On neutro-H v -semigroups

In this paper, we extend the notion of Hv-semigroups to neutro-Hv-semigroups and anti-Hv-semigroups and investigate many of their properties. We show that these new concepts are different from the classical concept of Hv-semigroups by presenting several examples. In general, the neutro-algebras and anti-algebras are generalizations and alternatives of classical algebras. The goal and benefits of our proposed extension of this study is to explore not only the hyperoperations and axioms that are totally true as in previous algebraic hyperstructures, but also the cases when they have degrees of truth, indeterminacy and falsehood. Therefore, we enlarge the field of research.

Cyclic Behavior of Simple Models in Hypoplasticity and Plasticity with Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening

The paper gives insights into modeling and well-posedness analysis driven by cyclic behavior of particular rate-independent constitutive equations based on the framework of hypoplasticity and on the elastoplastic concept with nonlinear kinematic hardening. Compared to the classical concept of elastoplasticity, in hypoplasticity there is no need to decompose the deformation into elastic and plastic parts. The two different types of nonlinear approaches show some similarities in the structure of the constitutive relations, which are relevant for describing irreversible material properties. These models exhibit unlimited ratchetting under cyclic loading. In numerical simulation it will be demonstrated, how a shakedown behavior under cyclic loading can be achieved with a slightly enhanced simple hypoplastic equations proposed by Bauer

A REVIEW ON THE CLASSICAL CONCEPT OF TOURISM ATTRACTION

In most countries, tourism is seen as one of the important sectors that help in improving economic stability. There was a variety of tourism destinations that could be promoted. It is believed that each tourism destination has its attractions. Numerous studies on tourism attractions have been published since the 1970s. However, different authors have their perspectives on tourism attractions. Therefore, this article explores the relationship between the early study on tourism attraction with the current studies. This article's main objective is to explore the classical concept of tourism attraction and review the current trend in tourism study. Previous literature published in various sources of the database will be reviewed. The result shows that different concepts on tourism attractions have been outlined among the leading authors. The integration of classical studies on tourism attraction concept demonstrated that it covers four main components; Management, Human, Place, and Experience. The concepts published from the 1970s to the 1990s proved relevant to be used in recent studies. This study attempts to provide an overview of the significant influence of previous literature on the current studies.

Virtue, habit and neuroscience

Neuroscience has much to offer to our understanding of human action, including its ethical dimensions. However, while neuroscience has been applied to questions of personal identity, emotion and moral decision-making, its implications for the classical notion of virtue have hardly been considered. This likely has much to do with the way in which the classical notion of virtue, together with closely related concepts of nature and habit, has been forgotten or distorted within the context of modern thought. As a consequence, the standard neuroscientific concept of habit as automatic and routine behavior is fundamentally opposed to teleological activity and thus cannot be reconciled with the classical concept of habit that is essential to virtue. The recovery of the classical notion of virtue in contemporary philosophy invites us to rethink the neuroscientific concept of habit in light of a different view of human behavior for which plasticity is not just indeterminacy but rather openness to freedom and growth.

Rule Reductions of Decision Formal Context Based on Mixed Information

Three-way concept lattice extracts knowledge from positive and negative information separately. However, some applications require to mix positive and negative information for management and representation explicitly. In this paper, rule acquisition of FCA is extended based on mixed information. Firstly, two types of mixed concept lattices are studied. Then the relationships between mixed concept and classical concept, three-way concept are explored in depth. Secondly, mixed decision rules are investigated thoroughly. And the weak-basis is put forward to approximate to the basis of mixed decision rules. Finally, the comparison of mixed decision rules and three-way decision rules is perfectly discussed.

The twilight of determinism and categorical openness of determination in the context of expounding the issue of freedom

While the classical form of determinism seems to be in regress as the thesis of physical indeterminism has now been justified, the deterministic model of scientific description of phenomena has not been devalued in science methodologies. However, the present disciplinary forms of determinisms do not represent an unambiguous, uniform, universal, absolute and directly determining pattern, appropriately typical for the classical concept of determinism. In the context of deliberations on the issue of freedom, that fact prompts thinking on the scope of contemporary deterministic elucidations as well as queries whether contemporary compatibilist explanations are still valid with regard to incoherent determinisms. Examining the category of determination will help, among others, to assess the adequacy of Nicolai Hartmann’s philosophy against the background of the on-going dispute over freedom. The thesis of determinative pluralism, rooted in the ontology of the real being, points to the axiological context as indispensable for explaining the problem of freedom, as it is going beyond its often narrowed framework.

Role-Play . . . Take 1 . . . Action: An Experiential Activity for Marketing Students

Understanding the need to revamp the traditional pedagogies, the current research aims at using a contemporary teaching pedagogy for a classical concept of “consumer decision-making.” The article uses role-play activity as an experiential tool and provides empirical evidence to the current study. Role-play seems to offer a practical and engaging platform for faculties that can help stimulate learning. With the blend of real-time situations, role-play can serve as a useful tool to fulfill the marketing course’s many learning objectives. Instructors can further use the activity set up in the study on marketing courses in teaching consumer behavior.

CLASSICAL CONCEPT OF COOKING RICE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Ayurveda’s foremost aim is prevention of diseases and then cure of diseases. Rice is the staple food of most of the Indians where it’s faulty cooking methods is one of the main and unrecognised reasons for the development of various lifestyle diseases like obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, etc. The method of removing the gruel from the cooked rice is well explained by Ayurvedic Samhitas. This method makes the rice Laghu i.e. light to digest and removes excess starch from the rice in the form of gruel. This reduces the glycemic index of the rice making it suitable for regular consumption. Due to this, obesity, and other lifestyle disorders like T2DM can be prevented leading to a disease-free life. The purpose of this article is to guide with the correct method of cooking rice according to Ayurvedic literature. Keywords: Rice, Cooking, Glycemic index, Obesity, lifestyle, Ayurveda

PERIODISASI PERAWI HADIS: Studi Komparasi dan Korelasi Konsep Thabaqat al-Ruwat Masa Klasik dan Modern

<p><span>Periodisasi perawi mulai dikaji sejak abad ke 2 H. untuk keperluan penelitian sanad Hadits dan kritik perawi. Buku-buku indeks periodik paling awal telah terbit di awal abad ke 3 H. Penentuan periodik saat itu masih sangat asumtif dan subjektif dari setiap penulis, belum ada kajian metodologis yang menjadi patokan umum. Embrio teoritis paling awal baru muncul sejak abad ke 7 H oleh Ibn Shalah, yang kemudian menjadi teori utuh pada abad ke 9 H oleh Ibn Hajar. Dalam penelitian ini, originalitas teori Ibn Hajar dalam <em>Taqrib at-Tahdzib</em> ini menjadi konsep klasik dalam periodisasi perawi. Kajian setelah abad itu belum menunjukkan pengembangan yang signifikan, hingga abad ke 15 H saat ini. sehingga pengembangan teori dari konsep klasik oleh Abu Ibrahim berupa tabulasi periodik kemudian menjadi konsep modern. Melalui studi komparasi dan korelasi, peneliti menemukan titik perbedaan dan superioritas kedua konsep tersebut. Konsep klasik adalah hasil analisis data historis, biografi, data pribadi dan data pertemuan perawi yang dirumuskan berdasarkan 6 indikator ke dalam bentuk Buku Indeks Periodik. Sementara konsep modern adalah hasil kalkulasi matematis dari 6 indikator ke dalam bentuk Tabulasi Periodik. Keunggulan konsep klasik adalah kekuatan data historis yang valid, sehingga indeks periodik menjadi prioritas data dalam penetuan periode perawi tertentu. Sementara keunggulan konsep modern terletak pada pendekatan matematis, yang memungkinkan tabulasi menjadi perangkat penentuan periode perawi yang tidak ditemukan data periodiknya sama sekali. </span></p><p>[<strong><span>Periodization of Hadith Narrators: Comparative and Correlation Studies of the Classical and Modern <em>Thabaqat al-Ruwat</em> Concepts</span></strong><span>. The study of the Periodization of Rawi germinated in the 2nd century of Hijriyah, for research on Hadith sanad and Rawi criticism. The earliest periodic index books were published in the early 3rd century of Hijriyah. The earliest theoretical embryos appeared only in the 7th century of Hijriyah by Ibn Salah, which later became a complete theory in the 9th century of Hijriyah by Ibn Hajar. The originality of Ibn Hajar's theory in Taqrib at-Tahdzib became a classical concept in the periodization of Rawi. Studies after that century have not shown significant development, until the 15th century of Hijriyah. The development of the classical concept by Abu Ibrahim, in the form of periodic tabulations, is regarded as a modern concept. Through comparative and correlation studies, we have managed to find a point of difference and superiority between the two concepts. The classic concept is the result of analysis of historical data, biographies, Rawis’ data, and data of their encounters, which are formulated based on 6 indicators into the form of a Periodic Index Book. Meanwhile, the modern concept is the result of mathematical calculations from 6 indicators into the form of Periodic Tabulations. The advantage of the classical concept is the strength of valid historical data, so that the periodic index is the priority of the data in determining the Rawi certain periods. Meanwhile, the advantage of the modern concept is in the mathematical approach, which allows tabulation to be a tool for determining the period of Rawi whose periodic data can’t be found.</span>]</p>

STANDARDIZATION OF NASYA DOSE BY BINDU PRAMANA WITH KARPASASTYADI TAILA

Panchakarma therapy has a very important role in maintaining health of a person and eradication of diseases. The success with Panchakarma therapies can be achieved not only through correct assessment of the patient and the medicines used but also the dose of the medicine. Dose for this therapy is very specific and is explained in the classics on the basis of Bindu Pramana. Dose is a very important factor in any of the Panchakarma procedures to get optimum result of the therapy. Change in dose can change the result and further, it can lead to side effects or no effects. However, standardization of this dose had not been made yet. This paper deals with classical concept of Bindu Pramana, preparation, and standardization of Karpasastyadi Taila in Bindu Pramana Matra. The objective is to standardize the process of measurement of Bindu Pramana Matra of Karpasastyadi Taila. Healthy 60 individuals consisting of staffs and students of Alvas Ayurveda Medical College of either gender aged between 20 years to 60 years were selected and purposively assigned into study group. Results were observed and tabulation of data with a statistical commentary based on percentages of different observations was made. Study shows variation in quantity of Madhyama Bindu Pramana Matra and differs from patient to patient. Bindu Pramana varies from subject to subject. Analysis of the results showed that Bindu is not equivalent to drop. Keywords: Panchakarma; Nasya Karma; Karpasastyadi Taila; Bindu Pramana