scholarly journals Surface-Related High School Football Game Injuries on Pad and No-Pad Fields

2021 ◽  
pp. 2489-2497
Author(s):  
Michael C. Meyers
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Injury Mechanism ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Anatomic Location ◽  
Injury Category ◽  
Knee Trauma ◽  
Primary Type ◽  
Type Of Injury

Background: Artificial turf fields are increasingly being installed with lighter weight infill systems that incorporate a pad underlayer, which is reported to reduce surface shock and decrease injuries. At this time, the effects of a pad underlayer on football trauma are unknown. Hypothesis: Athletes would not experience differences in surface-related injuries between pad and no-pad fields. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Artificial turf fields were divided into 2 groups based on a pad underlayer or no-pad system, with 58 high schools participating across 3 states over the course of 7 seasons. Outcomes of interest included injury severity, head and knee trauma, injury category, primary type of injury, injury mechanism, anatomic location of trauma, tissue type injured, and elective imaging and surgical procedures. Data underwent multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) using general linear model procedures and were expressed as injury incidence rates per 10-game season. Results: Of 658 varsity games, 260 games were played on fields containing pads, and 398 games were played on no-pad fields, with 795 surface-related injuries reported. MANOVA indicated significant main effects by injury severity ( F3,791 = 11.436; P < .0001), knee trauma ( F9,785 = 2.435; P = .045), injury category ( F3,791 = 3.073; P < .0001), primary type of injury ( F10,785 = 2.660; P < .0001), injury mechanism ( F13,781 = 2.053; P < .001), anatomic location ( F16,778 = 1.592; P < .001), type of tissue injured ( F4,790 = 4.485; P < .0001), and elective imaging and surgical procedures ( F4,790 = 4.248; P < .002). Post hoc analyses indicated significantly greater incidences ( P < .05) of substantial and severe injury, player-to-turf trauma, patellofemoral syndrome, neck strain, lower leg strain, and elective imaging and surgical procedures when games were played on padded turf fields. No differences in concussion rate from turf impact between pad and no-pad fields were observed. Conclusion: In contrast to conventional wisdom, the addition of a pad under an artificial turf surface increases injury rates when compared with nonpadded fields across most injury categories. At this time, findings do not support the current trend of installing lightweight padded infill systems at the high school level of play.

scholarly journals Surface-Related High School Football Game Injuries on Pad and No Pad Fields (101)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0025
Author(s):  
Michael Meyers
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Injury Mechanism ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
High School Football ◽  
Injury Category ◽  
Primary Type ◽  
Type Of Injury

Objectives: Today’s new generations of artificial turf infill systems are increasingly being installed with lighter weight infill systems, which often incorporate interlocking polypropylene or thermoelastomer pad systems under the fiber-infill layers, reportedly to reduce surface shock, decrease concussions, and enhance shoe: surface stability. At this time, however, the effects of pad systems on high school football trauma during game conditions are unknown. With more than one million athletes playing competitive football, the rise in medical costs, and the increasing popularity of base pads being installed today as an alternative to heavier infill weight systems, this study focused on quantifying the potential influence of this practice on the incidence, mechanisms, and severity of game-related, high school varsity football injuries. Methods: Artificial turf playing fields were divided into two groups based on a pad underlayer or a no pad system. Fifty-eight high schools participated across three states over 7 seasons. Outcomes of interest included injury severity, injury category, primary type of injury, injury mechanism, anatomical location of trauma, type of tissue injured, and elective imaging/surgical procedures. Data were subject to multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) and Wilks’ λ criteria using general linear model procedures. Data were expressed as injury incidence rates (IIR) per 10 game season. Results: Of 658 varsity games documented, 260 games were played on fields containing pads, and 398 on no-pad fields, with 795 total injuries reported. MANOVA indicated a significant main effect across pad and no pad playing surfaces by injury severity (F3,791 = 11.436; P < .0001), knee trauma (F9,785 = 2.435; P = .045), injury category (F3,791 = 3.073; P < .0001), primary type of injury (F10,785 = 2.660; P < .0001), injury mechanism (F13,781 = 2.053; P < .001), anatomical location of trauma (F16,778 = 1.592; P < .001), type of tissue injured (F4,790 = 4.485; P < .0001), and elective imaging and surgical procedures (F4,790 = 4.248; P < .002). Post hoc analyses indicated significantly higher ( P < .05) substantial injury [10.3, (95% CI, 10.0-10.5) vs 3.0 (2.5-3.4)], player-to turf trauma [6.5, (95% CI, 5.9-7.1) vs 2.0 (1.6-2.4)], patellofemoral syndrome [1.3, (95% CI, 0.9-1.7) vs 0.3 (0.2-0.5)], neck strain [2.0, (95% CI, 1.5-2.5) vs 0.3 (0.2-0.5)], lower leg strain [3.9, (95% CI, 3.3-4.5) vs 1.1 (0.8-1.4)], and a higher number of lower extremity elective imaging and surgical procedures requested [7.2, (95% CI, 6.7-7.7) vs 3.2 (2.8-3.7)] when competing on artificial turf fields with pads as compared to no pad systems, respectively. In regard to reducing the frequency of concussions, there was no significant difference in concussion rate attributed to turf impact [0.3, (95% CI, 0.2-0.6) vs 0.1 (0.1-0.3)] between pad and no pad fields, respectively. Conclusions: The addition of a pad under an artificial turf surface increases injury rates when compared to non-pad fields across most injury categories. At this time, findings do not support the current trend of installing lightweight padded infill systems at the high school level of play. This is the first longitudinal study to investigate the influence of a pad on sport trauma, when integrated with an artificial turf infill system.

scholarly journals Incidence of Game-Related, High School Football Lower Extremity and Surface Impact Trauma Requiring Elective Imaging and Surgery across Artificial Turf Systems of Various Infill Weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0041
Author(s):  
Michael Clinton Meyers
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Surface Interaction ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
High School Football ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Injury Category

Objectives: Artificial turf surfaces are developed to duplicate playing characteristics of natural grass. With the newer generations of sand and rubber infill systems, infill weight is a common component that varies between fields. With the increasing concerns of rising medical costs, the potential for long-term articular changes, and perceived higher incidence of articular trauma while playing on artificial turf, infill weight could be a critical factor that could influence sport trauma and subsequent elective medical decisions. Therefore, this study quantified the incidence of game-related, high school football lower extremity and surface impact trauma requiring elective medical procedures across artificial turf systems of various infill weight. Methods: Artificial turf systems were divided into two sand/rubber infill weight groups by lbs per square foot: 6.0 to ≥9.0, and 0.0-5.9. Fifty-seven high schools participated across four states over 5 seasons. Outcomes of interest included elective medical procedures by injury category (player-turf surface impact trauma, trauma from shoe: surface interaction during physical collision/contact, trauma from shoe: surface interaction during physical noncontact). Data were subject to multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) and Wilks’ λ criteria using general linear model procedures. Results: Of 1,837 games documented, 1,049 games were played on 6.0 to ≥9.0 lbs infill/sq. ft, and 788 on 0.0-5.9 lbs infill/sq. ft, with 4,655 total injuries reported. MANOVA indicated a significant main effect across elective medical procedures by injury category (F3,3977 = 16.574; P < .0001). Post hoc analyses indicated significantly lower injury incidence rates (IIR per 10 game season) requiring radiography and MRI procedures following player-turf surface impact trauma [1.7, (95% CI, 1.5 -1.9) vs 3.2 (2.9-3.5); P = .001], trauma from shoe: surface interaction during physical collision/contact [2.4, (95% CI, 2.1-2.6) vs 3.2 (2.9-3.5); P = .001], and trauma from shoe: surface interaction during physical noncontact [0.4, (95% CI, 0.3-0.5) vs 0.7 (0.5-0.9); P = .01], while competing on the 6 to ≥9.0 lbs infill/sq. ft when compared to the lighter infill weight systems, respectively. No significant differences in surgical procedures by injury category were observed between infill weight. Conclusion: As the artificial infill surface weight decreased, the incidence of game-related, high school football lower extremity and surface impact trauma, and subsequent elective medical procedures significantly increased. Based on findings, high school football fields should minimally contain 6.0 to ≥9.0 lbs infill/sq. ft. This is the first longitudinal study to investigate the influence of artificial infill weight influence on high school sport trauma and elective medical decisions.

scholarly journals Injuries, treatment, and impairment caused by different types of fireworks; results of a 10 year multicenter retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daan T. Van Yperen ◽  
Esther M. M. Van Lieshout ◽  
J. Niels Dijkshoorn ◽  
Cornelis H. Van der Vlies ◽  
Michael H. J. Verhofstad
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
Clear Increase ◽  
Level 1 Trauma Center ◽  
Head Neck

Abstract Objectives The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the number of patients reported to a hospital with injuries from consumer fireworks in the months December–January in the past 10 years, and to describe the association between the type of fireworks, injury pattern, treatment, and permanent impairment. Methods A multicenter, retrospective, observational case series. Patients were selected from two hospitals in the Southwest Netherlands: a level 1 trauma center and a specialized burn center. All patients with any fireworks-related injuries treated between December 1 and January 31, during 2007 (December) to 2017 (January), were eligible for participation. The primary outcome was the number of patients with any type of injury caused by fireworks. The secondary outcome measures were patient and injury characteristics, treatment details, and whole person impairment (WPI). The percentage WPI expresses a patient’s degree of permanent impairments as a result of fireworks-related injuries. Results Of the 297 eligible patients, 272 patients were included. From 2007 to 2017, between 21 and 40 patients were treated, and no clear increase or decrease was observed in the number of patients and in the number of patients per type of fireworks. Explosive fireworks mainly caused upper extremity (N = 65; 68%) injuries, while rockets (N = 24; 41%) and aerials (N = 7; 41%) mainly affected the head/neck. Decorative fireworks predominantly resulted in burns (N = 82; 68%), and explosive fireworks in soft tissue lacerations (N = 24; 25%), fractures (N = 16; 17%), and amputations (N = 14; 15%). Patients injured by explosive and homemade fireworks were most often admitted to a hospital (respectively N = 24; 36% and N = 12; 80%), and resulted in the highest proportion undergoing surgical procedures (respectively N = 22; 33% and N = 7; 47%). WPI found in this study was between 0 to 95%, with a median of 0%. In 34 (14%) patients, the injuries resulted in a WPI of ≥1%, mostly as a result of explosive fireworks (N = 18; 53%). Conclusion This study found no increase or decrease in the number of patients treated in two specialized hospitals. Explosive and homemade fireworks could be considered as most dangerous, as they result into the most hospital admissions, surgical procedures, and into the most injuries with permanent impairment as a result.

Sports Members' Participation in Assessment of Incidence Rate of Injuries in Five Sports from Records of Hospital-Based Clinical Treatment

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Kingma ◽  
Henk Jan Ten Duis
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity Score ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type Of Injury

This study is about the incidence rate of sports injuries in five different types of sports, gymnastics, soccer, volleyball, hockey, and basketball, for which 5,154 patients were admitted to the Emergency Unit of the Groningen University Hospital during the period 1990 through 1994. Incidence rate had been computed by membership participation. Basketball had the highest incidence rate (231 injured persons per 10,000 participants), followed by hockey (158 injured persons per 10,000 participants). The highest mean Injury Severity Score, 2.39, was found for gymnastics which had the lowest incidence rate (7 injured persons per 10,000 participants). Gymnastics had the highest percentage (12%) clinically treated patients, whereas basketball had the smallest percentage (2%) of clinically treated patients. The most frequent type of injury was distorsion, except for hockey, in which contusion had the highest percentage of occurrence. For all five types of sports, the majority (about 90%) of the injuries were observed at either the lower or at the upper extremities.

scholarly journals Demographic study of patients with vertebral column trauma in North-West of Iran trauma center

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Samad Shams Vahdati ◽  
Ozgur Tatli ◽  
Pouya Paknejad ◽  
Neda Parnianfard ◽  
Ali Aygun
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
North West ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Spinal Traumatic injuries is the major damage which is associated with morbidity and mortality rates. In this study the epidemiological characteristics of trauma, spine and their relationship to outcome were investigated. Methods: In this cross sectional study, patients’ information such as age, sex, type of injury, severity of injury, site of injury trauma who admitted to Imam Reza hospital from 29 march 2012 to 20 march 2014 were included. We used Chi-square tests to compare the types of injuries associated with the injury and regression methods. Results: The spinal trauma was identified in 105 cases, of which 9/61% were male. 1.18% of patients with incomplete injury, 5/10% 4/71% damage and no injuries were full. 6/48% of vehicle accidents, 22 cases (21%) of motorcycle accidents, 14 cases  3/13% due to the fall, the equivalent of 10 5/9% of pedestrian accidents, the equivalent of 5 7/4% injury 3 people with a knife and the rest of 9/2% were due to other causes. 6 people, equivalent to 2/9% were experiencing mortality. Type of injury, site of injury and injury severity was significantly associated with outcome. Conclusion: accidents caused by motor vehicles (cars and motorcycles) are the most common cause of trauma in spines in our country. Three factors as well as stable or unstable trauma, the severity of the initial injury and the injury as factors influencing outcome were obtained. According to the achievement of the emergency department in the early diagnosis, appropriate management such as surgery in preventing complications and improving outcome becomes more clear.Key words: Trauma; Spine;

scholarly journals Determinants Of Lower-extremity Injury Severity And Recovery Among High School Soccer Players In The U.S.

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7S) ◽  
pp. 1058-1058
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Angelo F. Elmi ◽  
Heather Young ◽  
Zachary Y. Kerr ◽  
Loretta DiPietro
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Extremity Injury ◽  
The U.S
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