Intracranial pressure–based validation and analysis of traumatic brain injury using a new three-dimensional finite element human head model

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanu Khanuja ◽  
Harikrishnan Narayanan Unni
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Von Mises

Traumatic brain injuries are life-threatening injuries that can lead to long-term incapacitation and death. Over the years, numerous finite element human head models have been developed to understand the injury mechanisms of traumatic brain injuries. Many of these models are erroneous and used ellipsoidal or spherical geometries to represent brain. This work is focused on the development of high-quality, comprehensive three-dimensional finite element human head model with accurate representation of cerebral sulci and gyri structures in order to study traumatic brain injury mechanisms. Present geometry, predicated on magnetic resonance imaging data consist of three rudimentary components, that is, skull, cerebrospinal fluid with the ventricular system, and the soft tissues comprising the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. The brain is modeled as a hyperviscoelastic material. Meshed model with 10 nodes modified tetrahedral type element (C3D10M) is validated against two cadaver-based impact experiments by comparing the intracranial pressures at different locations of the head. Our results indicate a better agreement with cadaver results, specifically for the case of frontal and parietal intracranial pressure values. Existing literature focuses mostly on intracranial pressure validation, while the effects of von Mises stress on brain injury are not analyzed in detail. In this work, a detailed interpretation of neurological damage resulting from impact injury is performed by analyzing von Mises stress and intracranial pressure distribution across numerous segments of the brain. A reasonably good correlation with experimental data signifies the robustness of the model for predicting injury mechanisms based on clinical predictions of injury tolerance criteria.

scholarly journals Development of a Finite Element Head Model for the Study of Impact Head Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Kwong-Ming Tse ◽  
Ning Chen ◽  
Long-Bin Tan ◽  
Qing-Qian Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
The Brain

This study is aimed at developing a high quality, validated finite element (FE) human head model for traumatic brain injuries (TBI) prediction and prevention during vehicle collisions. The geometry of the FE model was based on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of a volunteer close to the anthropometry of a 50th percentile male. The material and structural properties were selected based on a synthesis of current knowledge of the constitutive models for each tissue. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was simulated explicitly as a hydrostatic fluid by using a surface-based fluid modeling method. The model was validated in the loading condition observed in frontal impact vehicle collision. These validations include the intracranial pressure (ICP), brain motion, impact force and intracranial acceleration response, maximum von Mises stress in the brain, and maximum principal stress in the skull. Overall results obtained in the validation indicated improved biofidelity relative to previous FE models, and the change in the maximum von Mises in the brain is mainly caused by the improvement of the CSF simulation. The model may be used for improving the current injury criteria of the brain and anthropometric test devices.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN HEAD UNDER SIDE CAR CRASH IMPACTS AT DIFFERENT SPEEDS

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 1440002 ◽  
Author(s):  
XINGQIAO DENG ◽  
SHOU AN CHEN ◽  
R. PRABHU ◽  
YUANYUAN JIANG ◽  
Y. MAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Car Crash ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
The Impact

Mechanical response of the human head under a side car crash impact is crucial for modeling traumatic brain injuries (TBI) or concussions. The current advances in computational methods and the finite element models of the human head provide a significant opportunity for biomechanical study of brain injuries; however, limited experimental data is available for delineating the injury relationship between the head injury criteria (HIC) and the tensile pressure or von Mises stress. In this research, we assess human head injuries in a side impact car crash using finite element (FE) simulations that quantify the tensile pressures and maximum strain profiles. In doing so, five FE analyses for the human head have been carried out to investigate the correlations between the HIC measured in the dummy model at different moving deformable barrier (MDB) velocities increasing from 10 mph to 30 mph in 5 mph increments and the pressure and von Mises stress of the skull, the skin, the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and the brain. The computational simulation results for the tensile pressures and von Mises stresses correlated well with the HIC15 and peak accelerations. Also a second-order polynomial seemed to fit the stress levels to the impact speeds and as such the presented method for using FE human head analysis could be used for reconstruction of head impacts in different side car crash conditions; furthermore, the head model would provide a tool for investigation of the cause and mechanisms of head injuries once the type and locations of injuries are quantified.

Effects of occlusal scheme on All-on-Four abutments, screws and prostheses: A three-dimensional finite element study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurullah Türker ◽  
Hümeyra Tercanlı Alkış ◽  
Steven J Sadowsky ◽  
Ulviye Şebnem Büyükkaplan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Group Function ◽  
Occlusal Contact ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Von Mises

An ideal occlusal scheme plays an important role in a good prognosis of All-on-Four applications, as it does for other implant therapies, due to the potential impact of occlusal loads on implant prosthetic components. The aim of the present three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) study was to investigate the stresses on abutments, screws and prostheses that are generated by occlusal loads via different occlusal schemes in the All-on-Four concept. Three-dimensional models of the maxilla, mandible, implants, implant substructures and prostheses were designed according to the All-on-Four concept. Forces were applied from the occlusal contact points formed in maximum intercuspation and eccentric movements in canine guidance occlusion (CGO), group function occlusion (GFO) and lingualized occlusion (LO). The von Mises stress values for abutment and screws and deformation values for prostheses were obtained and results were evaluated comparatively. It was observed that the stresses on screws and abutments were more evenly distributed in GFO. Maximum deformation values for prosthesis were observed in the CFO model for lateral movement both in the maxilla and mandible. Within the limits of the present study, GFO may be suggested to reduce stresses on screws, abutments and prostheses in the All-on-Four concept.

scholarly journals Biomechanical assessment of different fixation methods in mandibular high sagittal oblique osteotomy using a three-dimensional finite element analysis model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Savoldelli ◽  
Elodie Ehrmann ◽  
Yannick Tillier
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Fixation Methods ◽  
Oblique Osteotomy ◽  
Von Mises

AbstractWith modern-day technical advances, high sagittal oblique osteotomy (HSOO) of the mandible was recently described as an alternative to bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for the correction of mandibular skeletal deformities. However, neither in vitro nor numerical biomechanical assessments have evaluated the performance of fixation methods in HSOO. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical characteristics and stress distribution in bone and osteosynthesis fixations when using different designs and placing configurations, in order to determine a favourable plating method. We established two finite element models of HSOO with advancement (T1) and set-back (T2) movements of the mandible. Six different configurations of fixation of the ramus, progressively loaded by a constant force, were assessed for each model. The von Mises stress distribution in fixations and in bone, and bony segment displacement, were analysed. The lowest mechanical stresses and minimal gradient of displacement between the proximal and distal bony segments were detected in the combined one-third anterior- and posterior-positioned double mini-plate T1 and T2 models. This suggests that the appropriate method to correct mandibular deformities in HSOO surgery is with use of double mini-plates positioned in the anterior one-third and posterior one-third between the bony segments of the ramus.

A comparative study between zirconia and titanium abutments on the stress distribution in parafunctional loading: A 3D finite element analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efe Can Sivrikaya ◽  
Mehmet Sami Guler ◽  
Muhammed Latif Bekci
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
3D Fea ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

BACKGROUND: Zirconia has become a popular biomaterial in dental implant systems because of its biocompatible and aesthetic properties. However, this material is more fragile than titanium so its use is limited. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the stresses on morse taper implant systems under parafunctional loading in different abutment materials using three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA). METHODS: Four different variations were modelled. The models were created according to abutment materials (zirconia or titanium) and loading (1000 MPa vertical or oblique on abutments). The placement of the implants (diameter, 5.0 × 15 mm) were mandibular right first molar. RESULTS: In zirconia abutment models, von Mises stress (VMS) values of implants and abutments were decreased. Maximum and minimum principal stresses and VMS values increased in oblique loading. VMS values were highest in the connection level of the conical abutments in all models. CONCLUSIONS: Using conical zirconia abutments decreases von Mises stress values in abutments and implants. However, these values may exceed the pathological limits in bruxism patients. Therefore, microfractures may be related to the level of the abutment.

scholarly journals A 3-D Finite Element Study of the Influence of Crown-Implant Ratio on Stress Distribution

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Lucia Dantas de Moraes ◽  
Fellippo Ramos Verri ◽  
Joel Ferreira Santiago Junior ◽  
Daniel Augusto de Faria Almeida ◽  
Caroline Cantieri de Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Maximum Principal Stress ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Bone Block ◽  
Crown Height ◽  
Oblique Loading ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the crown height of external hexagon implants on the displacement and distribution of stress to the implant/bone system, using the three-dimensional finite element method. The InVesalius and Rhinoceros 4.0 softwares were used to generate the bone model by computed tomography. Each model was composed of a bone block with one implant (3.75x10.0 mm) with external hexagon connections and crowns with 10 mm, 12.5 mm and 15 mm in height. A 200 N axial and a 100 N oblique (45°) load were applied. The models were solved by the NeiNastran 9.0 and Femap 10.0 softwares to obtain the results that were visualized by maps of displacement, von Mises stress (crown/implant) and maximum principal stress (bone). The crown height under axial load did not influence the stress displacement and concentration, while the oblique loading increased these factors. The highest stress was observed in the neck of the implant screw on the side opposite to the loading. This stress was also transferred to the crown/platform/bone interface. The results of this study suggest that the increase in crown height enhanced stress concentration at the implant/bone tissue and increased displacement in the bone tissue, mainly under oblique loading.

scholarly journals A three - dimensional finite element study on the stress distribution pattern of two prosthetic abutments for external hexagon implants

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 484-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Moreira ◽  
Caio Hermann ◽  
Jucélio Tomás Pereira ◽  
Jean Anacleto Balbinoti ◽  
Rodrigo Tiossi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
3D Fea ◽  
The One ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical behavior of two different straight prosthetic abutments (one- and two-piece) for external hex butt-joint connection implants using three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA). Materials and Methods: Two 3D-FEA models were designed, one for the two-piece prosthetic abutment (2 mm in height, two-piece mini-conical abutment, Neodent) and another one for the one-piece abutment (2 mm in height, Slim Fit one-piece mini-conical abutment, Neodent), with their corresponding screws and implants (Titamax Ti, 3.75 diameter by 13 mm in length, Neodent). The model simulated the single restoration of a lower premolar using data from a computerized tomography of a mandible. The preload (20 N) after torque application for installation of the abutment and an occlusal loading were simulated. The occlusal load was simulated using average physiological bite force and direction (114.6 N in the axial direction, 17.1 N in the lingual direction and 23.4 N toward the mesial at an angle of 75° to the occlusal plan). Results: The regions with the highest von Mises stress results were at the bottom of the initial two threads of both prosthetic abutments that were tested. The one-piece prosthetic abutment presented a more homogeneous behavior of stress distribution when compared with the two-piece abutment. Conclusions: Under the simulated chewing loads, the von Mises stresses for both tested prosthetic-abutments were within the tensile strength values of the materials analyzed which thus supports the clinical use of both prosthetic abutments.

Finite Element Analysis of Gold Bonding under Different Loading Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 713-716
Author(s):  
Wen Liang Tang ◽  
Chun Yue Huang ◽  
Tian Ming Li ◽  
Ying Liang ◽  
Guo Ji Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Bonding Time ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Bonding Pressure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

In this paper, ANSYS-LSDYNA simulation software is used to build the three-dimensional finite element model of the ball bond and to get the Von Mises stress. The change of stress about the bump is researched which base on the model in different bonding pressure, bonding power and bonding time. The result show that: The stress increase with bonding pressure increase within a certain bonding pressure range, and then the stress will maintain a table number, however, the stress will continue to increase when the bonding pressure reach a certain value; increasing the bonding power, the area of lager stress will grow; prolonging the bonding time, the stress of the pad will increase with time, but when time increase to a certain value, the stress of the pad will not increase over time.

scholarly journals Finite-element analysis of microwave scattering from a three-dimensional human head model for brain stroke detection

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 180319
Author(s):  
Awais Munawar Qureshi ◽  
Zartasha Mustansar ◽  
Samah Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Brain Stroke ◽  
Human Head Model ◽  
Brain Stroke Detection

In this paper, a detailed analysis of microwave (MW) scattering from a three-dimensional (3D) anthropomorphic human head model is presented. It is the first time that the finite-element method (FEM) has been deployed to study the MW scattering phenomenon of a 3D realistic head model for brain stroke detection. A major contribution of this paper is to add anatomically more realistic details to the human head model compared with the literature available to date. Using the MRI database, a 3D numerical head model was developed and segmented into 21 different types through a novel tissue-mapping scheme and a mixed-model approach. The heterogeneous and frequency-dispersive dielectric properties were assigned to brain tissues using the same mapping technique. To mimic the simulation set-up, an eight-elements antenna array around the head model was designed using dipole antennae. Two types of brain stroke (haemorrhagic and ischaemic) at various locations inside the head model were then analysed for possible detection and classification. The transmitted and backscattered signals were calculated by finding out the solution of the Helmholtz wave equation in the frequency domain using the FEM. FE mesh convergence analysis for electric field values and comparison between different types of iterative solver were also performed to obtain error-free results in minimal computational time. At the end, specific absorption rate analysis was conducted to examine the ionization effects of MW signals to a 3D human head model. Through computer simulations, it is foreseen that MW imaging may efficiently be exploited to locate and differentiate two types of brain stroke by detecting abnormal tissues’ dielectric properties. A significant contrast between electric field values of the normal and stroke-affected brain tissues was observed at the stroke location. This is a step towards generating MW scattering information for the development of an efficient image reconstruction algorithm.

scholarly journals Assessment of stress changes in dentoalveolar and skeletal structures of the mandible with the miniplate anchored Forsus: A three-dimensional finite element stress analysis study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Harshal Ashok Patil ◽  
Pawankumar Dnyandeo Tekale ◽  
Veerendra V. Kerudi ◽  
Jitendra S. Sharan ◽  
Ratnadip Arunrao Lohakpure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Functional Appliance ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
Fixed Functional Appliance ◽  
Finite Element Stress Analysis ◽  
Von Mises

ObjectiveThe study conducted to assess the effects of a fixed functional appliance (Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device; 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) on the mandible with three-dimensional (3D) finite element stress analysis.Materials and MethodsA 3D finite element model of mandible with miniplate at mandibular symphysis was prepared using SolidEdge software along with the plate geometry. The changes were deliberated with the finite element method, in the form of highest von Mises stress and maximum principal stress regions.ResultsMore areas of stress were seen in the model of the mandible at cortical bone in canine region at bone and miniplate interface.ConclusionsThis fixed functional appliance studied by finite element model analysis caused more von Mises stress and principal stress in both the cortical bone and the condylar region.

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