scholarly journals Is There an Association between Childhood Obesity and Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease? A Literature Review

Uro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Henry J. Paiste ◽  
Luke Moradi ◽  
Dean G. Assimos ◽  
Kyle D. Wood ◽  
Pankaj P. Dangle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Pediatric Urolithiasis ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Causal Pathway ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objectives: To examine the most recent literature and published science in determining any and all possible associations between pediatric obesity and pediatric urolithiasis. Methods: Retrospective literature review of pediatric stone formers with diagnosed stone disease and all associated risk factors. Peer-reviewed, published manuscripts from the past several decades were analyzed for risk factors associated with pediatric obesity such as diet, hypertension, and renal diseases. Comparing the pediatric obesity literature with the pediatric stone forming literature, any associations and correlations were derived and analyzed. Results: Despite the existing evidence that obesity is linked to stones in adults, the evidence remains unclear whether obesity plays a role in children. Nutritional discrepancies, in the setting of the obesity epidemic, have been shown to alter the risk profile of pediatric patients. Consistent with the published literature, and lack of consistent correlation with obesity and stone disease, is the knowledge that age, gender, geography, and climate may all play a role in the onset of pediatric obesity and may also be on the causal pathway toward pediatric urolithiasis. Conclusion: The manuscript demonstrates that there are a number of risk factors, congenital or acquired, that are associated with pediatric obesity. The mechanisms responsible for these associations may be on the causal pathway toward childhood urolithiasis. These mechanisms that underlie these associations need to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Gall stone disease and associated risk factors in Basra/Iraq

HPB ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. e663
Author(s):  
S.M. Imran ◽  
N.A. Ajeel ◽  
Q.Z. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Gall Stone Disease ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Microalbuminuria in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence and Associated Risk factors Title of your

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
Zhian S. Ramzi ◽  
Mahfoodh A. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Microalbuminuria is the most leading cause for cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, end stage renal diseases, and death among diabetic patients. The study carried out                                                                                       to find out the prevalence of microalbuminuria in a sample of Sulaimani diabetics and to determine its relation to different associated risk factors. The first part of study was a cross-sectional study conducted through examination of records of diabetic patients registered in Sulaimani Diabetic Center from June 2010 to May 2012. The second part was a case- control study that conducted in the same center, including 50 cases of diabetics with positive microalbuminuria, and 50 controls with negative one, that were registered in the same center and matched by age and gender. A specially designed questionnaire was used by researcher to collect information from the records. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data analysis. Males accounts for half of cases and controls, highest proportion of sample was found among age group (60-69) years about 34%. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 29%. The study showed a statistical significant association of microalbuminuria with obesity, smoking, hypertension, retinopathy, ischemic heart disease, poor glycemic control, and dyslipidemia.  In conclusion moderate prevalence of microalbuminuria was found among diabetic patients, the prevalence was more common in poor glycemic control, and hypertensive diabetics. There was significant relation between microalbuminuria and diabetic nephropathy.

scholarly journals A systematic review and expert’s analysis of risk factors of infections in adults due to carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter baumannii in Spain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricard Ferrer ◽  
Alex Soriano ◽  
Rafael Cantón ◽  
José Luis Del Pozo ◽  
Carol García-Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Factor Evaluation ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objective. The aim of the study is to identify risk factors associated to infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in adult patients through a systematic literature review, classify them according to their importance and provide recommendations by experts in the Spanish context. Material and methods. We developed a systematic literature review to identify risk factors associated to CRPA or CRAB infections and they were evaluated and discussed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts. Results. There were included 29 studies for P. aeruginosa and 23 for A. baumannii out of 593 identified through systematic literature review. We identified 38 risk factors for P. aeruginosa and 36 for A. baumannii. After risk factor evaluation by the panel of experts, results for CRPA were: 11 important, 10 slightly important and 15 unimportant risk factors; and for CRAB were: 9 important, 5 slightly important and 19 unimportant risk factors. For both pathogens, previous use of antibiotics and hospitalization were important risk factors. Conclusion. We could identify the main risk factors associated to CRPA and CRAB through literature review. There is a need for developing additional studies with higher levels of evidence to identify sooner and better infected patients through associated risk factors.

scholarly journals The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and associated risk factors–A targeted literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 100089
Author(s):  
Jean-François Dufour ◽  
Roger Scherer ◽  
Maria-Magdalena Balp ◽  
Sarah Jane McKenna ◽  
Nico Janssens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Overweight and Obesity: Risk Factors in Calcium Oxalate Stone Disease?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Maria Wrobel ◽  
Gernot Schubert ◽  
Markus Hörmann ◽  
Walter Ludwig Strohmaier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stone ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Obesity Risk Factors

Introduction. Several studies showed an association of overweight and obesity with calcium oxalate stone disease (CaOx). However, there are no sufficient data on the influence of body weight on the course of the disease and the recurrence rate.Patients and Methods.N=100consecutive stone formers with pure CaOx were studied. Different parameters were investigated. According to the BMI, patients were divided into three groups: (1)BMI≤25; (2) BMI 25.1–30; (3)BMI>30.Results.N=32patients showed aBMI≤25,n=42patients showed a BMI of 25.1–30 andn=26patients showed aBMI≥30. The groups differed significantly concerning BMI (by definition), urine pH, and urine citrate. The recurrence rate was not significantly different.Discussion. Our study demonstrated that body weight negatively influences single risk factors in CaOx, but obesity is not a predictor for the risk of recurrence in CaOx.

scholarly journals Sulfamethoxazole-induced sulfamethoxazole urolithiasis: a case report

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Roedel ◽  
Stephen Y. Nakada ◽  
Kristina L. Penniston
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Laser Lithotripsy ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Prevention Methods

Abstract Background Drug-induced urolithiasis falls into two categories: drug-induced and metabolically-induced. Certain antimicrobials are associated with each; sulfonamides are associated with drug- or metabolite-containing calculi when taken in large doses over a long period of time. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, a member of the sulfonamide family, is a rare cause of drug-induced calculi. Cases of sulfonamide urolithiasis occurring in patients with known stone disease have rarely been reported. Case presentation We report a case of a patient with a brief history of recurrent calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis requiring 2 ureteroscopic procedures whose existing 6 mm lower pole renal stone more than quadrupled in size to form a 4 cm renal staghorn after 4 months of high-dose treatment for Nocardia pneumonia with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. After ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy and basketing of fragments, the stone was found to be predominantly composed of N4-acetyl-sulfamethoxazole, a metabolite of sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion Stones composed of sulfamethoxazole or its metabolites are rare but have known associated risk factors that should be considered when prescribing this antibiotic. This case report illustrates additional risk factors for consideration, including pre-existing urinary calculi that may serve as a nidus for sulfamethoxazole deposition, and reviews treatment and prevention methods.

Epidemiological study of urinary tract stones in a Northern Italian city

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
I. Pieri ◽  
R. Minari ◽  
D. Potenzoni ◽  
C. Cantoni ◽  
P. Sacchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Urinary Tract Stones ◽  
Italian City

An epidemiological study about stone disease was carried out by mailing a postal questionnaire to 6000 persons; it concerned a sample of the population of the USL n. 5 (Fidenza - PR). This population sample was divided into two groups: those who live on the hills and those who live on the plain. No differences of any kind were found between the two groups. It came out that the incidence of stone disease in the general population is 8%. There was a relationship between stone disease and hypertension and other renal diseases. Stone-formers showed no alimentary difference from non-stone formers. Stone-formers drank more still mineral water than non-stone formers, but only 37% of them drank at least 2 litres a day.

scholarly journals Healthcare-associated infections in home healthcare: an extensive assessment, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Hoxha ◽  
Els Duysburgh ◽  
Laure Mortgat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Depth Interviews

Introduction The number of patients and clinical conditions treated in home healthcare (HHC) is increasing. Care in home settings presents many challenges, including healthcare-associated infections (HAI). Currently, in Belgium, data and guidelines on the topic are lacking. Aim To develop a definition of HAI in HHC and investigate associated risk factors and recommendations for infection prevention and control (IPC). Methods The study included three components: a scoping literature review, in-depth interviews with individuals involved in HHC and a two-round Delphi survey to reach consensus among key informants on the previous steps’ results. Results The literature review included 47 publications. We conducted 21 in-depth interviews. The Delphi survey’s two rounds had 21 and 23 participants, respectively. No standard definition was broadly accepted or known. Evidence on associated risk factors was impacted by methodological limitations and recommendations were inconsistent. Agreement was reached on defining HAI in HHC as any infection specifically linked with providing care that develops in a patient receiving HHC from a professional healthcare worker and occurs ≥ 48 hours after starting HHC. Risk factors were hand hygiene, untrained patients and caregivers, patients’ hygiene and presence and management of invasive devices. Agreed recommendations were to adapt and standardise existing IPC guidelines to HHC and to perform a national point prevalence study to measure the burden of HAI in HHC. Conclusions This study offers an overview of available evidence and field knowledge of HAI in HHC. It provides a framework for a prevalence study, future monitoring policies and guidelines on IPC in Belgium.

Critical Review on Suicide Among Nurses

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Alderson ◽  
Xavier Parent-Rocheleau ◽  
Brian Mishara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Background: Research shows that there is a high prevalence of suicide among nurses. Despite this, it has been 15 years since the last literature review on the subject was published. Aim: The aim of this article is to review the knowledge currently available on the risk of suicide among nurses and on contributory risk factors. Method: A search was conducted in electronic databases using keywords related to prevalence and risk factors of suicide among nurses. The abstracts were analyzed by reviewers according to selection criteria. Selected articles were submitted to a full-text review and their key elements were summarized. Results: Only nine articles were eligible for inclusion in this review. The results of this literature review highlight both the troubling high prevalence of suicide among nurses as well as the persistent lack of studies that examine this issue. Conclusion: Considering that the effects of several factors related to nurses' work and work settings are associated with high stress, distress, or psychiatric problems, we highlight the relevance of investigating work-related factors associated with nurses' risk of suicide. Several avenues for future studies are discussed as well as possible research methods.

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