Factors Affecting the Decision of Postnatal Mothers to Donate Milk at a Government Satellite Human Milk Bank Site, in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 089033442098291
Author(s):  
Priya Bhoola ◽  
Chara Biggs
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black African ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
Willingness To Donate ◽  
Milk Banks

Background The need for donor human milk has accelerated both locally and globally. To remain sustainable, human milk banks need to maintain effective recruitment including frequent donations of adequate volumes. Research aims To determine (1) which factors influenced mothers’ willingness to give or receive donor human milk, and the influence of (2) socio-demographics, (3) pregnancy, (4) breastfeeding history, (5) prior knowledge of human milk banks, and (6) general factors on milk donations. Methods This was a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive study. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used ( N = 148). Independent sample t-tests and one-sample t-tests were used to determining differences in variables. Results The sample population consisted of mainly single ( n = 104, 70.3%) Black African mothers ( n = 127, 85.8%) who identified as Christian ( n = 97, 65.6%) with a mean age of 24.8 ( SD = 5.63) years. The majority ( n = 120, 81.1%) had no prior knowledge of human milk banks; however, most ( n = 78, 52.7%) were significantly likely to donate. The main factors that influenced the participants’ willingness to donate were altruism ( n = 99, 66.9%), information provided by staff at hospitals/clinics ( n = 92, 62.2%), amount of milk produced ( n = 69, 46.4%), fear of not having enough milk for their own infant ( n = 68, 45.9%), and support from family/friends/partner ( n = 67, 45.3%). Conclusion There is a strong need to increase visibility and information sharing with potential donor mothers to ensure a sustainable supply and system of human milk banks.

scholarly journals Postpartum women’s views on human milk banking in a city in Southeast China: a cross-sectional survey

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixia Tu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Lianlian Zhu ◽  
Xiaozhen Quan ◽  
Shuli Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southeast China ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
Willingness To Donate ◽  
Human Milk Banking ◽  
Milk Banking ◽  
Milk Banks

Abstract Background Donor human milk is the best alternative for preterm infants when their mother’s own milk is insufficient or unavailable. The development of human milk banks in China started late, and in most of these banks, the amount of donor human milk is insufficient for clinical demand. Moreover, many mothers are reluctant to use donor human milk due to safety concerns. It is important to understand the potential supply and demand of donor human milk before establishing a new human milk bank. This study aimed to understand women’s acceptance of human milk banking in Wenzhou, southeastern China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in three community health centers in Wenzhou, southeast China, in December 2020. Data were collected from 305 postpartum women selected through convenience sampling. Sociodemographic, perinatal and breastfeeding characteristics, awareness and knowledge of human milk banking and willingness to donate human milk, and to accept donor human milk were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to explore independent predictors of willingness to donate human milk and to accept donor human milk. Results Only 17% (52/305) of our participants had heard of human milk banking prior to this survey. The prevalence of willingness to donate human milk and use donor human milk in our study was 73.4% (224/305) and 44.6% (136/305), respectively. Employment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17, 4.50) and human milk banking knowledge (AOR 1.23; 95% CI 1.12, 1.35) were independent predictors of willingness to donate human milk. Monthly household income in the previous year (AOR 2.18; 95% CI 1.17, 4.06), awareness of human milk banking (AOR 2.41; 95% CI 1.24, 4.67) and knowledge of human milk banking (AOR 1.22; 95% CI 1.11, 1.35) were significantly associated with willingness to accept donor human milk. Conclusions In our study, awareness of human milk banks among women in the first year postpartum was low. More mothers were willing to donate human milk than to use donor human milk to feed their children. In our study, knowledge of human milk banking was a predictor of both willingness to donate human milk and willingness to use donor human milk. Programs with detailed information on human milk banking are needed to help mothers improve their knowledge and increase acceptance of human milk banking.

An Alternative to Mother’s Own Milk: Maternal Awareness of Donor Human Milk and Milk Banks

2020 ◽  
pp. 089033442093954
Author(s):  
Lindsay Ellsworth ◽  
Julie Sturza ◽  
Kate Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Experience ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
Milk Banks ◽  
Mother’S Own Milk

Background The use of donor human milk is rising. Maternal awareness of donor human milk use, milk donation, and milk banks has not been well described in the United States. Research Aims To explore maternal experience, knowledge, and attitudes regarding donor human milk use and milk donation. We also assessed counseling by medical providers about donor human milk use and donation. Methods A cross-sectional prospective survey design was used in this study. We anonymously surveyed mothers ( N = 73) attending the 1 to 2-week well newborn appointment. Analyses were completed using one-way ANOVA and logistic regression. Results Participants’ infants primarily received their own mother’s milk (87%, n = 61). No infants received donor human milk, but 4% ( n = 3) of participants donated milk. The majority of participants had positive responses to attitudinal statements about donor milk. When presented with a hypothetical scenario, participants chose formula (89%, n = 59) over donor human milk (11%, n = 7) for their infant. Moreover, if donor human milk was the only option available, they chose donor human milk from a relative or friend (60%, n = 40) over a milk bank (40%, n = 26). Medical providers had discussed donor human milk use or donation with 4% ( n = 3) of participants. Conclusions The majority of participants previously had minimal experience using donor human milk and limited knowledge regarding donor human milk and milk banks. According to participants, medical providers did not routinely discuss milk donation and the role of donor human milk with families.

scholarly journals High-Temperature Short-Time and Holder Pasteurization of Donor Milk: Impact on Milk Composition

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Diana Escuder-Vieco ◽  
Juan M. Rodríguez ◽  
Irene Espinosa-Martos ◽  
Nieves Corzo ◽  
Antonia Montilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
High Temperature Short Time ◽  
Lactose Concentration ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Milk Banks ◽  
Short Time

Holder pasteurization (HoP; 62.5 °C, 30 min) is commonly used to ensure the microbiological safety of donor human milk (DHM) but diminishes its nutritional properties. A high-temperature short-time (HTST) system was designed as an alternative for human milk banks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of this HTST system on different nutrients and the bile salt stimulated lipase (BSSL) activity of DHM. DHM was processed in the HTST system and by standard HoP. Macronutrients were measured with a mid-infrared analyzer. Lactose, glucose, myo-inositol, vitamins and lipids were assayed using chromatographic techniques. BSSL activity was determined using a kit. The duration of HTST treatment had a greater influence on the nutrient composition of DHM than did the tested temperature. The lactose concentration and the percentage of phospholipids and PUFAs were higher in HTST-treated than in raw DHM, while the fat concentration and the percentage of monoacylglycerides and SFAs were lower. Other nutrients did not change after HTST processing. The retained BSSL activity was higher after short HTST treatment than that following HoP. Overall, HTST treatment resulted in better preservation of the nutritional quality of DHM than HoP because relevant thermosensitive components (phospholipids, PUFAs, and BSSL) were less affected.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 in human milk is inactivated by Holder pasteurization but not cold storage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Walker ◽  
Vanessa Clifford ◽  
Nidhi Bansal ◽  
Alberto Ospina Stella ◽  
Stuart Turville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
Milk Bank ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Milk Banks ◽  
Mother’S Own Milk

ABSTRACTAs the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, human milk banks worldwide continue to provide donor human milk to vulnerable infants who lack access to mother’s own milk. Under these circumstances, ensuring the safety of donor human milk is paramount, as the risk of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is not well understood. Here, we investigate the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in human milk by pasteurisation, and the stability of SARS-CoV-2 in human milk under cold storage (freezing or refrigeration). Following heating to 63°C or 56°C for 30 minutes, SARS-CoV-2 replication competent (i.e. live) virus was undetected in both human milk and the control medium. Cold storage of SARS-CoV-2 in human milk (either at 4°C or - 30°C) did not significantly impact infectious viral load over a 48 hour period. Our findings demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 can be effectively inactivated by Holder pasteurisation, and confirm that existing milk bank processes will effectively mitigate the risk of transmission of SARS-COV-2 to vulnerable infants through pasteurised donor human milk.

Assessment of factors affecting willingness to blood donation among Hawassa town Population Southern, Ethiopia,2020.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belete Girma ◽  
Hiwot Deneke ◽  
Yusuf Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Willingness To Donate ◽  
The Future ◽  
Needle Prick

Abstract Background: Blood donation is a unique act to save the lives of people who face serious surgical and medical conditions. Since the request for blood supply is too high, there is a shortage of blood which causes significant morbidity and mortality. To increase blood supply and maintain adequate quantity of blood, regular and volunteer blood donation practice is needed. Ethiopia is one of the lowest annual donation rates which is 0.8/1000 population. This study assesses factors affecting willingness to donate blood among Hawassa town southern Population.Objectives: To assess the factors affecting willingness to blood donation among Hawassa town population Southern, Ethiopia.Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Hawassa town in November 2020. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select study population. At Stage one, three Kebele are selected from total 32 Kebele, at stage two using systematical sampling method used to draw the total sample size, proportional to the population of each kebele and each study units are selected randomly from Each household. Data was collected using structured interviewer questionnaire. Data entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.Result: A total of 633 participants were included in the final analysis (response rate = 100%). Among which 212(33.5%) was Female and 421 (66.5%) were Male. The mean age was 30.95 ±2.0 years. Among the study participants, 490(77.4) are willing to donate blood in the future and 125(22.9%) of them had blood donation practices in the past. The most prominent factors that affect willingness of participant for blood donation was, Unfit to donate, fear of needle prick and Not approached to donate (45.2%,38.5% and 11.7%) respectively. Majority of the respondents 382 (60.3%) reported that voluntary donor is the best source of safe blood. Desire to help other and age of study Participant age greater 25 years are significantly associated factor for increased willingness to blood donation (AOR 2.146 (0.028, 0.753) and (AOR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.1, 3.0) respectively.Conclusion: Only minor proportion of the participants donate blood in the past, but Majority of the participant was willing to donate blood in the future. The major factors that participant not willing to donate blood are Unfit to donate, fear of needle prick and Not approached to donate. There is a need to improve awareness on who and when a person able to donate a blood and organizing campaign to increase awareness on important of blood donation for those who are willing to donate blood in the future, to create a pool of eligible blood donors.

Air and Water Processes Do Not Produce the Same High-Quality Pasteurization of Donor Human Milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Buffin ◽  
Pierre Pradat ◽  
Jocelyne Trompette ◽  
Isabelle Ndiaye ◽  
Eliane Basson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Routine Treatment ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Milk Banks

Background: Holder pasteurization is the most commonly used technique in milk banks worldwide, but higher temperatures and longer pasteurization time have been associated with damage to the immune components of human milk. Research aim: This study aimed to assess the detailed pattern of pasteurization temperature using two water pasteurizers (WP1 and WP2) and one air pasteurizer (AP). Methods: The milk temperature during each phase of the pasteurization cycle was recorded using 6 to 9 probes, depending on the number of bottles, in the pasteurizers. We used 90 to 200 ml bottles to assess the effect of volume on milk temperature. Results: The time to heat the milk from room temperature to 58°C was 12.4, 12.9, and 64.5 min, respectively, for WP1, WP2, and the AP ( p < .0001). The duration of the plateau was 35.5, 35.2, and 45.8 min ( p < .0001). The duration of exposure to a temperature above 58°C was 49.6, 40.7, and 76.2 min ( p < .0001). The total duration of a full cycle was 79, 66, and 182 min ( p < .0001). The duration of exposure above 58°C for the different volumes of milk treated showed no difference when using WP1 but was significantly longer in small volumes when using WP2. Conclusion: Human milk treated using the air pasteurizer in our study was exposed to higher temperatures and for longer periods of time than the water pasteurizers we employed. Regular qualification of pasteurizers is requested when evaluating the effect of pasteurization on milk components and for routine treatment of human milk in milk banks.

Ebola Virus and Marburg Virus in Human Milk Are Inactivated by Holder Pasteurization

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Hamilton Spence ◽  
Monica Huff ◽  
Karen Shattuck ◽  
Amy Vickers ◽  
Nadezda Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Marburg Virus ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
Milk Bank ◽  
Viral Plaque ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
Milk Banks

Background: Potential donors of human milk are screened for Ebola virus (EBOV) using standard questions, but testing for EBOV and Marburg virus (MARV) is not part of routine serological testing performed by milk banks. Research aim: This study tested the hypothesis that EBOV would be inactivated in donor human milk (DHM) by standard pasteurization techniques (Holder) used in all North American nonprofit milk banks. Methods: Milk samples were obtained from a nonprofit milk bank. They were inoculated with EBOV (Zaire strain) and MARV (Angola strain) and processed by standard Holder pasteurization technique. Plaque assays for EBOV and MARV were performed to detect the presence of virus after pasteurization. Results: Neither EBOV nor MARV was detectable by viral plaque assay in DHM or culture media samples, which were pasteurized by the Holder process. Conclusion: EBOV and MARV are safely inactivated in human milk by standard Holder pasteurization technique. Screening for EBOV or MARV beyond questionnaire and self-deferral is not needed to ensure safety of DHM for high-risk infants.

scholarly journals Human milk banks in the response to COVID-19: a statement of the regional human milk bank network for Southeast Asia and beyond

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estrella Olonan-Jusi ◽  
Paul G. Zambrano ◽  
Vu H. Duong ◽  
Nguyen T. T. Anh ◽  
Nant S. S. Aye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Donor Human Milk ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Milk Bank ◽  
Human Milk Bank ◽  
Milk Banks

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on infant feeding in the context of COVID-19 uphold standing recommendations for breastfeeding, non-separation, and skin-to-skin contact, including the use of donor human milk when mother’s own milk is not available. Insufficient guidance on the use of donor human milk and the role of human milk banks in the pandemic response COVID-19 clinical management guidelines in seven countries in Southeast Asia are not aligned with WHO recommendations despite the lack of evidence of transmission through either breastmilk or breastfeeding. The use of safe donor human milk accessed through human milk banks is also insufficiently recommended, even in countries with an existing human milk bank, leading to a gap in evidence-based management of COVID-19. This highlights long-standing challenges as well as opportunities in the safe, equitable, and resilient implementation of human milk banks in the region. Conclusions This statement reflects the expert opinion of the Regional Human Milk Bank Network for Southeast Asia and Beyond on the need to revisit national guidelines based on the best evidence for breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic, to incorporate human milk bank services in national obstetric and newborn care guidelines for COVID-19 where possible, and to ensure that operations of human milk banks are adapted to meet the needs of the current pandemic and to sustain donor human milk supply in the long-term. The Network also recommends sustained engagement with the global human milk bank community.

scholarly journals Assessment of factors affecting willingness to blood donations among Hawassa town Population Southern, Ethiopia,2020.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belete Girma ◽  
Hiwot Deneke ◽  
Yusuf Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Willingness To Donate ◽  
The Future ◽  
Needle Prick

Abstract Background: Blood donation remain a unique act to save the lives of people who encounter critical surgical and medical conditions. Since the request for blood supply is extremely high, a shortage of blood causes significant morbidity and mortality. To increase blood supply and maintain an adequate quantity of blood, regular and volunteer blood donation practice is needed. Ethiopia is one of the lowest annual donation rates which is 0.8/1000 population. This study assesses factors affecting willingness to donate blood among Hawassa Town's southern Population.Objectives: To assess the factors affecting willingness to blood donation among Hawassa town population Southern, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional investigation was conducted in Hawassa Town in November 2020. A multi-stage sampling procedure was utilized to select the study population. At Stage one, three Kebeles are taken from a total of 32 Kebele, at stage two implementing a systematically sampling method used to draw the total sample size, proportional to the population of each kebele and each study unit are selected randomly from Each household. Data were collected using a structured interviewer questionnaire. Data entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Result: A total of 633 participants was included in the final analysis (response rate = 100%). Among which 212(33.5%) were female and 421 (66.5%) were Male. The average age was 30.95 ±2.0 years.Among the study participants, 490(77.4) are willing to donate blood in the future, and 125(22.9%) of them had blood donation practices in the past. The most prominent factors that affect the willingness of the participants for blood donation were, Unfit to donate, fear of needle prick and Not approached to donated (45.2%, 38.5%, and 11.7%) respectively. Most of the respondents 382 (60.3%) reported that voluntary donor is the best source of protected blood. Desire to aid other and age of study Participant age greater 25 years are significantly associated factor for increased willingness to blood donated (AOR 2.146 (0.028, 0.753) and (AOR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.1, 3.0) respectively.Conclusion: Only minor proportion of the participants donated blood in the past, but Majority of the participant was willing to donate blood in the future. The crucial factors that participants are not willing to donate blood are Unfit to donate, fear of needle prick, and Not approached to donate. There is a need to improve awareness on who and when a person capable to donate blood and organizing campaigns to increase awareness on the importance of blood donation for those who are willing to donate blood in the future, to produce a pool of eligible blood donors.

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