Supporting Children Who Experience Domestic Violence: Evaluating the Child Witness to Domestic Violence Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110358
Author(s):  
Erin C. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Child Witness ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Child Gender ◽  
The Impact

Impacting 1 in 4 children in the United States, childhood exposure to domestic violence predicts myriad negative sequelae. Intervening post exposure is critical to help children and their protective parent heal and avoid long-term negative consequences. Children aged 2-17 and their mothers who were victims of domestic violence participated in a 12-week group program delivered by domestic violence agency staff that provides psychoeducation on the impact of trauma and domestic violence and aims to improve parent and child well-being. The impact of the Child Witness to Domestic Violence (CWDV) program was tested in an intervention group ( n = 69 children, 33 mothers) who participated in CWDV and control group ( n = 80 children, 39 mothers) consisting of children whose mothers received adult-focused domestic violence services but were not enrolled in CWDV or other child-focused services. Multiple regression analyses controlling for child gender, child age, mother’s age, and the outcome of interest at time 1 found that participation in CWDV program significantly predicted better child functioning as indicated by less hyperactivity ( B = –.85, p = .06), fewer negative emotional symptoms ( B = –1.14, p = .01), and fewer total behavioral difficulties ( B = –2.48, p = .02) as well as higher maternal hope ( B = .57, p = .03). These data provide promising evidence of the impact of a brief, replicable group intervention that promotes healing and well-being among children and parents exposed to domestic violence. Limitations include a quasi-experimental design and reliance on maternal report.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of the European resilience curriculum in preschool, early and late primary school children

2021 ◽  
pp. 014303432110250
Author(s):  
Celeste Simões ◽  
Anabela C. Santos ◽  
Paula Lebre ◽  
João R. Daniel ◽  
Cátia Branquinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Prosocial Behaviours ◽  
The Impact

Resilience is an individual’s ability to adapt successfully to and persevere during and after significant challenges. Resilience programmes based on a socioemotional learning approach have been associated with an increase in protextive factors (e.g., prosocial competencies), improvements in physical and mental health, and a decrease in internalised and externalised symptoms. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the RESCUR curriculum implemented in Portuguese schools on students’ academic, behavioural, and socioemotional outcomes, based on child and teacher reports. Participants included 1,084 children (53.2% male) aged 3-15 ( M = 7.24, SD = 2.31). A quasi-experimental study compared outcomes for an experimental intervention group (AIG) with a waiting list control group (WG). The results showed the RESCUR programme decreased mental health difficulties while increasing both prosocial behaviours and well-being. In addition, academic performance increased for those in preschool after implementation. Both teachers and children consistently reported positive behavioural changes in resilience-related competencies after implementing RESCUR. Our findings contribute to the recent research on the potential of RESCUR to address key socioemotional competencies and improve relevant protextive factors. Study limitations and future recommendations are addressed.

PHARMACEUTICAL CARE OF ADOLESCENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1: THE DIADEMA STUDY, A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. e1.67-e1
Author(s):  
Emina Obarčanin ◽  
Manfred Krueger ◽  
Petra Mueller ◽  
Verena Nemitz ◽  
Holger Schwender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundAdolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) often show low adherence to complex insulin regimens, leading to poor glycemic control. The benefit of pharmaceutical care in adults with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) has been widely explored; however, evidence in adolescents with T1DM remains scarce.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical care in adolescents with T1DM provided by a multidisciplinary team on multiple important clinical outcomes.SettingAt the outpatient Helios Paediatric Clinic and at the 12 regular community pharmacies of the study patients with 14 pharmacists in the Krefeld area, Germany, and at the University Pediatric Clinic with one pharmacist on-site in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina.MethodsA randomized, controlled, prospective, multicenter study in 68 adolescents with T1DM. The intervention group received monthly structured pharmaceutical care delivered by pharmacists plus supplementary phone calls for 6 months. The control group received usual diabetic care. Data were collected at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. In addition, HbA1c was measured after 12 months.Main outcome measures The between-group difference in the change from baseline in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the number of severe hypoglycemic events in both groups, and patient well-being in the intervention group.ResultsThe improvement from baseline in HbA1c was significantly greater in the intervention group than in the control group after 6 months (change from baseline −0.54 vs. +0.32%, p=0.0075), even after adjustment for country-specific variables (p=0.0078). However, the effect was more pronounced after only 3 months (−1.09 vs. +0.23%, p=0.00002). There was no significant between-group difference in the number of severe hypoglycemia events. After 6 months, the well-being according to the WHO-5 index in the intervention group increased significantly from 52.8% to 63.3%. After 12 months the mean total HbA1c remained significantly reduced in the intervention compared to the control group (8.6% vs. 9.5%, p=0.0184).ConclusionThe improved outcomes seen in this study provide new evidence that pharmaceutical care adds value to the management of T1DM in adolescents. However, the optimal methods of achieving sustained long-term improvements in this specific patient population require further study.

The Effect of Cyberspace-based Education on the Well-Being of Caregivers of Elderly People with Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz ◽  
Parisa Mollaei ◽  
Parisa Taheri-Tanjani
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: One of the consequences of aging is the prevalence of chronic and age-related diseases, such as dementia. Caring for patients with dementia has a negative impact on the caregiver's well-being. This study aimed to examine the impact of cyberspace-based education on the well-being of caregivers of demented elderly people. Methods: This experimental study was done on a sample of 86 caregivers of elderly with dementia in 2018. The study sample was selected from memory clinic of Taleghani Hospital and randomly assigned into groups (intervention n = 43, control n = 43 groups). The well-being was measured using the World Health Organization - Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), before and two months after the intervention. Cyberspace-based educational intervention was conducted for one month. The SPSS software version 23 was employed in data analysis. Results: The mean age of the caregivers in the intervention and control groups were (M = 51.95, SD = 10.90) and (M = 51.36, SD = 15.12) respectively. No significant difference was found between two groups in terms of age, gender and level of education. The results of analysis showed that while the well-being of the intervention group was significantly increased (t (38) = -11.38, P<0.001) the well-being in the control group was significantly reduced ( t(36) =4.71 , P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings showed that cyberspace-based education can improve the well-being of caregivers of the elderly with dementia.

Impact of Perceived Second-Hand Consequences Related to Alcohol Use on College Students' Drinking Behavior Intent: A Test of Feasibility

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickey Trockel ◽  
Andrew Wall ◽  
Janet Reis
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Class Discussion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of an experiment designed to determine the impact of a group discussion about second-hand consequences of alcohol use on college students' intentions to consume alcohol. Participants were students enrolled in two large Community Health courses at a large Midwestern university ( n = 184). After randomization of class sections into an intervention or a control group, intervention group students participated in a class discussion on the negative consequences college students experience as a result of other students' drinking behavior, prior to answering survey questions regarding their drinking behavior intent. Compared to controls who completed the questionnaire only, intervention group participants reported intent to limit themselves to fewer drinks per drinking occasion ( p = .003) and fewer drinks per week ( p = .004). The effects of the brief educational intervention were analyzed using structural equation modeling, to test the feasibility of a hypothesized intervention mechanism.

scholarly journals “Brown Bag Clinic”: A Pharmacist-led Approach to Reduce Heart Failure Hospital Readmission

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Maggie N. Faraj ◽  
Ileana L. Piña ◽  
Candice Garwood
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Heart failure (HF) affects approximately 6 million in the United States and despite guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), still more than 20% of patients are readmitted within 30 days.1,2 This study evaluated the impact of a “pharmacist-led HF Brown Bag Clinic” (BBC) on HF patient outcomes including readmissions and mortality. Methods: This retrospective study, conducted at an academic medical center, included adult patients 18 to 89 years old with HF presenting to the BBC 7-14 days post HF hospitalization. Those failing to attend the BBC within 30 days of hospital discharge were in the control group. Our electronic medical records were used to capture patients’ baseline characteristics and describe pharmacists’ interventions. Thirty- and ninety-day post-discharge HF readmission and all-cause mortality were evaluated. Results: A total of 32 patients met the inclusion criteria; 15 receiving intervention and 17 controls. A total of 18 HF hospital readmissions occurred, 4 (22%) readmissions in the intervention group and 14 (78%) in the control group (p= 0.06). Hospital readmissions within 30 days and 90 days were greater in the control group compared with the intervention group (18% vs. 7% and 41% vs. 21% respectively). Conclusion: A pharmacist-led post-discharge clinic demonstrated numerically fewer HF hospital readmissions compared with a scheduled but “no show” control group.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of an Intervention Project by the Young women's Christian Association of Malawi on Psychosocial Well-Being of Adolescent Mothers and Their Children in Malawi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mtisunge Kachingwe ◽  
Ibrahim Chikowe ◽  
Lotte van der Haar ◽  
Nettie Dzabala
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Young Women's Christian Association ◽  
The Impact

Adolescent mothers in Malawi face psychosocial challenges such as low resilience level, low self-esteem, poor maternal-infant interaction, and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV). Children of adolescent mothers often face numerous risks such as low birth-weight, stunted growth, infant death, low school enrolment, increased grade repetition, and dropouts that put them at greater risk of poor developmental outcomes and socio-emotional problems. This study assessed the impact of components of a community project conducted by the Young Women's Christian association of Malawi in providing psychosocial support to adolescent mothers and their children. The goals of the project were; (1) to improve early childhood development in babies born to adolescent mothers; and (2) to enhance the psychosocial well-being of adolescent mothers (self-esteem, resilience stress, and parenting skills). This descriptive mixed methods evaluation study comprised an intervention and control groups of adolescent mothers respectively. The project had 3 centers in southern region districts of Malawi. Target population was adolescent mothers 18 years of age and below. At baseline we enrolled 267 mothers and at the end of the project we had 211 mothers. The project involved monthly meetings with adolescent mothers imparting knowledge and skills and early childhood education activities. From July 2017 to June 2019, 58 sessions were conducted. In the first year the control group had no meetings, however they received the intervention in the second year. Overall results in the intervention group showed statistically significant increase in knowledge on parenting skills (p &lt; 0.01), nutritional practice (p &lt; 0.01), motor skills and cognitive functions in children (p &lt; 0.01) as well as expressive language and socio-emotional capacities in children (p &lt; 0.01), while the change in confidence and psychosocial well-being was not statistically significant (p = 0.8823). Community projects such as these enhance parenting skills and improve development of children born to adolescent mothers. Improving psychosocial support is complex and requires further research and a more holistic approach.

scholarly journals Awakening Compassion in Managers—a New Emotional Skills Intervention to Improve Managerial Compassion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miia Paakkanen ◽  
Frank Martela ◽  
Jari Hakanen ◽  
Lotta Uusitalo ◽  
Anne Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Organizational Research ◽  
Emotional Skills ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Compassion is in high demand within organizational research, with important implications for leadership, well-being, and productivity. However, thus far only meditation-based interventions have been implemented to increase compassion in organizations. Our aim was to explore whether compassion could be increased among managers through improving their emotional skills. We implemented a quasi-randomized controlled trial with pre-test and post-test design of a new emotional skills cultivation training among managers, measuring the treatment group (N = 68), the control group (N = 90), and their followers (N = 85 and N = 72). Compared to the control group, the managers exhibited significantly increased sense of emotional skills, with some evidence for an improved sense of compassion. We also found that emotional skills mediated the impact of participating in the intervention group and compassion. Additionally, servant leadership behaviors in the intervention group improved following the intervention. These results demonstrate that instead of being something innate, compassion is a skill that can be increased through training emotional skills, with observable benefits for the organization.

Electroconvulsive Therapy: The Impact of a Brief Educational Intervention on Public Knowledge and Attitudes

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen A. Hoffman ◽  
Jacee McLellan ◽  
Vanessa Hoogendoorn ◽  
Andrew W. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

The safety and efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are well established, yet efforts to educate the public about ECT advancements are lagging. The purpose of this study was to experimentally examine the impact of a brief educational intervention on public knowledge of, and attitudes toward, ECT. Participants ( n = 91) from a private liberal arts university in the upper Midwestern region of the United States were randomly assigned to either an educational intervention or a control group. The educational intervention group read a brief informational pamphlet about ECT. Both groups completed a 24-item ECT knowledge and attitude measure. Participants who read the ECT pamphlet demonstrated significantly higher levels of ECT knowledge and reported more favorable attitudes toward ECT than did the control group. Furthermore, knowledge of ECT significantly predicted attitudes toward the treatment. Educating the public about available medical treatments not only facilitates help-seeking behavior among prospective patients and their families, but also it hallmarks the informed consent process once help is sought.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Financial Capability Program on the Financial Well-being of Medical Practitioners

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Rajna Anthony ◽  
Mohamad Fazil Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Financial Satisfaction ◽  
Financial Capability ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of a financial capability program on the financial well-being of medical practitioners in the public hospitals in Selangor, Malaysia. Its specific aims were to determine the levels of financial capability, financial satisfaction and financial practice of medical practitioners before and after a financial capability program intervention. A total of 100 medical practitioners were randomly assigned to intervention (50%) and control groups (50%) after both completing the financial capability initial assessment and evaluation (pre-test) questionnaire. The intervention group participants attended a series of five two hour one on one coaching session while the control group did not. After a four month duration both the groups completed the post evaluation (post-test). There were equal numbers of males and females in the intervention sample compared to 19 males and 31 females in the control group. The findings showed that the paired samples t-test detected the difference between the means scores of financial capability, financial satisfaction and financial practice of the medical practitioners in the two groups (control and intervention) from time 1 (pre intervention) and time 2 (post intervention).  There was no statistically significant difference found in the financial capability, financial satisfaction and financial practice scores between the two groups (intervention and control) prior to the program intervention (time 1). But the post program intervention (time 2) showed statistically significant (p<0.001) difference between the intervention group and the control group confirming a positive impact. The results of this study can be a starting point in using coaching techniques as part of ongoing education program.

Cyberbullying Media-Based Prevention Intervention for Adolescents on Instagram: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Rose Kutok ◽  
Shira Dunsiger ◽  
John V Patena ◽  
Nicole R Nugent ◽  
Alison Riese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Prevention Intervention ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Between 15-70% of adolescents report experiencing cybervictimization; cybervictimization is associated with multiple negative consequences, including depressed mood. Few validated, easily disseminated interventions exist to prevent cybervictimization and its consequences. With over 97% of adolescents using social media (such as YouTube, Facebook, Instagram or Snapchat), recruiting and delivering a prevention intervention through social media and apps may improve accessibility of prevention tools for at-risk youth. OBJECTIVE To evaluate feasibility and acceptability, and to obtain preliminary outcome data, on a brief remote app-based intervention to prevent and reduce the effect of cyberbullying (IMPACT, Intervention Media to Prevent Adolescent Cyber-conflict through Technology). METHODS A national sample of 80 adolescents with a history of past-year cyber-victimization were recruited through Instagram for a randomized control trial (RCT) of the IMPACT a brief remote Research Assistant (RA) lead intervention and fully automated app-based program versus enhanced online resources (control). Feasibility and acceptability were measured by consent, daily use, and validated surveys. Although not powered for efficacy, outcomes (victimization, bystander self-efficacy, wellbeing) were measured using validated measures at 8 and 16 weeks and compared using SAS 9.3. RESULTS Regarding feasibility, 24.5% of eligible participants provided contact information, and of these 70% completed full enrollment procedures. Of the 80 participants enrolled 36 were randomized into the Intervention and 44 into the enhanced online rescores groups. All participants randomized to the intervention condition completed the remote intervention session, and 89% of daily prompts were answered. Retention rate at 8 weeks was 99% and 96% at 16 weeks for all participants. Regarding acceptability, 100% of intervention participants were at least moderately satisfied with IMPACT overall, and 92% were at least moderately satisfied with the app. Well-being among IMPACT users was significantly higher (b=1.17, SE=.87, P=.02 at 8 weeks; b=3.24, SE=.95, P=.001 at 16 weeks) and psychological stress was lower (b=-.66, SE=.08, P=.04 at 8 weeks; b=-.89, SE=.09, P<.01 at 16 weeks) than in controls. Participants in the intervention group attempted significantly more bystander interventions compared to control at 8 weeks (b=.82, SE=.42, P=.02). CONCLUSIONS Remote app-based interventions for victims of cyberbullying are feasible and acceptable, increase overall well-being and bystander effects, and decrease psychological stress. This is especially noteworthy given the increased anxiety reported from adolescents during the current global pandemics. The use of Instagram to recruit adolescents can be a successful strategy to identify and intervene with those at the highest risk of cybervictimization. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04259216

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