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2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Kendra Coulter

This paper offers the first overview of the Canadian animal cruelty investigations landscape. First, the public and private sector organizations responsible for enforcement are explained, followed by examination of the implications of this patchwork for reporting suspected cruelty. Key statistical data are presented about the types of issues and cases and investigator responses. Initial recommendations are then proposed, and the value of the animal harm spectrum is discussed, including how it can be mobilized to strengthen the operations of animal protection work and animal welfare policy across nations.


2021 ◽  
pp. 100988
Author(s):  
Corey McAuliffe ◽  
Javiera Pumarino ◽  
Kimberly C. Thomson ◽  
Chris Richardson ◽  
Allie Slemon ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 030981682110615
Author(s):  
Alan Hall

Studies in several national jurisdictions have highlighted the limitations of joint health and safety committees and worker representatives in affecting change in working conditions. Using Canadian data, this article focuses on the argument that many health and safety committees and worker representatives have been captured or substantially controlled through the State’s promotion of an internal responsibility system framed around a technocratic partnership. The historical development of this framing is first understood within a political economic framework which highlights several major influences, followed by a field theory analysis which explains how these control relations are established by management within workplace settings.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. Sawchuk ◽  
Shahira Khair

Introduction: This paper presents concrete and actionable steps to guide researchers, data curators, and data managers in improving their understanding and practice of computational reproducibility. Objectives: Focusing on incremental progress rather than prescriptive rules, researchers and curators can build their knowledge and skills as the need arises. This paper presents a framework of incremental curation for reproducibility to support open science objectives. Methods: A computational reproducibility framework developed for the Canadian Data Curation Forum serves as the model for this approach. This framework combines learning about reproducibility with recommended steps to improving reproducibility. Conclusion: Computational reproducibility leads to more transparent and accurate research. The authors warn that fear of a crisis and focus on perfection should not prevent curation that may be ‘good enough.’


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Sinclair ◽  
Laura Collett ◽  
Jason Abbott ◽  
David W. Pate ◽  
Jerome Sarris ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The use of cannabis for symptoms of endometriosis was investigated utilising retrospective archival data from Strainprint Technologies Ltd., a Canadian data technology company with a mobile phone application that tracks a range of data including dose, mode of administration, chemovar and their effect on various self-reported outcomes, including pelvic pain. Methods A retrospective, electronic record-based cohort study of Strainprint™ users with self-reported endometriosis was conducted. Self-rated cannabis efficacy, defined as a function of initial and final symptom ratings, was investigated across the included symptom clusters of cramps, pelvic pain, gastrointestinal pain, nausea, depression, and low libido. Cannabis dosage form, dose and cannabinoid ratio information was also recorded. Results A total number of 252 participants identifying as suffering endometriosis recorded 16193 sessions using cannabis between April 2017 and February 2020. The most common method of ingestion was inhalation (n = 10914, 67.4%) with pain as the most common reported symptom being treated by cannabis (n = 9281, 57.3%). Gastrointestinal symptoms, though a less common reason for cannabis usage (15.2%), had the greatest self-reported improvement after use. Inhaled forms had higher efficacy for pain, while oral forms were superior for mood and gastrointestinal symptoms. Dosage varied across ingestion methods, with a median dose of 9 inhalations (IQR 5 to 11) for inhaled dosage forms and 1 mg/mL (IQR 0.5 to 2) for other ingested dosage forms. The ratio of THC to CBD had a statistically significant, yet clinically small, differential effect on efficacy, depending on method of ingestion. Conclusions Cannabis appears to be effective for pelvic pain, gastrointestinal issues and mood, with effectiveness differing based on method of ingestion. The greater propensity for use of an inhaled dosage delivery may be due to the rapid onset of pain-relieving effects versus the slower onset of oral products. Oral forms appeared to be superior compared to inhaled forms in the less commonly reported mood or gastrointestinal categories. Clinical trials investigating the tolerability and effectiveness of cannabis for endometriosis pain and associated symptoms are urgently required.


2021 ◽  
pp. 193672442110034
Author(s):  
Karen Robson

In this essay, I discuss the challenges faced by Canadian researchers in trying to undertake research, particularly in the area of education. I begin by focusing on the issue of data availability (with focus on the lack of race data in Canada) and the extreme limitations that these issues place on the potential for research on important Canadian education issues and then discuss what I regard as hypervigilant data access protocols for Canadian data sets. I then turn to practical issues that arise when comparing education data across cities and countries and the process of “harmonizing” the data. I address the compromises that must be made when attempting to make data comparable across different sites. I conclude by discussing how the larger context in which education occurs must be considered when understanding observed comparative differences between educational outcomes.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abby Goodrum ◽  
Elizabeth Godo

This study reports on the Canadian data from a recent international content analysis of broadcast news in 18 countries. With a mind to Robert A. Hackett’s longitudinal analysis of foreign news on CBC and CTV in 1989, the current study addresses questions of foreign news prominence, geographic distribution, topic coverage, and variation between networks, noting differences and similarities in the content of foreign news in light of shifting cultural, political, and economic environments; news production processes; and communication technologies. This analysis provides an update to Hackett’s seminal work, painting a picture of the Canadian foreign news landscape two decades later.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Creig Lamb

Emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and advanced robotics, have the potential to fundamentally change our work and daily lives. In recent years, the understanding of how these technological trends will impact employment has been at the forefront of many recent public debates. Each week there seem to be more and more articles being released about how “robots are taking our jobs.” For the most part, this rich discussion has been driven by the work of many prominent academics and researchers. Unsurprisingly, there are many competing viewpoints. Some argue that disruptive technology will be the driving force behind massive unemployment. Others posit that any potential job loss will likely be offset by productivity increases and employment growth. Despite the extensive literature, this discussion is largely taking place without the use of Canadian data. Although, we know that Canadians are not immune from the effects of automation, and that technological trends will likely have enormous implications for many Canadian industries. But the gap in Canadian-specific knowledge often means that we lack the tools to understand the impact of automation within our own borders. This limits our ability to begin to plan for potential disruption. We therefore felt that it would be useful to apply the findings from the existing literature to the Canadian workforce. To do so, we used methodologies both from both Oxford professors Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne and from management consulting firm McKinsey & Company, which have been employed in other jurisdictions, and applied them both to Canadian data for the first time. It is our goal to help Canadians better understand the effects that automation can have on our labour force. Overall we found that nearly 42 percent of the Canadian labour force is at a high risk of being affected by automation in the next decade or two. Individuals in these occupations earn less and are less educated than the rest of the Canadian labour force. While the literature suggests that these occupations may not necessarily be lost, we also discovered that major job restructuring will likely occur as a result of new technology. Using a different methodology, we found that nearly 42 percent of the tasks that Canadians are currently paid to do can be automated using existing technology. But the data does not paint an entirely negative picture. Using the Canadian Occupation Projection System (COPS), we found that the occupations with the lowest risk of being affected by automation are projected to produce nearly 712,000 net new jobs between 2014 and 2024. As with any type of forecasting exercise, there are always going to be uncertainties associated with the predictions. However, we do hope that this study provides a tool to help guide future decision-making.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abby Goodrum ◽  
Elizabeth Godo

This study reports on the Canadian data from a recent international content analysis of broadcast news in 18 countries. With a mind to Robert A. Hackett’s longitudinal analysis of foreign news on CBC and CTV in 1989, the current study addresses questions of foreign news prominence, geographic distribution, topic coverage, and variation between networks, noting differences and similarities in the content of foreign news in light of shifting cultural, political, and economic environments; news production processes; and communication technologies. This analysis provides an update to Hackett’s seminal work, painting a picture of the Canadian foreign news landscape two decades later.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Dilmaghani

PurposeOver the years, many upstream health policies have sought to reduce smoking across populations. While smoking has been substantially reduced, the effects of these policies on education-smoking gradient remain unclear. The present paper compares the education-smoking gradient among the Generation X and the millennials, who grew up with different types of upstream policies.Design/methodology/approachThe study relies on regression analysis. The data are from the Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey of 2017, with the sample restricted to those born between 1965 and 1995.FindingsAt the zero-order, the education-smoking gradient has not significantly flattened from Generation X to millennials. And, accounting for the channels of impact of education on smoking does not substantially change this pattern.Social implicationsThe implications for health inequalities associated with socioeconomic status, and tobacco consumption reduction policies, are discussed.Originality/valueThis paper is the first study of the kind using Canadian data.


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