could decrease the anti-cracking ability of asphalt mixtures. Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) modified asphalt could better reinforce the anti-cracking ability than pure asphalt. The CTindex of IDEAL-CT test and Flexibility index (FI) value of SCB test results showed better correlation. This paper has certain significance in guiding the design of asphalt mixtures having good crack resistance.

Fine Aggregate Interference on Thermal Stability of Asphalt Mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 470 ◽  
pp. 823-826
Author(s):  
Chen Chen Zhang ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Li Jia Zhou ◽  
Jing Hang Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Flow Number ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Skeleton Structure

Fine aggregates are sensitive parts to skeleton structure of mixture and decrease rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures. In order to evaluate the high temperature performance of mixtures with different fine aggregate (2.36mm and 1.18mm) content, 16 gradations were investigated. Flow number test and rutting test was conducted to evaluate anti-rutting performance of mixtures. Then, interference coefficient was put forward to analyze interference rule of high temperature performance. The results show that high temperature performance was improved with the increasing size of nominal maximum aggregate size; the interference effects of fine aggregate ( 2.36mm and 1.18 mm ) is inversely proportional to nominal maximum aggregate size.

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