Effects of acrylamide graded doses on metallothioneins I and II induction and DNA fragmentation: Bochemical and histomorphological changes in the liver of adult rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 611-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Ghorbel ◽  
Awatef Elwej ◽  
Mariem Chaabene ◽  
Ons Boudawara ◽  
Rim marrakchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Histomorphological Changes

The present study investigates the toxic effects of acrylamide (ACR) administered to rats at two doses on (i) oxidative stress and disruption of pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in hepatic cells and (ii) its correlation with metallothioneins (MTs) genes expression, DNA damage and histomorphological changes. Treated rats with 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight of ACR led to an increase in malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, advanced oxidation protein products, protein carbonyl levels as well as an alteration in the antioxidant status. Total MT content in the liver and MT I and MT II genes induction were increased. Plasma transaminases activities, albumin, total protein and glucose levels were also increased, while alkaline phosphatase activity was decreased. Moreover, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, TC/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were increased, while HDL-C decreased in a dose-dependent manner. A random DNA degradation was observed only in the liver of ACR-treated rats with the highest dose. These changes were confirmed by histopathological observations.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BLOOD LIPID PROFILE AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE, METABOLIC SYNDROME, AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
S. A. Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Aim.To study the associations between blood lipid profile and blood glucose levels in men with coronary heart disease (CHD), stable effort angina (SEA), metabolic syndrome (MS), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2).Material and methods.The study included 82 men (mean age 50,5±0,9 years) with CHD, Functional Class I–III SEA, MS, and DM-2. The following lipid profile parameters were assessed: total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–CH), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL–CH), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–CH), atherogenic index (AI), and triglyceride index (TGI), together with fasting blood glucose.Results.There were positive (direct) associations between higher levels (>90th percentile) of lipid profile parameters (TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL– CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and blood glucose, as well as between lower levels (≤10th percentile) of lipid profile parameters (TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL– CH, AI, TGI) and blood glucose. At the same time, there were negative (inverse) associations between lower lipid levels (≤10th percentile of TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL–CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and higher glucose levels (>90th percentile), as well as between higher lipid levels (>90th percentile of TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL–CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and lower glucose levels (≤10th percentile).Conclusion.Dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia demonstrate synergetic proatherogenic effects in patients with CHD, SEA, MS, and DM-2, as suggested by significant heterogeneous (direct and inverse) associations between lipid profile parameters and fasting blood glucose. The results obtained provide an opportunity for the assessment of risk levels, prognosis, and need for pharmacological prevention and treatment in patients with combined cardiovascular pathology. 

scholarly journals Antidyslipidemic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii (Stapf) Diels in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. Ibitoye ◽  
U. M. Ghali ◽  
J. B. Adekunle ◽  
J. N. Uwazie ◽  
T. O. Ajiboye
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii (Stapf) Diels leaves are widely used in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular related complications in Nigeria. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effect of aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. HFD-fed rats were given 100, 200, and 400 mgkg−1 body weight of aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves for 4 weeks starting from 9th week of HFD treatment. D. cumminsii leaves aqueous extract reversed HFD-mediated decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Moreover, HFD-mediated elevation in the levels of conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and DNA fragmentation in rats liver was lowered. HFD-mediated alterations in serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly reversed by the extract. The treatment of HFD-fed rats reduced the levels of insulin, leptin, protein carbonyl, fragmented DNA, and tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin- (IL-) 6 and IL- 8 and increased the adiponectin level. This study showed that aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves has potential antiobesity and anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of obesity-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity-related disorder in HFD-induced obese rats.

Effect of Curcumin on the Level of Blood Lipid and Blood Glucose in Diabetic Rat Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 419-422
Author(s):  
Ming San Miao ◽  
Lin Guo ◽  
Shuo Tian ◽  
Tan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

Objective: To investigate the effects of curcumin on blood lipid and blood glucose levels and its mechanism in diabetic rat model. Method: After streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model, large, medium and small doses of curcumin group were partly given curcumin solution 400,200,100mg·kg-1, administered once a day, continuously 30 days. In 30 th day, determine blood glucose (BG) value, after the last injection , determine the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Results: Compared with the model group rats, each dose of curcumin group rats’ BG, TC, TG and LDL-C levels were significantly decreased, HDL-C levels was increased significantly. Conclusion: Curcumin has a certain impact on blood lipids and blood glucose in diabetic rat model.

Association between eating behavior, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, and peptide YY (PYY) hormone levels in obese adolescents in outpatient care

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 873-877
Author(s):  
Simone P. Fernandes ◽  
Janine Alessi ◽  
Zilda E. A. Santos ◽  
Elza D. de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Glucose Levels

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the eating behavior of obese adolescents and its association with biochemical, anthropometric and peptide YY (PYY) measures.MethodsFifty-one obese adolescents received counseling for weight management at 12 monthly appointments. Fasting serum PYY levels, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin and glucose levels, waist circumference (WC) and results from the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-21) were assessed.ResultsOver one year there was a significant increase in PYY levels (p = 0.026), reduction in TC (p = 0.003), TG (p = 0.022), BMI (p = 0.002), BMI z-score (p < 0.001) and WC (p = 0.003). During this period there was a decrease in the uncontrolled eating score (UE), illustrating that adolescents displayed more self-control (p = 0.008) at the end of the study; however, this result was independent of BMI and BMI z-score (p = 0.407). The reduction in UE was associated with a significant improvement in insulin levels (rs = 0.326; p = 0.020). The reduction in UE was also associated with lower levels of blood glucose (r = 0.332; p = 0.017), and the increase of cognitive restriction, with the reduction of insulin insulin (rs = −0.294; p = 0.036) and TG (r = −0.368; p = 0.008) and an increase in Cognitive Restraint.ConclusionsOur results show that after a year of monitoring weight loss, adolescents had more controlled eating behaviors, increased PYY levels, and reduced weights.

scholarly journals Association between eating behavior, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, and pyy hormone levels in obese adolescents in outpatient care 

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone P. Fernandes ◽  
Janine Alessi ◽  
Zilda de Albuquerque Santos ◽  
Elza Daniel de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract Background: Food intake and energy expenditure, as well as short-term satiety signals, can be regulated by the peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) secreted by the gastrointestinal tract. It is also unknown if changes in PYY hormone levels lead to changes in feeding behavior or in body composition. More comprehensive investigation of serum regulation of gut-derived hormone signals, with behavioral and clinical outcomes, are needed to understand the consequences of deregulating the appetite of obese adolescents.Objective: To evaluate the eating behavior of obese adolescents and its association with biochemical, anthropometric and PYY measures. Methods: 51 obese adolescents received counseling for weight management at 12 monthly appointments. Fasting serum PYY levels, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin and glucose levels, waist circumference (WC) and results from the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-21) were assessed. Results: Over one year there was a significant increase in PYY levels (p = 0.026); reduction in TC (p = 0.003), TG (p = 0.022), BMI (p = 0.002), BMI z-score (p <0.001) and WC (p = 0.003). During this period there was a decrease in the Uncontrolled Eating score (UE), illustrating that adolescents displayed more self-control (p = 0.008) at the end of the study; however, this result was independent of BMI and BMI z-score (p = 0.407). The reduction in UE was associated with a significant improvement in insulin levels (rs = 0.326; p = 0.020). The reduction in UE was also associated with lower levels of blood glucose (r = 0.332; p = 0.017), and the increase of cognitive restriction, with the reduction of insulin insulin (rs = -0.294 p = 0.036) and TG (r = -0.368; p = 0.008) and an increase in Cognitive Restraint. Conclusions: Our results show that after a year of monitoring weight loss, adolescents had more controlled eating behaviors, increased PYY levels, and reduced weights.

Lycopene attenuates dichlorvos-induced oxidative damage and hepatotoxicity in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Abu El-Saad ◽  
MM Ibrahim ◽  
AA Hazani ◽  
GA El-Gaaly
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
The Status ◽  
Treatment Administration ◽  
Serum Transaminases

Because of the widespread use of dichlorvos (DDVP) for domestic applications, evaluation of their toxic effects is of major concern to public health. Lycopene may lower oxidative stress by a mechanism that is not fully elucidated. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective efficacy of lycopene in terms of normalization of altered biochemical parameters following DDVP treatment in rats. Animals were divided into four groups. The first group was used as control, while groups 2, 3, and 4 were orally treated with lycopene (10 mg kg−1 body weight (b.w.)), DDVP (1.6 mg kg−1 b.w.), and DDVP plus lycopene, respectively. Results showed that oral administration of DDVP for 30 days increased the levels of lipid peroxidation markers such as malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonanal, and protein carbonyl content in liver. Also, a decrease in levels of vitamin C, vitamin E, and reduced glutathione was detected due to DDVP administration. These were accompanied by a decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione- S-transferase in the liver tissue. Moreover, DDVP increased the activities of serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and lipoxygenase, and the levels of bilirubin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and DNA–protein crosslinks, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, while decreased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our results provide new insights into the biochemical studies of relation between DDVP hepatotoxicity and lycopene treatment. Administration of lycopene to DDVP-treated rats reverted the status of hepatic markers to near-normal levels. These data suggest that lycopene can protect against the liver damage induced by DDVP.

scholarly journals ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACT FROM COCCINIA GRANDIS (L.) VOIGT. LEAVES BY METHANOL ON ALLOXAN INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIC MICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318
Author(s):  
Dai Thi Xuan Trang ◽  
Vo Chi Linh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Ai Lan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The aim of this study was to investigate antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of the extract of Coccinia grandis leaves (CGL) by methanol in alloxan induced diabetic mice. Hyperglycemic was induced in mice by administration of alloxan monohydrate (135 mg/kg, ip.). CGL was orally given to the normal mice (100 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) to determine the toxicity of CGL. Hyperglycemic mice were treated with the extract of CGL (100 mg/kg body weight/ twice a day). Glucophage, diabetic commercially available drug, was used as a possitive control with dose of 108 mg/kg body weight/twice a day. Mice were administered with both glucophage and CGL extract orally during 21 days. On the 21st day of the experiment, mice blood, liver and brain samples were collected to test biochemical parameters and antioxidant levels. CGL did not show toxicity and death up to dose 1000 mg/kg in mice. Administration of CGL 100 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) reduced blood glucose levels in alloxan induced hyperglycemic mice. Besides, several serum lipid values including total cholecterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduced while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased. Malondialdehyde (MDA) in a group of untreated hyperglycemic mice was statistically higher than that of nomal mice. The MDA levels of livers and brains in the CGL treated hyperglycemic mice were lower than that of hyperglycemic control. The effects of hypoglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant of CGL were higher than that of glucophage. The total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of the leaf extract were 607,41 + 14,44 mg gallic acid or quercetin equivalents/g and 111,72 + 1,94 mg equivalents/g, respectively. In conclusion, the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of the CGL suggest a potential therapeutictreatment for hyperglycemic conditions.

scholarly journals Catechin Treatment Ameliorates Diabetes and Its Complications in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Dose-Response ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932581769115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Apo B

Context: Diabetes mellitus causes atherosclerosis and lipid abnormalities. Hypolipidemic and antioxidative properties of catechin (CTN) have been reported in several studies. Objective: This study assesses the possible protective effects of CTN against oxidative damage in the diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into the control, untreated diabetic, and 3 CTN-treated diabetic groups (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneal). The diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin. Catechin was injected for 4 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, glucose, lipid profile, apoprotein A-I (apo A-I), apoprotein B (apo B), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and antioxidant enzymes including glutathione- S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in serum. Statistical analyses were performed using the InStat 3.0 program. Results: Streptozotocin caused an elevation of glucose, MDA, triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apo B with reduction in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apo A-I, SOD, CAT, and GST in the serum ( P < .05). The findings showed that the significant elevation in the body weight, glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C, and apo B and reduction in HDL-C, apo A-I, SOD, CAT, and GST were ameliorated in the CTN-treated diabetic groups versus the untreated group, in a dose-dependent manner ( P < .05). Conclusion: The present investigation proposes that CTN may ameliorate diabetes and its complications by modification of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Flaxseed and Its Components in Treatment of Hyperlipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Kailash Prasad ◽  
Amal S. Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shoker
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Flax Fibers ◽  
Flax Oil ◽  
Low Concentrations

AbstractThis paper describes the effects of flaxseed and its components (flax oil, secoisolariciresinoldiglucoside[SDG], flax lignan complex [FLC], and flax fibers] on serum lipids (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and triglycerides [TG]) in animals and humans. Ordinary flaxseed reduces TG, TC, LDL-C, and TC/HDL-C levels in a dose-dependent manner in animals. In humans, it reduces serum lipids in hypercholesterolemicpatients but has no effects in normocholesterolemicpatients. Flax oil has variable effects on serum lipids in normo- and hypercholesterolemic animals. Flax oil treatment, with a dosage containing greater than 25 g/day of α-linolenic acid, reduces serum lipids in humans. Although FLC reduces serum lipids and raises serum HDL-C in animals, its effects on serum lipids in humans are small and variable. Flax fibers exert small effects on serum lipids in humans. Crop Development Centre (CDC)-flaxseed, which contains low concentrations of α-linolenic acid, has significant lipid lowering effects in animals. Pure SDG has potent hypolipidemic effects and raises HDL-C. In conclusion, flaxseed and pure SDG have significant lipid-lowering effects in animals and humans, while other components of flaxseed have small and variable effects.

scholarly journals Potassium bromate-induced nephrotoxicity and potential curative role of metformin loaded on gold nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110337
Author(s):  
Ahmed S Abdel-Latif ◽  
Sally E Abu-Risha ◽  
Samaa M Bakr ◽  
Wafaa M EL-Kholy ◽  
Mamdouh R EL-Sawi
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Potassium Bromate ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Curative Effect

Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a carcinogenic compound, where it causes renal tumors. The present study investigated the potential curative effect of metformin loaded on gold nanoparticles (MET AuNPs) in attenuating KBrO3-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were divided into eight groups (control, MET, AuNPs, MET AuNPs, KBrO3, KBrO3/MET, KBrO3/AuNPS, and KBrO3/MET AuNPs). KBrO3 administration resulted in a significant elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DB), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), creatinine, urea, uric acid. Also, KBrO3 significantly increased renal malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), and nitric oxide (NO) levels and reduced the activities of antioxidant molecules superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and Reduced glutathione (GSH). It also caused damaged DNA spots in comet assay and increased inflammatory IL-6 and apoptotic markers (caspase 3, Bax) while antiapoptotic Bcl-2 was significantly reduced. MET, AuNPS, MET AuNPS reduced the extent of renal damage induced by KBrO3 as indicated by decreased (AST, ALT, ALP, Alb, TP, TB, DB, creatinine, urea, uric, Lipid profile). MET, AuNPS, MET AuNPS showed a good curative effect against KBrO3-induced nephrotoxicity and MET AuNPS group showed better results compared with monotherapy.

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