Improved mechanical performance of three-dimensional woven glass/epoxy spacer composites with carbon nanotubes

2021 ◽  
pp. 073168442199089
Author(s):  
Ferhat Yildirim ◽  
Mustafa Aydin ◽  
Ahmet Avci
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
The Impact

Three-dimensional polymer composites offer various features and design options due to their hollow structure and lightweight. However, to exploit their advantages, it is a must to improve their structural features and mechanical performances including out-plane direction. Although introducing thermoplastic fillers between the plies or multilayered design addresses on this critical issue, the benefits offered by the nanoparticles with superior mechanical properties come a step forward as an another engineering solution. Based on this motivation, the goal of this study is to investigate the impact of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the mechanical and thermomechanical performances of three-dimensional woven glass/epoxy spacer composites. Therefore, multiwalled carbon nanotubes at various content were introduced into epoxy matrix, and the multiwalled carbon nanotubes–epoxy mixture was infused to three-dimensional woven fabric with the vacuum-assisted resin transfer method. The obtained results indicated that the three-point bending strength and modulus were enhanced up to 25 and 80% for warp direction and enhanced up to 44 and 85% for weft direction with carbon nanotube addition, respectively. Tensile strength developed in the warp direction by 7%, while the strength value in the weft direction did not change. The tensile strain values for warp and weft directions enhanced up to 19 and 12% with carbon nanotube addition, respectively. In addition, thermomechanical analysis has revealed that the glass transition temperature and storage modulus were also improved. Particle dispersion detection with color measurement and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed the effectiveness of the ultrasonic mixing on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in the epoxy matrix. The consequences of carbon nanotube addition on microscale morphology were discussed based on the fracture morphologies to nanoscale and microscale toughening mechanisms in the existence of carbon nanotube reinforcement.

COMBINED TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE EFFECT ON THE STRENGTH OF CARBON NANOTUBE REINFORCED EPOXY MATERIALS

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Jen ◽  
Chien-Yang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Moisture Effect ◽  
Hygrothermal Effect ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

This study experimentally analyzed the hygrothermal effect on the static and fatigue strengths of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/epoxy composites. The results show that the static and fatigue strengths decreased slightly at 25°C/85% RH environments compared with those tested under the 25°C/60% RH condition. However, the strengths decreased substantially under the 40°C/85% RH condition, indicating that the combined temperature and humidity environments weaken the interfacial adhesion between the CNT surfaces and the epoxy matrix.

Neuron-like polyelectrolyte–carbon nanotube composites for ultra-high loading of metal nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 4799-4806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shahinul Islam ◽  
Won San Choi ◽  
Tae Sung Bae ◽  
Young Boo Lee ◽  
Ha-Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Nanotube Composites ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Composites

We report a simple protocol for the fabrication of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with a neuron-like structure for loading ultra-high densities of metal nanoparticles (NPs).

scholarly journals Autonomous self-healing multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites with piezoresistive effect

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (33) ◽  
pp. 20422-20429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongfei Wu ◽  
Biqiong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Piezoresistive Effect

Viscoelastic rubber reinforced by multiwalled carbon nanotubes exhibited rapid, autonomous, mechanically and electrically self-healing properties and piezoresistive behavior.

In-plane shear of nanoprepreg/nanostitched three-dimensional carbon/epoxy multiwalled carbon nanotubes composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (24) ◽  
pp. 3413-3431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Bilisik ◽  
Nesrin Karaduman ◽  
Gulhan Erdogan ◽  
Erdal Sapanci ◽  
Sila Gungor
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Plane Shear ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Delamination Area ◽  
Base Structure

The in-plane shear properties of nanostitched three-dimensional (3D) carbon/epoxy composites were investigated. Adding the stitching fiber or multiwalled carbon nanotubes or nanostitched fiber into carbon fabric preform slightly improved the shear strength and modulus of stitched and stitched nanocomposites. The in-plane shear fracture of the base and nanostructures was extensive delamination and tensile fiber failures in the sheared region. But, the stitched and stitched nanocomposites had angular deformation of the stitching yarns in the fiber scissoring areas, shear hackles in the matrix and successive fiber breakages in the interlayers. Probably, this mechanism prohibited extensive interlayer opening in the nanostitched composites. The results exhibited that introducing the stitching fiber (1.44%) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (0.03125%) in the base structure enhanced its transverse fracture properties as a form of confined delamination area. Therefore, the damaged tolerance properties of the stitched nanocomposites were enhanced.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis of composite scarf adhesive joints modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes under bending and thermomechanical impact loads

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
UA Khashaba ◽  
Ramzi Othman ◽  
IMR Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Impact Tests ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
The Impact

Scarf adhesive joints have attracted an increasing attention in joining/repairing of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite structures due to their zero eccentricity, which provides lower stress distribution across the adhesive layer and better aerodynamic surfaces compared to other bonded joints. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the scarf adhesive joints in carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites under thermomechanical impact loads, which is very important for the aerospace and automotive industries. The adhesive was modified with optimum percentage of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The impact tests were performed at 25 ℃, 50 ℃, and 75 ℃. The residual flexural properties of the unfailed impacted joints were measured using three-point bending test. Results from impact tests at 25 ℃, 50 ℃, and 75 ℃ showed improvement in the impact bending stiffness of the modified scarf adhesive joints by 8.3%, 7.4%, and 11.8% and maximum contact force by 15.6%, 21.3%, and 18.9%, respectively. The energy at failure of the modified scarf adhesive joints with multiwalled carbon nanotubes was improved by 15.2% and 16.4% respectively at 25 ℃ and 50 ℃. At test temperature of 75 ℃, the scarf adhesive joints have hysteresis load–displacement behavior and energy–time curve with rebound energy of 35% and absorbed (damage) energy of 65%. The residual flexural strength of the modified and unmodified scarf adhesive joints is 98.2% and 86.1% respectively, while their residual moduli have remarkable decrease to 71.7% and 81.3%.

scholarly journals Fabrication of cm scale buckypapers of horizontally aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes highly filled with Fe3C: the key roles of Cl and Ar-flow rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 4195-4198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo S. Boi ◽  
Jian Guo ◽  
Shanling Wang ◽  
Yi He ◽  
Gang Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Flow Rates

A key challenge in the fabrication of ferromagnetically filled carbon-nanotube buckypapers in the presence of Cl-radicals is the achievement of a preferential horizontal nanotube-alignment.

Reactor Scale Model of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Growth in a Tube Flow Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Lombardo ◽  
Wilson K. S. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Tube Flow ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Growth ◽  
Nanotube Growth

Even though a large number of applications for multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been proposed, there is relatively limited knowledge about the optimal conditions in which to create multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). Computational models have been shown to be a promising tool to determine the best carbon nanotube growth conditions. In this paper the growth of MWNTs in a tube flow CVD reactor was studied through the use of the commercial software package COMSOL, where details steps have been described to reformulate an existing single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) growth model to accommodate MWNTs followed by validation and growth rate prediction. Higher growth rates were predicted for MWNTs than SWNTs which is a result of the increase in pathways for carbon to form carbon nanotubes based on the additional walls. Results indicate that selecting the correct number of walls can be important to the results of the model.

scholarly journals Thermal Conductivity of Carbon Nanoreinforced Epoxy Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kostagiannakopoulou ◽  
E. Fiamegkou ◽  
G. Sotiriadis ◽  
V. Kostopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Graphite Nanoplatelets ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Micromechanical Models ◽  
Carbon Fiber Epoxy

The present study attempts to investigate the influence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) on thermal conductivity (TC) of nanoreinforced polymers and nanomodified carbon fiber epoxy composites (CFRPs). Loading levels from 1 to 3% wt. of MWCNTs and from 1 to 15% wt. of GNPs were used. The results indicate that TC of nanofilled epoxy composites increased with the increase of GNP content. Quantitatively, 176% and 48% increase of TC were achieved in nanoreinforced polymers and nanomodified CFRPs, respectively, with the addition of 15% wt. GNPs into the epoxy matrix. Finally, micromechanical models were applied in order to predict analytically the TC of polymers and CFRPs. Lewis-Nielsen model with optimized parameters provides results very close to the experimental ones in the case of polymers. As far as the composites are concerned, the Hashin and Clayton models proved to be sufficiently accurate for the prediction at lower filler contents.

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