For those in peril on and off the sea: Merchant marine bodies in nineteenth-century St. John’s, Newfoundland

Nineteenth-century admission records to the St. John’s General Hospital have recently been made available for analysis. Records are extant from 17 May 1886 to 30 December 1899, and of the 5,995 admissions during this period, it was possible to identify 294 unique male merchant seafarers. Individuals were most frequently admitted due to traumatic conditions, respiratory diseases, and sexually transmitted infections, results which resonate with previous historical studies of seafaring health. Cross-referencing individual seafarer’s hospital admissions with crew list agreements from the Registrar General for Shipping and Seamen allowed for an examination of time spent in port before hospital admission, which provides a unique contribution to the historical literature on the health of the maritime workforce. This research sheds light upon the healthcare experience of merchant seafarers in the key port city of St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, emphasizing the value of hospital records in broader studies of occupational risks and hygiene.

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Conflicted Colony: Critical Episodes in Nineteenth-Century Newfoundland and Labrador.

Canadian Historical Review ◽

10.3138/chr.100.1.br09 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 115-116

Author(s):

James E. Candow

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Newfoundland And Labrador

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Therapeutic role of vegetables in Respiratory Diseases – A critical review from Ayurvedic classics.

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v1i3.4429 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Raghavendra Naik ◽

Shweta Vekariya ◽

R. N. Acharya ◽

Sneha D. Borkar

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Respiratory Disease ◽

Respiratory System ◽

Critical Review ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

The Family

The concept of Pathya (wholesome diet) is an unique contribution of Ayurveda, which plays an important role in prevention and management of many diseases. “Shakavarga”, a category under dietetics in classical texts of Ayurveda enlisted different vegetables with their properties and indications in different disease conditions. These vegetables can be prescribed as Pathya (wholesome diet) in clinical practice. In the present review, plants described under Shakavarga, indicated as Pathya in different diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system) were compiled from 15 different Ayurvedic classical texts. Critical analysis of the compiled data reveals that out of 332 vegetables described under Shakavarga, 44 are indicated in respiratory disease like Shvasa (Dyspnoea/Asthma), Kasa (Cough), Peenasa (Chronic rhinitis) and Hikka (Hiccup). Among them, botanical identity of 42 classical plants has been established and maximum number of vegetables belongs to the family cucurbitaceae (10) followed by solanaceae (4). Some of these vegetables have been reported for their various pharmacological activities related to prevention and management of diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system). These vegetables are reported for their anti-inflammatory (16), antioxidant (14), anti-allergic (6) and antitussive (3) activities. The observed result may be helpful in use of vegetables as Pathya (wholesome diet) and planning further scientific studies about the efficacy of these plants on prevention as well as management of respiratory diseases.

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A Mediterranean insular port-city in transition: economic transformations, spatial antagonism and the metamorphosis of landscape in nineteenth-century Hermoupolis on the island of Syros

Urban History ◽

10.1017/s0963926814000558 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 225-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

APOSTOLOS DELIS

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

World War Ii ◽

Economic Importance ◽

Industrial Capitalism ◽

Port City ◽

World War ◽

Port Cities ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Economic Transformations ◽

Economic Landscape

ABSTRACT:Port-cities provide excellent examples of the socio-economic transformations that occurred during the transition from merchant to industrial capitalism in the second half of the nineteenth century. Hermoupolis on the island of Syros was a major economic centre in Greece and a hub of international trade during the nineteenth century. However, economic transformations that commenced in the 1860s affected long-established port-based activities such as wooden shipbuilding and its related industries due to the decline of sailing ships and the expansion of factories. This factor led to an increase in tension and antagonism between manufacturers and shipbuilders over the use of land and altered the physical and the socio-economic landscape of the port-city. However, new types of economic activities flourished, like the tramp steamship business and factories, which enabled Hermoupolis to maintain its economic importance until World War II.

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Hospitalisation for COPD in Puglia: the role of hospital discharge database to estimate prevalence and incidence

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease ◽

10.4081/monaldi.2008.386 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

Author(s):

P. Trerotoli ◽

N. Bartolomeo ◽

A.M. Moretti

Keyword(s):

Disease Management ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽

Hospital Discharge Database ◽

Discharge Database

Background and aim. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), although largely preventable, is a great health burden in all the countries worldwide. Statistics of morbidity and mortality of COPD show the need for correct management of the disease. Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Diseases (DRG 88) are in 9th place for discharge in in-patient hospital admission. It is necessary to establish specific indicators which are efficacious and relevant for the patient, the doctor and the health manager. This study will analyse the information in respect of hospital admissions (Hospital discharge database) in Puglia for the period 2000-2005. Methods. The analysis was carried out utilising the Puglia Region hospital patient discharge database, selecting those patients with admission for chronic respiratory disease as principal or secondary diagnosis. Results. Chronic respiratory diseases are more frequent in males and in people over 45 years old with frequency increasing with age. Geographical distribution shows that there are greater rates of hospitalisation in big cities and in the neighbourhood of industrial areas. Although the trend over time is slight. A higher percentage of re-admission has been found for patients with COPD, and the interval between the two admissions occurs within one or two months; the diagnosis at the second admission is the same as for the first. 10.6% of discharge forms report one diagnosis, especially in patients older than 65 years of age. Little could be said about diagnostic procedures because these are not reported on the discharge form. Conclusion. Hospitalisation data confirms expectations regarding age and sex of patients. The high hospitalisation rates indicate that in-patients care still remains the only viable treatment for COPD and other chronic respiratory diseases. The high number of exacerbations reflect the absence of out-patients service or community care, and the same diagnosis in more than one episode shows the lack of efficiency of health services and disease management. This data is necessary to understand disease distribution and the modification of disease management in order to reduce health care costs, to increase efficacy in disease control and to limit repeated exacerbation and so to obtain the maximum benefit for the patients.

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Effects of Coarse Particulate Matter on Emergency Hospital Admissions for Respiratory Diseases: A Time-Series Analysis in Hong Kong

Environmental Health Perspectives ◽

10.1289/ehp.1104002 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 120 (4) ◽

pp. 572-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 110

Author(s):

Hong Qiu ◽

Ignatius Tak-sun Yu ◽

Linwei Tian ◽

Xiaorong Wang ◽

Lap Ah Tse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Time Series Analysis ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Emergency Hospital ◽

Series Analysis ◽

Emergency Hospital Admissions ◽

Coarse Particulate Matter

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Influence of air pollution on hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Nis, Serbia

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp1006473m ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 67 (6) ◽

pp. 473-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zoran Milosevic ◽

Dragan Bogdanovic ◽

Sladjana Jovic ◽

Aleksandra Stankovic ◽

Suzana Milutinovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Sulphur Dioxide ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Age Groups ◽

Children And Youth ◽

Age Group ◽

Short Term ◽

Limit Values ◽

Black Smoke

Background/Aim. In studies that investigate the health effects of short-term air pollution exposure, population-wide changes in acute outcomes such as mortality, hospital admissions and healthcare visits are linked to short-term variations in ambient pollutant concentrations. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between daily outdoor black smoke and sulphur dioxide levels and hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Nis, within a period 2001-2005. Methods. A time series analysis was performed using separated regression models for each pollutant and disease group, by age groups and population as a whole. The effects of copollutant, meteorological factors and cyclic oscillations in hospitalization numbers were controlled. Results. A significant increase in hospital admissions was associated with a 10 ?g/m3 increase in the concentration of black smoke, for cardiovascular diseases: 3.14% (< 0.01) in children and youth under 19 years of age, 1.85% (< 0.001) in 19-64 age group, and 0.84% (< 0.05) in all ages, and for respiratory diseases: 1.77% (< 0.05) in 19-64 age group, and 0.91% (< 0.05) in all ages. The effects on hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in children and youth under 19 years of age, and for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in the elderly were not statistically significant. The increase of sulphur dioxide level was associated with the increased number of hospitalizations, for both cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in all age groups, but the influence was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Outdoor pollutants concentrations in urban area of Nis were below regulated limit values during most of the investigated period days but it is shown that even such a level of pollution has a significant effect on hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.

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KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES ON SYNDROMIC MANAGEMENT OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS IN PUBLIC FACILITIES

Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing ◽

10.47604/jhmn.1161 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Maina Eva Mumbi ◽

Mwangi John Hiuhu ◽

Njuguna Felix Tharao ◽

Maingi Nancy Nyambura

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Data Collection ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Data Collection Tool ◽

Syndromic Management ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Public Health Facilities ◽

Syndromic Approach

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge of nurses on syndromic management of STIs in public health facilities within Kirinyaga west Sub County. Methodology: The study utilized descriptive cross-sectional study design, with a target population of 70 nurses working in 16 Kirinyaga west public health facilities. The dependent variable was applying syndromic approach management of sexually transmitted infections, independent variables as knowledge and practices. The study utilized purposive sampling technique to determine the sample size of 49 nurses. The study employed the use of a questionnaire as a data collection tool and check list. A pretest of the data collection tool was conducted at Karatina sub county hospital MCH/FP Findings The study findings showed that 90% of the respondents had general knowledge of what syndromic approach is though 38% were not able to identify the common STIs syndromes and 39% couldn’t correctly identify the STIs that present a genital ulcer. 45% depended on laboratory investigations to diagnose and manage STIs, while 74% had not undergone any training or CME in the last 2 years on syndromic management of STIs and 96%reported that the health facilities they were stationed did not have readily available WHO/NASCOP 2015 guidelines. The respondents did not apply the syndromic approach in managing STIs and that, knowledge and practice on syndromic management of STIs among nurses in Kirinyaga west Sub County is low at 41%. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: There is need for more awareness through capacity building among health workers managing sexually transmitted infections in the communities and therefore the study recommends county Governments to organize for trainings and CMEs on STIs/syndromic approach and identify an STIs management focal person in public health facilities.

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Seasonal temperature variability and emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases: a population-based cohort study

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-211333 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 (10) ◽

pp. 951-958 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Shengzhi Sun ◽

Francine Laden ◽

Jaime E Hart ◽

Hong Qiu ◽

Yan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Temperature Variability ◽

Seasonal Temperature ◽

Short Term ◽

Emergency Hospital ◽

Emergency Hospital Admissions ◽

Mean Temperature

BackgroundClimate change increases global mean temperature and changes short-term (eg, diurnal) and long-term (eg, intraseasonal) temperature variability. Numerous studies have shown that mean temperature and short-term temperature variability are both associated with increased respiratory morbidity or mortality. However, data on the impact of long-term temperature variability are sparse.ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the association of intraseasonal temperature variability with respiratory disease hospitalisations among elders.MethodsWe ascertained the first occurrence of emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in a prospective Chinese elderly cohort of 66 820 older people (≥65 years) with 10–13 years of follow-up. We used an ordinary kriging method based on 22 weather monitoring stations in Hong Kong to spatially interpolate daily ambient temperature for each participant’s residential address. Seasonal temperature variability was defined as the SD of daily mean summer (June–August) or winter (December–February) temperatures. We applied Cox proportional hazards regression with time-varying exposure of seasonal temperature variability to respiratory admissions.ResultsDuring the follow-up time, we ascertained 12 689 cases of incident respiratory diseases, of which 6672 were pneumonia and 3075 were COPD. The HRs per 1°C increase in wintertime temperature variability were 1.20 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.32), 1.15 (1.01 to 1.31) and 1.41 (1.15 to 1.71) for total respiratory diseases, pneumonia and COPD, respectively. The associations were not statistically significant for summertime temperature variability.ConclusionWintertime temperature variability was associated with higher risk of incident respiratory diseases.

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Franz Unger and plant evolution: Representations of plants through time

10.1130/2021.1218(08) ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Larry B. Collins

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Life History ◽

Transition Period ◽

Plant Evolution ◽

Modern Concept ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Deep Time ◽

Earth History ◽

Fossil Evidence

ABSTRACT This chapter will highlight a series of lithographs produced by Franz Unger and Josef Kuwasseg that emphasize how Unger used plants to represent different periods of earth history. While Henry De la Beche is credited with the first depiction of ancient life through art (Duria antiquior), Unger’s work was the first to illustrate how plants could be used as indicators of changes in life history. In collaboration with artist Josef Kuwasseg, he embarked on a project entitled The Primitive World in Its Different Periods of Formation that consisted of 14 lithographs that were published in 1851. The title was unique in that it combined the concepts of a “primitive world,” or the widely accepted contemporary idea of undifferentiated deep time, with our modern concept of different periods of earth history. Unger selected periods for this project based upon major strata, but his botanical roots led him to emphasize the importance of plants in each lithograph. The series begins with the “Transition Period,” or the strata that contain the most fossil evidence to develop a reconstruction, and ends with a depiction of the arrival of man in a plant-filled world. This series of lithographs offers a unique contribution to the history and philosophy of geology as Unger recognized the importance of plants to our understanding of geology and deep time in the nineteenth century.

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