Epidemiological study of urinary tract stones in a Northern Italian city

An epidemiological study about stone disease was carried out by mailing a postal questionnaire to 6000 persons; it concerned a sample of the population of the USL n. 5 (Fidenza - PR). This population sample was divided into two groups: those who live on the hills and those who live on the plain. No differences of any kind were found between the two groups. It came out that the incidence of stone disease in the general population is 8%. There was a relationship between stone disease and hypertension and other renal diseases. Stone-formers showed no alimentary difference from non-stone formers. Stone-formers drank more still mineral water than non-stone formers, but only 37% of them drank at least 2 litres a day.

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Epidemiological Study of Urinary Tract Stones in a Northern Italian City

British Journal of Urology ◽

10.1111/j.1464-410x.1990.tb14716.x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 231-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

L. BORGHI ◽

P. P. FERRETTI ◽

G. F. ELIA ◽

F. AMATO ◽

E. MELLONI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Epidemiological Study ◽

Urinary Tract Stones ◽

Italian City

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Is There an Association between Childhood Obesity and Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease? A Literature Review

Uro ◽

10.3390/uro1030014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 108-117

Author(s):

Henry J. Paiste ◽

Luke Moradi ◽

Dean G. Assimos ◽

Kyle D. Wood ◽

Pankaj P. Dangle

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Literature Review ◽

Pediatric Obesity ◽

Stone Disease ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Obesity Epidemic ◽

Pediatric Urolithiasis ◽

Stone Formers ◽

Causal Pathway ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Objectives: To examine the most recent literature and published science in determining any and all possible associations between pediatric obesity and pediatric urolithiasis. Methods: Retrospective literature review of pediatric stone formers with diagnosed stone disease and all associated risk factors. Peer-reviewed, published manuscripts from the past several decades were analyzed for risk factors associated with pediatric obesity such as diet, hypertension, and renal diseases. Comparing the pediatric obesity literature with the pediatric stone forming literature, any associations and correlations were derived and analyzed. Results: Despite the existing evidence that obesity is linked to stones in adults, the evidence remains unclear whether obesity plays a role in children. Nutritional discrepancies, in the setting of the obesity epidemic, have been shown to alter the risk profile of pediatric patients. Consistent with the published literature, and lack of consistent correlation with obesity and stone disease, is the knowledge that age, gender, geography, and climate may all play a role in the onset of pediatric obesity and may also be on the causal pathway toward pediatric urolithiasis. Conclusion: The manuscript demonstrates that there are a number of risk factors, congenital or acquired, that are associated with pediatric obesity. The mechanisms responsible for these associations may be on the causal pathway toward childhood urolithiasis. These mechanisms that underlie these associations need to be further investigated.

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CALCIUM

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2010.17.04.3027 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (04) ◽

pp. 698-701

Author(s):

MUHAMMAD ISHAQ ◽

ISRAR AHMED AKHUND ◽

MOULA BUX LAGHARI ◽

Muhammad Sabir

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Upper Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Calcium ◽

Stone Disease ◽

Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽

Calcium Excretion ◽

Stone Formers ◽

Study Results ◽

Urinary Tract Stone

Aims & Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Serum Calcium and Urinary Calcium excretion on upper urinary tract stone diseases in the Peshawar (a high stone incidence belt). Subjects & Methods: One hundred patients (age 20-60years) who were suffering severely from upper urinary tract stone disease were selected from LRH and Hayatabad Medical Complex Hospitals of Peshawar, same numbers of healthy controls from the same region were also selected for the study. Results: When results were summed up and testParameters were compared, it was seen that mean Serum Calcium in stone formers was greater than that of non-stone formers (P<0.001). Same pattern was also observed (P< 0.001) in both groups regarding mean urinary calcium excretion. Conclusions: We concluded that calcium is a definitive risk factor in upper urinary tract stone disease. However we suggest further work and research on wide scale population inorder to evaluate this relation.

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Konsumsi Makanan yang Berisiko terhadap Kejadian Batu Saluran Kemih

Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan ◽

10.30602/jvk.v4i1.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Elly Trisnawati ◽

Jumenah Jumenah

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Urinary Stone ◽

Stone Disease ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Urinary Stone Disease ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Urinary Tract Stones

Abstract: Food Consumption Risk Against The Incidence Of Urinary Tract Stones. BSK (Urinary track stone; Urolithiasis) is a health problem that had long been known and ranked in the third place of Urology. Based on the data in the RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak BSK case data always has increased each year. In 2014 as much as 31.236 cases. In 2015 the proportion of urinary stone disease was 36.182%. While in the period January-November of 2016 the proportion of urinary stone disease was 44.75%. BSK has greater risk suffered by men. Men have the anatomy of the urinary tract is longer than the female. In addition, in the male urine calcium levels are higher, compounded if you have the habit of holding urinate and bad eating patterns. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between food consumption at the risk of urinary tract stones. Type of this research is a case-control design. The Sample research is 96 respondents (48 cases and 48 controls) taken with purposive sampling technique. Statistical tests using the chi-square with a confidence level of 95%. The results of this study indicate that factors into the risk of formation of BSK is a source of protein consumption consumption (P Value = 0.051, OR: 2,616 (1,083-6,321)), vegetable consumption (P Value = 0.040, OR: 2.571 mg (1,124-5,884)). It is recommended to the Provincial Hospital Dr. Soedarso Pontianak convene regular health promotion by making use of television media available in the waiting room of a patient primarily about the foods that can cause the formation of such BSK the consumption of high protein and vegetable sources contain oxalate.Abstrak: Konsumsi Makanan Yang Berisiko Terhadap Kejadian Batu Saluran Kemih. Batu Saluan Kemih (BSK) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sudah lama dikenal dan menempati urutan ketiga di bidang Urologi. Berdasarkan data di RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak data kasus BSK selalu mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, yaitu sebanyak 31,23% tahun 2014, sebanyak 36,18% tahun 2015 dan sebanyak 44,75% pada bulan Januari-November 2016. BSK memiliki risiko lebih besar diderita oleh laki-laki. Laki-laki memiliki anatomi saluran kemih lebih panjang dari perempuan. Selain itu, dalam urine laki-laki kadar kalsium lebih tinggi, diperparah jika memiliki kebiasaan menahan buang air kecil dan pola makan yang kurang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan dan besar risiko antara konsumsi makanan dengan batu saluran kemih. Jenis penelitian ini adalah desain kasus kontrol. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 96 responden (48 kasus dan 48 kontrol) yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Uji statistik menggunakan chi-square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan faktor yang menjadi risiko terbentuknya BSK adalah konsumsi konsumsi sumber protein (p value = 0,051, OR: 2,616 (1,083-6,321)), konsumsi sayur ( p-value = 0,040, OR: 2,571(1,124-5,884)). Disarankan kepada RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak untuk mengadakan promosi kesehatan secara berkala dengan memanfaatkan media televisi yang tersedia di ruang tunggu pasien terutama mengenai makanan-makanan yang dapat menyebabkan terbentuknya BSK seperti konsumsi sumber protein tinggi dan sayur mengandung oksalat.

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Clinical Pattern of Urinary Stone Disease in Our Setting

Annals of King Edward Medical University ◽

10.21649/akemu.v15i1.25 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jan Muhammad Memon ◽

M. Amin Athar ◽

Anwar Ali Akhund

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Calculi ◽

Urinary Stone ◽

Upper Urinary Tract ◽

Stone Disease ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Urinary Stone Disease ◽

Clinical Pattern ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Urinary Tract Stones

Objectives: To study the basic clinical pattern of urinary stone disease in our setting.Study design: Descriptive study.Setting: Department of surgery of Nawabshah Medical College Nawabshah over a period of 4 years between August 2003to August 2007.Subjects: A total of 257 urolith patients with different stone burden enrolled in the study.Methodology: Structured and standardized history and clinical investigations collected in all of urolith patients. Thediagnosis of stone disease was based on history, physical examination followed by KUB x-ray, ultrasonography and IVU .Allpatients subjected to open stone surgery. The data were analyzed prospectively with outcome measures of gender, stonelocation, clinical presentation and operative procedures.Results: Out of 257 patients 181 (70.42%) were male and 76 (29.56%) female with male to female ratio of 2.3:1.The ageranged from 1 year to 80 with the mean of 25.8 years. The peak incidence of upper urinary tract stones was in 20-30 yearswhile lower urinary tract stones in both sexes were under 10 years (Table 1). Anatomical distribution of stone showed 116(45.16%) renal, 21 (8.17%) ureteric, 108 (42%) bladder and 12 (4.66%) urethral calculi (Table 2). The commonest clinicalpresentation was that of pain in 67.31% of patients associated with haematuria in 26.7% of cases. Clinical urinary tractinfection (UTI) was in 15% and 8.9% of patients had spontaneous stone passage (lithuria). The symptoms of bladder outletobstruction (BOO) including retention of urine were in 7% of cases. Calculus anuria was in 1.9% of cases and 8.1% patientshad asymptomatic stones. Bilithiasis (chole-nephrolithiasis) was in 5% of cases (Table 3). Open stone surgery included 84(32.68%) simple pylolithotomies, 15 (5.83%) extended pylolithotomies, 6 (2.33%) pylolithotomy and pyloplasty, 5 (1.94%)nephrolithotomy, 6 (2.33%) nephrectomies, 21 (8.17%) uretrolithotomy, Cystolithotomy was 113 (43.96%) cystolithotomy, 2(0.77%) urethrolithotomy and meatotomy in 5 (1.94%) of patients.Conclusion: Urolithiasis is increasing problem with high frequency of bladder stones and male predominance in our part ofSindh province. Open surgery is still needed to treat the patients where modern and minimally invasive therapeutic modalitiesare out of reach and non-availability in public sector. Establishment of modern stone clinics in rural setup is the need oftoday’s medical practice.Keywords: Urinary calculi, Clinical profile, Open stone surgery.

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Do urologists follow the golden rule? A global urolithiasis management study by the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.3282 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1-2) ◽

pp. 50 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gregory Roberts ◽

Dedan Opondo ◽

Linda Nott ◽

Hassan Razvi ◽

Jean De la Rosette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Clinical Research ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Golden Rule ◽

Upper Urinary Tract ◽

Stone Disease ◽

Cohen’S Kappa ◽

Cohen's Kappa ◽

Urinary Tract Stones ◽

Research Office

Introduction: The primary objective of this study was to compare surgical management options for various urolithiasis scenarios that urologists would choose for themselves vs. the options they would recommend for their patients. The secondary objective was to identify the common recommended treatments for upper urinary tract stones of various sizes and locations.Methods: Two surveys were sent by the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) to members of the Endourological Society. Standard demographic information was collected. The first survey asked the urologists to recommend treatment for urolithiasis in 10 different scenarios assuming that they were the patient with stone disease. The second survey, sent eight months later, asked urologists to recommend treatment for the same 10 scenarios for a theoretical patient. Only urologists who responded to the first and the second survey were included. Recommended treatment options were compared between the surveys. Agreement between the two scenarios was measured with Cohen’s kappa. Surveys were conducted on the Internet using SurveyMonkey™. All statistical analyses were performed using R statistical program version 2.12.2.Results: The two surveys had response rates of 78% (160/205) and 84% (172/205), respectively with urologists from 38 countries. Median experience of respondents was seven years (range: 2‒30). The majority of respondents, 117 (75%), were affiliated with academic hospitals. Recommended treatments for stone disease in different scenarios were not entirely consistent when the urologists considered themselves as the patients compared to the choice they might recommend for their patients. Cohen’s kappa ranged from 0.292‒0.534 for the different scenarios. Overall, shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopy (URS) were the most commonly chosen treatment options, with medical expulsive therapy (MET) and laparoscopy being the least recommended by urologists for themselves, as well as for their patients.Conclusions: Although urologists were not entirely consistent in their recommendations for stone treatment, they generally followed the “golden rule” and treated their patients as they would want to be treated. The most commonly recommended treatments for upper urinary tract stones were SWL and URS.

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Recurrence Prevention in Patients with Urinary Tract Stone Disease

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2004.3 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 35-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hans-Göran Tiselius

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Stone Disease ◽

Common Disease ◽

Stone Formers ◽

Urinary Tract Stone ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Guideline Group ◽

Individualised Treatment

Formation of urinary tract concrements is a common disease and steps should be taken in order to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to give the patients appropriate advice and medical treatment. This present article summarizes the principles for recurrence preventive measures in patients with uric acid, infection, cystine and calcium stone disease. Categories of stone formers are identified with the aim of providing a basis for an individualised treatment with a reasonable patient's compliance. The recommendations are in line with those given by the EAU guideline group for urolithiasis.

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Are upper urinary tract stones more common in more deprived populations?

Journal of Clinical Urology ◽

10.1177/2051415819884839 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 228-234

Author(s):

Robert S Radcliffe ◽

Steven Miller ◽

Simon T Williams ◽

Richard FJ Stanford

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Poisson Regression ◽

Upper Urinary Tract ◽

Stone Disease ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Urinary Tract Stones ◽

Calculus Formation ◽

Urinary Tract Stone ◽

The Relationship ◽

Index Of Multiple Deprivation

Purpose: To examine the relationship between deprivation and upper tract calculus formation, and provide a contemporary estimate of the incidence of upper urinary tract stone disease. Methods: A retrospective review of hospital episodes for patients presenting to our institution with upper urinary tract stone disease in a 3-year period between 2010 and 2014. Incidence of stone disease was calculated and stratified according to deprivation, as measured by the index of multiple deprivation (IMD) and its subdomains. Poisson regression was used to model the relationship between deprivation and stone disease. Results: The overall incidence of upper urinary tract stone disease was 115 patients/100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI) 108–122 per 100,000 person-years). There is a link between the IMD (as well as a number of its subdomains) and stone disease. The rate of incident stone disease was 50.6% higher in the most deprived quintile of the IMD when compared to the least deprived ( p < 0.001). Multivariate Poisson regression found that education, skills and training deprivation was the subdomain that predicted stone disease most strongly, with the incidence rate ratio being 1.15 (95% CI 1.053–1.261) for each increase in quintile. Conclusion: This study provides a contemporary measure of the incidence of upper urinary tract stone disease derived from a population in the Midlands of England. It informs our understanding of the link between types of deprivation and stone occurrence. Level of evidence: 2b

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