Acute Paranoid Reaction (Bouffée Délirante) in Canada

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Allodi
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Third World ◽  
Psychiatric Training ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Reaction Type ◽  
Canadian Data ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
The World

The syndrome of acute paranoid reaction is studied within the Canadian context. The main purpose of the study is to clarify its nosology and diagnostic criteria so that its diagnosis becomes more reliable and true epidemiological rates may be established. The historical development of the concept is briefly outlined in a review of the world literature, with particular attention being paid to its defining characteristics. The differential diagnosis with schizophrenia and paranoid states is of great importance given the different prognosis and treatment. Evidence from the literature is presented to show the role of sociocultural factors in the causation and diagnosis of this syndrome. Canadian data of first admissions to mental hospitals with diagnoses of reactive psychosis, including acute paranoid reaction type, for the years 1969–1973, in selected provinces, are presented. Rates of reactive psychoses as proportions of all admissions and all admission psychoses are compared with rates available for other European and Third World countries. Canadian national rates are lower and it is argued that the lower incidence is partly attributable to misdiagnosis which in turn is due to psychiatric training and to the neglect of the role attributed to sociocultural factors in the genesis of this condition.

In Search of the Sharīʿah

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omar Farooq ◽  
Nedal El-Ghattis
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
The World

Abstract The centrality of Sharīʿah as a term and concept, together with its ubiquitous usage, reflects present Muslim understanding of their religion. Existing research indicates this Sharīʿah-based conception represents a later historical development. However, earlier studies have not documented contemporary understanding and use of the term in the primary sources of Islam. This has important implications regarding the imparting of sacredness according to its traditional conceptualization. Based on comprehensive research and close examination of the Hadith literature in particular, this represents the first work to examine whether and to what extent the term Sharīʿah was used by the Prophet and his companions. The present investigation makes the case for fundamentally re-evaluating the role of the Sharīʿah in understanding Islam, and argues that this is necessary in order for a positive impact on contemporary Muslim societies and their relationship with the rest of the world to occur.

scholarly journals Sartans and Melanoma: Valsartan Induced Multiple Primary Cutaneous Melanomas: first Description in the Medical Literature!

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Georgi Tchernev ◽  
Gavrail Poterov ◽  
Valeri Malev
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Pure Substance ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
The World ◽  
Multiple Primary

The data in the medical literature about the possible development of cutaneous melanoma and dysplastic nevi after therapy with sartans in the world literature are already dozens. The role of the renin angiotensin system in various cancers such as melanoma but breast cancer also seems to be discussed in the past, in the present, but seems to be still the subject of many future discussions, which do not have a definitive solution. We describe the first case of multiple cutaneous melanomas in the world literature, which developed simultaneously after the introduction of systemic antihypertensive therapy with Valsartan. Given the already established role of the renin angiotensin system in melanogenesis, as well as the possibility of promoting carcinogenesis through the practical influence of the “pure substance” of sartans, their widespread use in the treatment of hypertension should be seriously debated. Keywords: Melanoma, Melanogenesis; Antihypertensive Therapy; Valsartan, Sartans; Surgery; Multiple Primary Melanomas

scholarly journals Role of Artificial Intelligence in Eradicating: How Artificial Intelligence can help to Control Crime and Terror in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol III (I) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Mamoon Rashid ◽  
Noor Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Third World ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Policy ◽  
World Country ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Third World Country ◽  
The World

Artificial Intelligence is gradually becoming stronger in the world. It is the new buzz word. Tons of individual are working on it or about it. Although, less known by some, it is not a very new invention. However, it is coming into practice in every field of life. Due to its eccentric nature, the AI is taking the whole world by storm. The world has started to witness in the news and public dialogues that big countries taking major steps. Many countries are adopting this technology as a matter of their national security in order to control crime and terror. Pakistan is a third world country and lags behind in many things in comparison to the world. However, the country is blessed with tech experts and has a large amount of population using technology, literary or not, that's debatable. Pakistan is a country with one of the largest young population of the world. By more youth means more possible tech users but sadly, Pakistan stands among the lowest in tech innovations in the world. Data is crucial for AI and Pakistan has been lucky enough to collect ample amount of data of its citizens. The issue is utilization of that data. Pakistan has technological infrastructure but that infrastructure requires upgradation time to time and needs to be expanded on a national level. AI software could be used on the same infrastructure but requires tech trained man power. Pakistan requires a national policy for AI which includes security and all other domain where AI could be utilized.

scholarly journals RECEPTION AND CIRCULATION OF MACHADO'S DRAMATIC WORKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (27) ◽  
pp. 48-66
Author(s):  
BETHANY BEYER
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
The World

Abstract This article examines how Machado's consecration as a national literary hero, and more recently as a world literature figure, has included or excluded his dramatic works. In doing so, the piece considers the role of collections, critical evaluations, book reviews, and performances. The effort to trace the presence and reception of his plays in various publications and languages demonstrates that in Brazil, the dramatic works initially were preserved out of obligation, but now they are undergoing a limited re-evaluation. Outside of Brazil, appreciation for Machado is genre specific; his plays largely are excluded from the world literature scene. In essence, his prose overshadows his dramatic works, and his extant plays do not enter into his construction as a world literature author.

scholarly journals Education Policy for Globalization: the Malaysian Experiences

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Alis Puteh ◽  
Ahmad Zaidi Johari ◽  
Subhan Meerah
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Third World ◽  
Practical Advantage ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Traditional Societies ◽  
Critical Citizens ◽  
Central Tool

Phillipson (1998) argued that "globalization policies serve to ensure that the role of English is maintained and perpetuated. The key player in educational policy is the World Bank." Mazrui (1997) said "the World Bank's real position...encourages the consolidation of the imperial languages in Africa. Its strategies for stabilising and revitalising universities absolutely do not mention of the place of language at tertiary level of African education." According to Stiglitz (2002), "the IMF, the World Bank and the WTO were the three main institutions that govern globalization....they also have been at the centre of the major economic issues for the last two decades". According to Coulmas (1992), the spread of English is linked to modernisation in two ways. Firstly, English is seen as a central tool by which the process of modernisation (globalization) can be achieved particularly in developing societies. Secondly, monolingualism (English) is seen as a practical advantage for modern societies while multilingualism is viewed as a characteristic of traditional societies. The main issue in language policy in any country, especially those categorised as third world countries, is whether the policy is formed according to the agenda of the normal populace or the trans-national corporations. Spring, (1998) argued that "in this scenario elites need to be proficient in English in order to serve their own and global interest, and local languages must facilitate internal policing of an export – oriented economy and attempt to limit social unrest so that this economy can persist. Trans-national corporations are increasingly active in determining the content of education worldwide." Stiglitz (2002) also claimed that "globalization is powerfully driven by international corporations." This development illustrates how the needs and will of these trans-national corporations give rise to producing customer-like citizens more than critical citizens.

Sleep and dreams

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Solms
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Classical Concept ◽  
Management Implications ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
The World

Despite the minimal attention that physicians typically pay to dreams, the assessment of dreaming can be of diagnostic interest and have management implications. This chapter reviews the world literature on dream abnormalities of clinical neurological significance, starting with the classical concept of the Charcot–Wilbrand syndrome (anoneira). This and the other recognized disorders are broadly classified here under headings of “deficits” and “excesses” of dreaming. Also reviewed are major trends in the neuroimaging and neurophysiological literature regarding dreams and their relationship to REM sleep. Lastly, the chapter reviews the putative role of microarousals and controversies regarding dopamine and acetylcholine in the generation of dreams.

The Rigveda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Jamison ◽  
Joel Brereton
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Sanskrit Text ◽  
World Religion ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Band ◽  
Second Millennium Bce ◽  
And Function

The Ṛgveda is a monumental text in both world religion and world literature; yet it is comparatively little known outside a small band of specialists. The oldest Sanskrit text, composed in the latter half of the second millennium BCE, it stands as the foundational text of what will later be called Hinduism. The text consists of over a thousand hymns dedicated to various divinities, composed in sophisticated and often enigmatic poetry. Its range is large—encompassing profound meditations on cosmic enigmas, exuberant tributes to the wonders of the world, ardent praise of the gods and their works, moving and sometimes painful expressions of personal devotion, and penetrating reflections on the ability of mortals to approach and affect the divine and cosmic realms through sacrifice and praise. This guide introduces the text to a wider audience. It provides an overview of the text, its structure, and the process of its composition and collection; treats its purpose and how this purpose is reflected in the contents and structure of the text; gives a sense of the text by quoting verses and complete hymns; situates it in the religious practices of its time; and considers its use and reception in later periods, which saw profound changes in religious practices and beliefs. It will also introduce the literary qualities of the text and the poets’ belief in the role of their poetry in making sense of, and indeed creating, cosmic order and function by pressing the boundaries of language itself.

scholarly journals Ideologically-adapted Translations: Challenge for Adequacy, Need for Retranslation

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Aida Salamat Suleymanova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
The World

Translation has always been regarded as the main channel for disseminating works of art, literature and culture. Throughout the history, Azerbaijani writers and poets have contributed to the world literature, as well as benefitted from the best literary masterpieces of the world by means of translation. The art of translation is the credit to the interaction between nations, cultures, and literatures in particular. However, the path of historical development of the national translation studies and translation practice in Azerbaijan has not always been smooth. Azerbaijan has for 70 years been a part of the USSR, and consequently all fields of human life, as well as translation activity were under strict control of the central authority. Ideological censorship imposed on culture, art and literature, particularly, on the literary translation can still be sensed today. The aim of this paper is to study the ideological deviations, adaptations and modifications in fiction translation during the Soviet period in Azerbaijan and to show why retranslation of such works is necessary in our country.

scholarly journals Astronomy–the Caribbean view from the ground up

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (SPS5) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Shirin Haque
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Third World ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
What Works ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Volunteer Effort

AbstractThe historical development of astronomy in the Caribbean is reviewed within its cultural and environmental framework. The present status of astronomy in education, research and at the popular level is presented also with the focus being on its development in the island of Trinidad and Tobago in particular. We review what works in small developing islands versus larger developed or developing countries and the peculiar trials and tribulations of our circumstances as well as the rewards of such efforts. The critical role of students and volunteer effort will be highlighted. The psychological and cultural aspect and its role in the development of astronomy in the Caribbean is also explored. The outlook for the next decade will be highlighted with a brief proposal of having a node for TWAN (Third World Astronomy Network) in Trinidad in the Caribbean.

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