Poor Sleep and Risk of Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1059-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaena Min ◽  
Patricia W. Slattum
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Concerns about sleep problems and falls in older adults are significant. This article reviews the association between sleep problems and falls in community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older. Multiple databases were searched from inception until 2015 using sleep, sleep disorders, and falls as keywords, limiting to studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals. After screening and assessing for eligibility, 18 articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings of an association between sleep problems and risk of falls are conflicting, but some specific sleep problems such as extremely short sleep duration, daytime sleepiness and naps appear to be significantly related to falls in older adults. Methodological limitations including variability in covariates included in the analyses and measurement of the exposure and outcome variables were identified. The results of this review identified the need to have comparable definitions, validated tools, and rigorous design of future studies.

scholarly journals The Association between Sleep Problems, Sleep Medication Use, and Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Results from the Health and Retirement Study 2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaena Min ◽  
Pramit A. Nadpara ◽  
Patricia W. Slattum
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health And Retirement Study ◽  
Sleep Medication ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Retirement Study

Background. Very few studies have assessed the impact of poor sleep and sleep medication use on the risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between sleep problems, sleep medication use, and falls in community-dwelling older adults.Methods. The study population comprised a nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized older adults participating in the 2010 Health and Retirement Study. Proportion of adults reporting sleep problems, sleep medication use, and fall was calculated. Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to examine the impact of sleep problems and sleep medication use on the risk of falls after controlling for covariates.Results. Among 9,843 community-dwelling older adults, 35.8% had reported a fall and 40.8% had reported sleep problems in the past two years. Sleep medication use was reported by 20.9% of the participants. Older adults who do have sleep problems and take sleep medications had a significant high risk of falls, compared to older adults who do not have sleep problems and do not take sleep medications. The other two groups also had significantly greater risk for falls.Conclusion. Sleep problems added to sleep medication use increase the risk of falls. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these observed findings.

Long and Short Sleep Duration and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1066-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
H. Makizako ◽  
T. Doi ◽  
K. Tsutsumimoto ◽  
R. Hotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Reliability of HOME FAST BRAZIL—Self-Reported Version for Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Stella Aoki Ferreira ◽  
Tamires Terezinha Gallo da Silva ◽  
Jarbas Melo Filho ◽  
Natacha Verônica Bazanella ◽  
Audrin Said Vojciechowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objective: Verify the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the HOME FAST BRAZIL—Self-reported version and correlate household environmental risks with the history of falls by community-dwelling older adults.Method: Cross sectional study with 50 community-dwelling older adults who were screened by the cut-off point of the Mini Mental State Exam and replied to the HOME FAST BRAZIL—Self-reported version using two evaluators, on three occasions. The reliability analysis was determined by the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), considering ICC > 0.70 as adequate. To test the correlations, the Spearman test was used.Results: The mean age of the participants was 73.2 ± 5.8 years. The inter- rater reliability of HOME FAST BRAZIL—Self-reported version was ICC 0.83 (IC95%, 0.70–0.90) and the Intra- reliability ICC 0.85 (IC95%, 0.74–0.91). A risk of falls was verified in 88% of the sample and four environmental risks presented significant correlations with the history of falls.Conclusions: The HOME FAST BRAZIL—Self-reported version presented adequate reliability for the evaluation of household environmental risks for community-dwelling older adults. Risks such as inadequate armchairs/ sofas, the absence of anti-slip mats in the shower recess, the presence of pets and inadequate beds require attention in the evaluation of household risks, due to their correlation with the occurrence of falls.

scholarly journals Sleep and Olfaction among Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Eloesa McSorley ◽  
Jayant Pinto ◽  
L. Philip Schumm ◽  
Kristen Wroblewski ◽  
David Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Odor Sensitivity

Background: Sleep and olfaction are both critical physiological processes that tend to worsen with age. Decline in olfaction can be an early indicator of neurodegenerative diseases, whereas poor sleep quality is associated with reduced physical and mental health. Given associations with aging-related health declines, we explored whether variations in sleep were associated with olfactory function among older adults. Methods: We assessed the relationship between sleep characteristics and olfaction among 354 community-dwelling older adults. Olfaction was measured using a validated field and survey research tool. Sleep characteristics were measured using wrist actigraphy and with self-report of sleep problems. We fit structural equation models of latent constructs of olfaction based on olfactory task items and let this be a function of each sleep characteristic. Results: Actigraph sleep quality measures were associated with odor identification, but not with odor sensitivity. Longer duration sleepers had worse odor sensitivity compared to medium (58 h) sleepers, but sleep duration was not associated with odor identification. Reported sleep problems and reported usual duration were not associated with olfaction. Conclusions: Diminished sleep quality was associated with reduced capacity to identify odors. Determining whether this is a causal association will require further study and longitudinal data.

scholarly journals Fall Awareness Behaviour And Its Associated Factors Among Community Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOH JING WEN ◽  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
NORMALA MESBAH ◽  
ANIS AFIFA MOHD HANAFI ◽  
ADLYN FARHANA AZWAN
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Falls are one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in older adults. However, despite adoption of prevention strategies, the number of falls in older adults has not declined. The aim of this study was to examine fall awareness behaviour and its associated factors. A total of 140 community dwelling older adults (mean age of 70.69±4.3 years) participated in this study. Physical performance was assessed using timed up and go(TUG), gait speed(GS), chair stand and hand grip tests. Fall Awareness Behaviour (FaB) and Fall Risk Assessment Questionnaires (FRAQ) were administered to assess behaviours and fall prevention knowledge respectively. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the practice of fall awareness behaviours (R2=.256) was significantly associated with being male [95% C.I: 2.178 to 7.789, p<.001], having lower BMI [95% C.I: -0.692 to -0.135, p<.05], living with family [95% C.I: 0.022 to 5.953, p<.05] and those having higher functional mobility [95% C.I: -2.008 to -0.164, p<.05]. Fall awareness behaviours should be emphasized among older females, those with lower functional mobility, higher BMI and living alone.

scholarly journals Potential Implications of Mail Delivery Conversion on Older Adults’ Risk of Falls in The Winter

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Sibalija ◽  
Mallory L. Ciminsky ◽  
Katharine Fuchigami ◽  
Marie-Helene L.S. He ◽  
Yuyuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Fall Rates ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

In December 2013, Canada Post announced they would be converting approximately five million households from door-to-door mail delivery to community mailboxes (CMB). The decision was made to address decreasing letter mail volume and operating losses experienced by the crown corporation. The CMBs will be phased in over the five years mainly in urban areas across the country. The decision to convert to CMBs makes Canada the only among the G8 countries to end home delivery of mail. As a result, no research exists on the implications of the change. Particular concern has been raised over how the conversion will affect older adults. One area that needs examination is the consequences of the CMBs delivery model on fall rates among older adults in the winter. Falls are common among seniors, with 20-30% community dwelling older adults falling each year. The risk of falling is increased in the winter when there is snow and ice on the ground. Injuries dues to falls consume a great deal of healthcare resources. The purpose of this scoping literature review was to determine: What are the implications for the elderly population of Canada Post’s decision to convert home delivery of mail to community mailbox delivery? Specifically, the review focused on how the conversion may impact fall rates among older adults in the winter.

scholarly journals HEALTH STATUS AND LIFESTYLE HABITS OF VULNERABLE, COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER PEOPLE DURING THE COVID-19 LOCKDOWN

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
M. Machón ◽  
I. Vergara ◽  
K. Vrotsou1 ◽  
M. Mateo-Abad
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Vulnerable Community ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Community Dwelling Older People ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study evaluated the health status and lifestyle habits of vulnerable, community-dwelling older adults during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Spain. A telephone assessment was carried out in 38 individuals (71% women), with a Barthel index ≥85 who were frail or had a high risk of falls. Data were compared with those from an assessment performed 9 months earlier. In the latter part of the lockdown, a high percentage of the studied individuals showed difficulties in walking up 10 steps and reported sleep problems (66%) and pain (74%). On the other hand, participants were not anxious/depressed (71%) and the majority did not report loneliness (60%). Compared to the earlier assessment, we identified a decline in functional capacity and worsening of nutritional status, but an increase in family support. Efforts should be made to implement intervention programs seeking to avoid accelerated decline under the current pandemic situation, and especially during possible new lockdowns.

scholarly journals Is orthostatic hypotension and co-existing supine and seated hypertension associated with future falls in community-dwelling older adults? Results from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252212
Author(s):  
Orna A. Donoghue ◽  
Matthew D. L. O’Connell ◽  
Robert Bourke ◽  
Rose Anne Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Supine Hypertension ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) often co-exists with hypertension. As increasing age affects baroreflex sensitivity, it loses its ability to reduce blood pressure when lying down. Therefore, supine hypertension may be an important indicator of baroreflex function. This study examines (i) the association between OH and future falls in community-dwelling older adults and (ii) if these associations persist in those with co-existing OH and baseline hypertension, measured supine and seated. Data from 1500 community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) were used. Continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure was measured using digital photoplethysmography during an active stand procedure with OH defined as a drop in systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥20 mmHg and/or ≥10 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) within 3 minutes of standing. OH at 40 seconds (OH40) was used as a marker of impaired early stabilisation and OH sustained over the second minute (sustained OH) was used to indicate a more persistent deficit, similar to traditional OH definitions. Seated and supine hypertension were defined as SBP ≥140 mm Hg or DBP ≥90 mm Hg. Modified Poisson models were used to estimate relative risk of falls (recurrent, injurious, unexplained) and syncope occurring over four year follow-up. OH40 was independently associated with recurrent (RR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.02,1.65), injurious (RR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.13,1.79) and unexplained falls (RR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.13,2.13). Sustained OH was associated with injurious (RR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.18,2.05) and unexplained falls (RR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.06,2.50). OH and co-existing hypertension was associated with all falls outcomes but effect sizes were consistently larger with seated versus supine hypertension. OH, particularly when co-existing with hypertension, was independently associated with increased risk of future falls. Stronger effect sizes were observed with seated versus supine hypertension. This supports previous findings and highlights the importance of assessing orthostatic blood pressure behaviour in older adults at risk of falls and with hypertension. Observed associations may reflect underlying comorbidities, reduced cerebral perfusion or presence of white matter hyperintensities.

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