A Modern Non-Western Thinker as a Subject of Intercultural Dialogue (Based on M. K. Gandhi’s Example)

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Elena A. Bitinayte
Keyword(s):  
Mental Image ◽  
Intercultural Dialogue ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Intercultural Communications ◽  
Essential Question ◽  
Western Civilisation ◽  
Shifting Attention

An intercultural dialogue is the essential question in modernising societies. Non-Western thinkers (i.e., thinkers influenced by both traditional non-Western and modern Western cultures) are the active subjects of such intercommunications. Their existence on the joint of two civilisations forms their social, cultural and mental image. The intellectuals of this type are attached to both societies and at the same time, they are detached from each of them. Also, they play the role of mediators between two civilisations. These circumstances determine features of their participation in the intercultural dialogue: promote the understanding of two cultures by thinkers, obstruct the understanding of their ideas by compatriots and foreigners and help intellectuals to explain values and senses of one culture to representatives of another. These processes are illustrated in the article on M. K. Gandhi’s example. Consideration of the Indian thinker as a subject of intercultural communications reveals complexity of his views on the Western civilisation. The author comes to the conclusion that Gandhi was not a traditionalist and his rejection of modern Western civilisation means his call for shifting attention from the material sphere to the spiritual one.

Trust in the Workplace: The Role of Social Interaction Diversity in the Community and in the Workplace

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Cui ◽  
Ilan Vertinsky ◽  
Sandra Robinson ◽  
Oana Branzei
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Extending the literature on social capital development in the community, this article examines the impact of diverse social interactions (in the community and the workplace) on the development of social trust in the workplace, and investigates whether their effects differ in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Using survey data collected in Canada and China, the authors find that the diversity of one’s social interactions in the community is positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, and this relationship is not significantly different between the two cultures. Diversity of one’s social interactions in the workplace is also positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, though only in collectivistic cultures.

Truth and Privilege

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsay Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Social History ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Essential Question ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Common

Truth and Privilege is a comparative study that brings together legal, constitutional and social history to explore the common law's diverging paths in two kindred places committed to freedom of expression but separated by the American Revolution. Comparing Nova Scotia and Massachusetts, Lyndsay Campbell examines the development of libel law, the defences of truth and privilege, and the place of courts as fora for disputes. She contrasts courts' centrality in struggles over expression and the interpretation of individual rights in Massachusetts with concerns about defining protective boundaries for the press and individuals through institutional design in Nova Scotia. Campbell's rich analysis acts as a lens through which to understand the role of law in shaping societal change in the nineteenth century, shedding light on the essential question we still grapple with today: what should law's role be in regulating expression we perceive as harmful?

scholarly journals The Theory of Interpretation in Solving Contemporary Legal Issues: With A Focus on the Instrument of Ijtihad

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 05056
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman M.A.Albelahi ◽  
A. Ali ◽  
Faten Mohmed ◽  
Metwally Ali
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Interpretation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Essential Question ◽  
Judicial Reasoning ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Legislation

Since the beginning, legal theory has concerned itself with the establishment of principles and precepts that govern the procedure of legal interpretation, from the initial stages of the judicial reasoning down to the promulgation of ruling and their implementation, Islam is a total way of life. Muslims are obliged to abide by the rules of Allah in every aspect of their lives, always and wherever they live. However, the actual rules of Allah as given in the Qur’an and the sunna are limited. The Qur’an contains only six hundred verses directly related to laws, and there are approximately two thousand hadiths. The function of interpretation is to discover the intention of the Lawmaker of the matter, therefore, interpretat primarily concerned with the discovery of that which is rot self-evident the objective of interpretation is to ascertain the intention c the Lawmaker with regard to what has been left unexpressed as a matter of necessary interference from the surrounding circumstances. Sometimes, the textual sources did not provide detailed guidelines in which to derive the law, and then the role of interpretation is important to determine the law. In Islamic law the role of Ijtihad undoubtedly important in order to meet new problems. But some of the Jurist contended that the role of Ijtihad had ended and we have to follow the rule that has been stated. An explanation given to this trend is that a point had been reached at which all essential question of law had been thoroughly discussed and further deliberation was deemed unnecessary. In Common law, man-made law and legislation are related to one another within a philosophy of law. Parliament makes law and it is the duty of the courts to give effect to them if properly enacted. While courts may rule that a particular statute or section is invalid for various reasons such as unconstitutionality, they cannot say, "We shall change this Act because it is not appropriate". That function belongs to Parliament (Wu Min Aun 1990: 120). So as in Islamic law, the Lawmaker is Allah S.w.t and the sacred text (Quran) is legislated due to His intention whereas Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad is enacted due to the Prophet's intention. Therefore, Ulama of Usul Fiqh, in making any Ijtihad, they are du y bound to be guided by Quran and Sunnah.

scholarly journals The International Tourism Development as a Way to Formation of Cross-Cultural Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (516) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Z. A. Atamanchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Intercultural Communications ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Individual

The scientific publication is aimed at exploring the communicative aspects of tourism, its value impact on humans, substantiating the peculiarities of the development of international tourism as a way to formation of cross-cultural tolerance. The article accentuates on the cultural values and value characterizations of international tourism, the role of the communicative culture of the individual as the main link in the concept of the theoretical model of universal human values, the importance of adherence to the principles of tolerance, which are becoming increasingly important in the modern world in the context of globalization of the economy, development of communications, growth of mobility, integration, interdependence and transformation of social cultures. The approaches to analyzing tourism as a social and cultural phenomenon are systematized, the stages of the communication process are distinguished. The author analyzes the content of the most significant documents in the sphere of international tourism adopted with the participation of the World Tourist Organization, which emphasizes the need to adhere to tolerant forms of communication. The focus is placed on the role of international organizations in strengthening cultural ties between peoples, mutual enrichment of cultures as a result of tourist exchange, observance of the principles of tolerance. On the way to the application in practice of establishing intercultural communications in international tourism, the article substantiates effectiveness of such methods as: introduction of an adequate system of acculturation, which involves such types of communication ties as integration, assimilation, division, marginalization at the levels of emotions, actions and cognition; creation of such conditions by the host party, which would contribute to increasing the level of satisfaction of tourists by establishing a constant exchange of information, maintaining feedback, disseminating content among visitors regarding the prospects for the development of tourist infrastructure of the host country.

scholarly journals The Role Of The Great Silk Road In The Formation, Development And Support Of Interethnic And Intercultural Dialogue And Exchange

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (11) ◽  
pp. 276-282
Author(s):  
Mamasalieva Guldona Anvarbekovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Intercultural Dialogue ◽  
Intercultural Relations ◽  
Economic Relations

The article examines the role of the Great Silk Road in the formation, development and maintenance of interethnic and intercultural relations with other peoples in the context of trade and economic relations. This article attempts to reveal the role of the Great Silk Road as the main and important trans-European highway, which has contributed to the improvement of cultural ties over the years.

Benford in His Own Words

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Slusser
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Rhetorical Devices ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The Two Cultures

This chapter considers the series of essays Gregory Benford wrote for University of California Riverside's Eaton Conference from 1979 to 2009. It explores Benford's personal vision by connecting the various threads of his essays, including his analysis of J. G. Ballard's term of “experience” from the point of view of the “intuitionist” school of natural philosophy; the process of alien ingestion; the narrative and rhetorical devices needed to achieve what he calls that “falsely quiet” moment when the practicing scientist senses the possibility of alien encounter; the role of aliens in science fiction; his use of the cyberpunk phenomenon to denounce what he sees as the disturbing rise of fantasy as a cultural phenomenon; and the two-cultures gap in science fiction.

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