Experimental study of burning behaviors of intumescent coatings and nanoparticles applied on flaxboard

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Zhang ◽  
Michael Delichatsios ◽  
Maurice McKee ◽  
Sebastian Ukleja ◽  
Claudio Pagella
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Intumescent Coatings ◽  
Time To Ignition ◽  
The One ◽  
Reduced Scale

This article presents an experimental investigation of ignition and burning behaviors of intumescent coatings and nanoparticles applied on flaxboard using the cone calorimeter, single burning item (SBI) and reduced scale (one-third) ISO room. The effects of intumescent coatings and nanoparticles on time to ignition (TTI), mass loss rate (MLR), heat release rate (HRR), production of toxic gases (carbon monoxide and smoke) were investigated. The performance of intumescent coatings in under-ventilated condition was examined by performing tests in the one-third ISO room with reduced opening sizes. Results in the cone calorimeter and SBI indicated that (1) there is a substantial increase of TTI and decrease of MLR/HRR by intumescent coatings and (2) the addition of nanoparticles results in a further increase of TTI as well as a decrease of MLR/HRR owing to increased stability of the char. Tests in the one-third ISO room showed that although the intumescent coatings reduce the HRR the reduction is much less substantial than that in the cone calorimeter or SBI.

The Non-Combustibility of PTFE Fabric

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Qu ◽  
Xiao Qing Guo ◽  
De Ling Chi ◽  
Ya Ning Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Total Heat ◽  
Total Heat Release ◽  
Time To Ignition ◽  
Loss Parameter ◽  
Effective Heat Of Combustion

The non-combustibility of PTFE fabric0s was investigated by Cone Calorimeter in this paper. Ignition parameter, heat release parameter, mass loss parameter and smoke parameter of PTFE fabrics were obtained. The Time to Ignition of PTFE fabric and PTFE/Nomex fabric were 60 and 24s respectively, and the Heat Release Rate were 9.28 and 65.52kw/m2 respectively. The Total Heat Release of PTFE fabric and PTFE/Nomex fabric increased with time, and the Total Heat Release of PTFE/Nomex was much higher than that of PTFE fabric. The Effective Heat of Combustion were 5.06 and 9.94mj/kg respectively, the maximum of mass loss rate of PTFE fabric was larger than that of PTFE/Nomex fabric, and the curve of mass loss rate of PTFE fabric changed rather slightly. It can be concluded that the non-flame properties of PTFE fabric was more remarkable than that of PTFE/Nomex fabric.

Thermal Degradation of Painted Wood. an Experimental Study

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vovelle ◽  
R. Akrich ◽  
H. Mellottee
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Piloted Ignition

A comparative study of thermal degradation of painted and unpainted parti cle board specimens has been carried out. Experiments based mainly on the measurements of piloted ignition delay, mass loss rate and temperature profile have been performed using a radiative heat flux equal to 2.4 W/cm2. Thermo gravimetric analysis has complemented these measurements. It has been shown that thermal degradation of paints produces a solid residue which strongly affects exchange phenomena at the wood surface and consequently the thermal behavior of wood.

Experimental Study on the Factors Concerning the Ignition Time and Mass Loss Rate of Timber

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Yan Zhang ◽  
Li-Zhong Yang ◽  
Zai-Fu Guo ◽  
Zhi-Hua Deng
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Ignition Time

scholarly journals R127: an S Dor Type Variable Intermediate Between Of and WN

1984 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 237-237
Author(s):  
O. Stahl ◽  
B. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
High Mass Loss ◽  
Type Variable ◽  
Balmer Lines ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

On 1982 Jan. 9 a brightening of 0.75 mag of the OIafpe star R127 (=HDE 269858) was detected. Subsequently extensive photometric (optical and infrared) and high resolution spectroscopic (ground-based and IUE) observations covering a period of more than one year have been carried out. These observations have shown R127 to be a new S Dor variable which is hotter than any previously detected and studied variable of this class. For its maximum phase we derived the following basic parameters: Mbol = −10.6, Teff = 16000 K, R* = 150 R⊙. The stellar wind is characterized by a small mean velocity (v = 110 km s−1), a high mass loss rate (M = 6 · 10−5 M⊙yr−1), and a decelerated velocity field. The optical spectra show strong Balmer lines with P Cygni profiles. The He I lines changed within the one year period from strong P Cygni type lines to complex line profiles with extremely wide (FWZI = 3000 km s−1) shallow emission line wings. The IUE spectra are dominated by crowded absorption lines of singly ionized metals. A very complex shell phenomenon is indicated by the multiple substructure of these ultraviolet lines. We suggest that R127 is a massive (M > 60 M⊙) Of star evolving via a short-lived S Doradus phase to a late WN star.

Experimental Study on the Material and Environmental Property of Ancient Adobe Brick

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 1485-1490
Author(s):  
Jian Li Yuan ◽  
Yun Yang ◽  
Sheng Nan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Power Function ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Rammed Earth ◽  
Environmental Property ◽  
Rammed Earth Wall

Aiming at the environmental property and damage mechanism of ancient adobe buildings, the material components, compressive strength and freezing-thawing resisting performance of ancient adobe bricks were tested and analyzed. Based on test data, the power function relation between nondestructive rebound value and compressive strength of adobe bricks was established, and the nonlinear correlation curve between mass loss rate and freezing–thawing cycles of adobe bricks was also determined. The study shows that the compressive strength of ancient adobe brick is greater than that of adobe in traditional rammed earth wall, and ancient adobe brick is inferior to fired brick at the waterproofing quality and freezing resisting performance, it needs to adopt surface waterproofing measures for ancient adobe buildings to improve the resisting capacity to environmental erosion.

scholarly journals Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Weise ◽  
Robert H. White ◽  
Frank C. Beall ◽  
Matt Etlinger
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Intermediate Scale ◽  
Time To Ignition

The flammability of living vegetation is influenced by a variety of factors, including moisture content, physical structure and chemical composition. The relative flammability of ornamental vegetation is of interest to homeowners seeking to make their homes ‘fire safe’. The relative importance of the factors influencing fire behaviour characteristics, such as flammability, is unknown. In the present study, oxygen consumption calorimetry was used to obtain selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. Peak heat release rate, mass loss rate, time to ignition and effective heat of combustion of 100 × 100-mm samples of foliage and small branches were measured using a bench-scale cone calorimeter. Green and oven-dry samples of 10 species were collected and tested seasonally for a period of 1 year. Similar measurements were made on whole shrubs in an intermediate-scale calorimeter. The range of cone calorimeter peak heat release rates for green and oven-dry samples was 1–176 and 49–331 kW m−2, respectively. Moisture content significantly reduced heat release rates and increased time to ignition. Peak heat release rates for Olea europea and Adenostoma fasciculatum were consistently highest over the year of testing; Aloe sp. consistently had the lowest heat release rate. The correlation of peak heat release rates measured by the cone calorimeter and an intermediate-scale calorimeter was statistically significant yet low (0.51). The use of the cone calorimeter as a tool to establish the relative flammability rating for landscape vegetation requires additional investigation.

Research on the Capability and Application of Flame Retardant Cable

2011 ◽  
Vol 217-218 ◽  
pp. 631-635
Author(s):  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardant Property ◽  
Time To Ignition ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Yield

This paper, analyzes some parameters with the help of Cone Calorimeter (CONE) for the time to ignition, smoke extinction area, heat release rate, carbon monoxide yield and mass loss rate. The results show that the fire retardant agents affect KVV’s flame retardant property. Such as TTI ( time to ignition ) is prolonged to nearly two times, and the average HRR ( heat release rate ) reduces about 18% compared with the ordinary one and the maximum HRR down about 33%of its counterpart.

scholarly journals FIRE TESTS ON WOOD PRODUCTS SUBJECTED TO DIFFERENT HEAT FLUXES

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romualdas Mačiulaitis ◽  
Vladas Praniauskas
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Smoke Production

The paper analyses three different wood products used for research exposing them to the surface heat flow density of 30 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2 and 70 kW/m2 and applying the test method described in ISO 5660–1 Reaction‐to‐fire tests – Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate – Part 1: Heat release rate (Cone calorimeter method). Research was performed applying 18 mm and 29 mm thick laminated wood chipboards and 24 mm thick medium density fibreboard. The paper provides an overview of the fire properties of wood products and discusses testing methods and the percentage composition of the tested wood products. Mean time to their ignition was determined. The mean values of the maximum heat release rate and time required to achieve them were investigated. Furthermore, the measurements of the released heat and efficient heat of combustion were taken. Further research covers the performance of statistic analysis, deriving empiric equations, correlation and determination coefficients, standard errors and Student criterion. The results of research are summarized. Conclusions are provided at the end of the paper. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinejami trys skirtingi medienos gaminiai, su kuriais atlikti tyrimai veikiant 30 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2bei 70 kW/m2 paviršiniais šilumos srautais taikant ISO 5660–1 “Reaction‐to‐fire tests – Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate – Part 1: Heat release rate (Cone calorimeter method)” bandymo metoda. Tyrimai atlikti su 18 mm ir 29 mm storio laminuotomis medžio drožliu plokštemis bei 24 mm storio vidutinio tankio plaušo plokšte. Darbe apžvel‐giamos medienos gaminiu gaisrines savybes. Aptariama bandymo metodika ir tirtu medienos gaminiu procentine sudetis. Nustatytas vidutinis laikas iki ju užsidegimo. Ištirti vidutiniai maksimalios šilumos išsiskyrimo greičio ir laiko iki ju pasiekimo dydžiai, taip pat išmatuota visa išskirta šiluma ir efektyvi degimo šiluma. Atlikta statistine analize, gautos em‐pirines lygtys, koreliacijos bei determinacijos koeficientai, standartines paklaidos bei Stjudento kriterijai. Apibendrinami tyrimo rezultatai. Darbo pabaigoje suformuluojamos išvados.

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