Evaluation of Small Specimen Geometries for Asphalt Mixture Performance Testing and Pavement Performance Prediction

2017 ◽  
Vol 2631 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangjin Lee ◽  
Sonja Pape ◽  
Cassie Castorena ◽  
Y. Richard Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Small Specimen ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multiple Test

The use of small specimen geometries in asphalt mixture performance testing to enable the testing of as-built pavement layers has been gaining attention in recent years. Small specimens could also improve the testing efficiency of laboratory-fabricated specimens by allowing the extraction of multiple test specimens per gyratory-compacted sample. Rigorous assessment of the small specimen geometries is required before the use of such geometries is standardized. In this study, small specimens were evaluated for dynamic modulus and simplified viscoelastic continuum damage fatigue. Three specimen geometries (100-mm- and 38-mm-diameter cylindrical specimens and 25- × 50-mm prismatic specimens) were compared by using five mixtures with a nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) ranging from 9.5 to 25.0 mm. The results show that the dynamic modulus and phase angle master curves agreed at low and intermediate temperatures, regardless of the NMAS values of the mixture. At the high temperature, the small specimen dynamic modulus values were slightly higher and the phase angle values were slightly lower than those of the large specimens. The specimen-to-specimen variability for the large and small specimens was comparable. The fatigue test results for the mixtures evaluated were comparable, except for the 25-mm mixture, which proved problematic in the testing of both small and large specimens. Pavement performance was predicted by the layered viscoelastic analysis for critical distresses program by using the test results for the small and large specimens. These results suggest that specimen geometry had a minimal effect on pavement fatigue damage predictions, which indicates promise for the use of small specimen geometries in practice.

Experimental Analysis of Dynamic Modulus and Phase Angle of High Modulus Asphalt Mixture

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4220-4225
Author(s):  
Rui Bo Ren ◽  
Li Tao Geng ◽  
Li Zhi Wang ◽  
Peng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Testing System ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Confining Pressures

To study the mechanical properties of high modulus asphalt mixtures, dynamic modulus and phase angle of these two mixtures are tested with Simple Performance Testing System under different temperatures, loading frequencies and confining pressures. Testing results show the superiority of high modulus asphalt mixture in aspect of high temperature performance. Furthermore, the changing rules of dynamic modulus and phase angle are also discussed.

Optimization of the Laboratory Fabrication of Small Specimens for Asphalt Mixture Performance Testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (28) ◽  
pp. 438-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Pape ◽  
Kangjin Lee ◽  
Cassie Castorena ◽  
Y. Richard Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Multiple Test ◽  
Air Void

The use of 38-mm-diameter small specimens for uniaxial dynamic modulus and cyclic fatigue asphalt mixture performance testing offers a significant opportunity to improve the efficiency of laboratory-fabricated specimen testing because multiple test specimens can be extracted per Superpave gyratory-compacted (SGC) sample. This study seeks to optimize the procedure used for the extraction of small specimens from SGC samples for dynamic modulus and cyclic fatigue tests. To this end, small cylindrical specimens were cored horizontally and vertically from SGC samples and subjected to performance testing. The dynamic modulus and fatigue test results indicate that the effects of anisotropy are minimal. However, all of the horizontally extracted small specimens exhibited fatigue failure at the specimen ends, outside the range of the gauges; the failure was likely due to the peripheral air void gradients in the SGC samples. Therefore, the authors concluded that small specimens should be vertically cored from SGC samples for the laboratory fabrication of small specimens. Specifically, four small specimens were cored vertically from the inner 100 mm of SGC samples where the air void content is relatively uniform. Four mixtures with different nominal maximum aggregate sizes (NMASs) were used to prepare small specimens using the proposed extraction procedure. These specimens were subjected to dynamic modulus and cyclic fatigue testing. The results demonstrate an increase in specimen-to-specimen variability with an increase in NMAS, which also is expected in large specimen testing.

Study on Dynamic Modulus of Waste Plastic Modified Asphalt Mixture Using Waste Plastic Bag Chips

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 824-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Shu Wei Goh ◽  
Zhan Ping You
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Dynamic Modulus Test

The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of using waste plastic as an additive to modify asphalt mixtures thereby reducing the waste plastic stream in our environment. High density polyethylene plastic bags obtained from the retail store were shredded into chips and added into asphalt mixtures at the rate of 0% (control sample), 2, 5 and 8% based on binder weight. Three different temperatures of 4, 21.3 and 39.2°C and frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 25 Hz were used in the dynamic modulus test. It was found that most of the asphalt mixtures modified with waste plastic have higher dynamic modulus when compared with the control samples. However, no significant trend on phase angle was found among all the samples tested based on the test results. In this study, it was found that the modified asphalt mixture with 2% waste plastic had the highest dynamic modulus and phase angle. Based on the test results, it was found that plastic modified asphalt mixture will have a better performance under intermediate and high temperature conditions.

Study on High Temperature Performance of Asphalt Mixture Based on Rutting Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 1316-1319
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Test Results ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nominal Size

In order to deeply reveal the high temperature stability of asphalt mixture, rutting test was implemented to evaluate the high temperature stability of asphalt mixture, and the evaluation index is dynamic stability. The effect of asphalt type, degree of compaction, gradation type and nominal maximum aggregate size on rutting test results was studied respectively. The results showed that: modified asphalt can improve the high temperature stability of asphalt mixture effectively; the anti-rutting performance of asphalt mixture reduces gradually with decrease of the degree of compaction; the anti-rutting performance of SAC-16 is greater than that of AC-16; and the anti-rutting performance of asphalt mixture is improved with increase of the nominal size of aggregate.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Study about Effect of Basalt Fiber, Gradation, Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size and Asphalt on the Anti-Cracking Ability of Asphalt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2289
Author(s):  
Keke Lou ◽  
Xing Wu ◽  
Peng Xiao ◽  
Aihong Kang ◽  
Zhengguang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crack Resistance ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cracking Performance ◽  
Test Ideal

There are many parameters that could affect the properties of asphalt mixtures, such as the fiber additive, gradation type, nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS), and asphalt. To evaluate the influence of these factors on the crack resistance of asphalt mixture, 10 different types of asphalt mixtures were prepared. The indirect tensile asphalt cracking test (IDEAL-CT) and semi-circle bending test (SCB) were adopted to test the anti-cracking ability of the test samples. The parameters of these two test results were also used to conduct the correlation analysis to find the correlation between different parameters, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) test was also used to analyze the micro cracks of asphalt mixture. The results showed that basalt fiber could further enhance the anti-cracking ability of asphalt mixture. Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) showed better anti-cracking performance than Superpave (SUP) asphalt mixtures. The increase in the nominal maximum aggregate size could decrease the anti-cracking ability of asphalt mixtures. Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) modified asphalt could better reinforce the anti-cracking ability than pure asphalt. The CTindex of IDEAL-CT test and Flexibility index (FI) value of SCB test results showed better correlation. This paper has certain significance in guiding the design of asphalt mixtures having good crack resistance.

Master Curves of Dynamic Modulus and Phase Angle for High Modulus Asphalt Mixtures

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4226-4230
Author(s):  
Li Tao Geng ◽  
Rui Bo Ren ◽  
Li Zhi Wang ◽  
Cui Lan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Least Square ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Master Curves

Two types of high modulus asphalt mixtures are introduced. Dynamic modulus and phase angle of these two mixtures are tested with Simple Performance Testing System under different temperatures, loading frequencies and confining pressures. Based on time-temperature superposition principle, dynamic modulus master curves and time-temperature shift factors at reference temperature are obtained using nonlinear square least square regression, and phase angle master curves are constructed utilizing the same time-temperature shift factors. The influence of confining pressure on mechanical properties of high modulus asphalt mixture is discussed.

Effect of Asphalt Mixture Components on the Uncertainty in Dynamic Modulus Mastercurves

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Hussein Kassem ◽  
Ghassan Chehab ◽  
Shadi Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Key Factor

Practitioners and researchers in the paving industry have highlighted the importance of the adoption of reliability-based pavement design. The goal of developing reliable pavements with optimum performance over their design life has become a key factor to be considered during both pavement design and construction processes. This requires the adoption of statistical and probabilistic-based analyses for the formulation of the properties and behavior of pavement materials. Thus, many researchers worked on the quantification and modeling of the uncertainty caused by the inherent variability in pavement materials in general and that of asphalt concrete (AC) in particular. The dynamic modulus (| E*|), a fundamental property for mechanistic-empirical and purely mechanistic pavement designs, has been proven to have a significant level of uncertainty that is dependent on climatic and traffic loading conditions. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the AC mixture properties and components on the uncertainty in the | E*| mastercurve. This objective is achieved by conducting an experimental program incorporating four different mixtures having the same material sources but different binder types and gradations. Monte Carlo simulations are used to model the uncertainty of | E*| for each of these mixtures. The paper shows that the uncertainty is dependent on mixture type, as the presence of larger nominal maximum aggregate size, modified binder, or additive can increase the uncertainty in the | E*| mastercurve, especially at high temperatures or slow loading rates. The uncertainty is proven to be material related and not imposed by the testing instrumentation.

Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Mixtures

2015 ◽  
Vol 2507 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel B. Cooper ◽  
Louay N. Mohammad ◽  
Mostafa A. Elseifi ◽  
Amar Raghavendra
Keyword(s):  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
Pavement Performance Prediction

Mix properties that deviate appreciably from the design properties during the production and construction of asphalt mixtures can lead to premature pavement distress or even failure. The objective of this study was to quantify the differences in the dynamic modulus of specimens prepared during design, production, and construction of dense-graded asphalt pavements and their effects on pavement performance prediction. For the achievement of this objective, Superpave® mixtures were collected from Iowa, Florida, Virginia, Michigan, South Dakota, Louisiana, Minnesota, and Wisconsin during design [laboratory-mixed and laboratory-compacted (LL)], production [plant-produced and laboratory-compacted (PL)], and construction [plant-produced and field-compacted (PF) specimens]. The nominal maximum aggregate size was kept constant at 12.5 mm. An indirect tension dynamic complex modulus (IDT | E*|) was measured for the three specimen types (i.e., LL, PL, and PF). Results showed that laboratory-compacted and field-compacted specimens exhibited large and significant differences. This finding was attributed to differences in the compaction effort and procedure between the field and the laboratory. Results of the AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design showed that the use of dynamic moduli obtained from different specimen types would result in significant differences in pavement performance prediction. This research was part of NCHRP Project 9-48, Field Versus Laboratory Volumetrics and Mechanical Properties.

scholarly journals Development of a 4.75 mm asphalt mixture design for Implementation in Louisiana DOTD Specifications

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-644
Author(s):  
Saman Salari ◽  
Samuel Cooper ◽  
Louay N. Mohammad ◽  
Peyman Barghabany
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Wheel Tracking

AbstractThe Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (DOTD) and other state agencies are continuously looking for techniques to reduce roadway maintenance and construction costs. A common consideration is to introduce asphalt mixtures with a smaller nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) for utilization in roadways. In a previous study, DOTD concluded that mixtures with a 4.75 mm NMAS provided acceptable performance as a surface layer. Excessive stockpiles of unused smaller aggregates can result in an economically competitive source to be consi dered for asphalt mixtures. The DOTD developed mixtures with four aggregate types and two binder types. A comprehensive evaluation of performance was conducted through volumetric and mechanistic testing. Performance testing consisted of the Loaded Wheel Tracking (LWT) test to determine rutting resistance, Semi-Circular Bend (SCB) test to evaluate intermediate temperature cracking resistance, and dynamic modulus (E*) to ascertain the stiffness at intermediate temperatures. As expected, asphalt binder grade, aggregate type and mixture composition affected the performance of mixtures evaluated. Gravel mixtures were susceptible to cracking, while limestone mixtures were susceptible to rutting. An economic analysis was conducted to determine the viability of 4.75 mm mixtures. The cost per ton of 4.75 mm mixtures in Louisiana was higher than conventional 12.5 mm mixtures. However, when considering the lift thickness of potential overlays, the 4.75 mm aggregate mixtures became more viable. Further, a life-cycle analysis of a designed pavement using AASHTO Pavement-ME was performed to compare the lifetime durability of the 4.75 mm NMAS mixtures to a conventional 12.5 mm mixture.

Laboratory Assessment of Dense Graded Asphalt Concrete Incorporating Coal Furnace Ash in South of Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Dang Tung Dang ◽  
Manh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Tram Hoang ◽  
Anh Thang Le
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Laboratory Performance ◽  
Major Interest

Currently, application of industrial waste or by-product in road construction industrials is a major interest by researchers, government officers and engineers. Coal ashes by-product from industrial parks negatively impact environment, costly in treatment, and require large ground for disposing areas. Therefore, this paper proposes on using the coal ash from furnace products of an industrial park in South of Vietnam to be incorporated into dense graded asphalt concrete using Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size 12.5mm. Laboratory performance tests including Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, Cantabro loss, and dynamic fatigue test were conducted. The effects of coal ash contents in replacement of fine aggregate which is passing 4.75mm sieve from asphalt mixture into laboratory performance of mixture is also discussed in detail.

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