scholarly journals Prevalence, incidence, and distribution of human papillomavirus types in female sex workers in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Kristen Sweet ◽  
Claire Bosire ◽  
Busola Sanusi ◽  
Carly J Sherrod ◽  
Jessie Kwatampora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Negative

Female sex workers (FSWs) have a notably high risk of acquiring human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Relatively few studies address the type-specific prevalence and incidence of HPV among FSWs in sub-Saharan Africa. FSWs (n = 348) attending the Korogocho clinic in Nairobi, Kenya participated from August 2009 to March 2011. HPV DNA was detected using the SPF10-LiPA25 PCR assay. Baseline prevalence of HPV infection and cervical dysplasia were calculated, stratified by HIV-serostatus. Incidence rate (IR) of infection was calculated as number of new infections from baseline over person-months among 160 HPV-negative participants with complete 12-month follow-up. Baseline HPV prevalence was 23.6% for any HPV and 20.4% for high-risk HPV (hrHPV) types. Most prevalent types were HPV52 (10.1%), HPV35 (2.3%), and HPV51 (2.3%). A quarter (24%) of participants were HIV-positive. HPV prevalence was higher in HIV-positive (32.1%) than HIV-negative (20.8%) participants. hrHPV prevalence was higher in HIV-positive (27.4%) than HIV-negative (18.2%) women. During follow-up, HPV IR was 31.4 (95% CI: 23.8–41.5) for any HPV and 24.2 (95% CI: 17.9–32.8) for hrHPV types. HPV52 had the highest IR (6.0; 95% CI: 6.5–10.3). Overall HPV and hrHPV prevalence were lower than expected, but both prevalence and incidence were higher in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative women.

scholarly journals Cervical Human Papillomavirus Prevalence, Genotypes, and Associated Risk Factors among Female Sex Workers in Greater Accra, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rashid Adams ◽  
Priscillia Awo Nortey ◽  
Benjamin Ansah Dortey ◽  
Richard Harry Asmah ◽  
Edwin Kwame Wiredu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Hpv Genotypes

Cervical cancer is a largely preventable disease mediated by persistent infection with high-risk Human Papillomaviruses (Hr-HPV). There are now three approved vaccines against the most common HPV genotypes. In Ghana, mortality due to cervical cancer is on the rise, due to the absence of an organized and effective cervical cancer prevention and control program. Data on circulating HPV genotypes is important for studying the likely impact of mass introduction of HPV vaccination of the female population before sexual debut. High HPV prevalence has been reported in Female Sex Workers (FSWs), who constitute an important active group for maintenance of HPV in the population. This study was conducted to determine the size of HPV prevalence in this group and to provide information for future assessment of the impact of vaccine introduction in the country. We conducted a cross-sectional study where the snowballing technique was used to identify and select FSW’s ≥18 years, operating within suburbs of Greater Accra Region (GAR). A risk factor assessment interview was conducted and cervical swabs were collected for HPV-DNA detection and genotyping by Nested Multiplex PCR. Hundred participants, age ranging from 18 to 45 years, median 24 years, were studied. The prevalence of Cervical HPV was 26%. Eleven genotypes were detected comprising 9 high-risk in order of decreasing prevalence HPV-16 (8%), HPV-35 (5%), HPV-33/39/-68 (3%), HPV-52/51/59 (2%) and HPV-18 (1%) and 2 Low-risk types, HPV-42(3%), and HPV-43 (1%). Three women had HPV types that could not be genotyped by our method. Oral contraceptives use was associated with a reduced chance of HPV infection (P=0.002; OR=0.19, 95% CI 0.07-0.54). This study found a high HPV prevalence among FSWs in the GAR. A high number of Hr-HPV genotypes seen are vaccine preventable, providing additional compelling argument for implementing a national cervical cancer prevention plan including vaccination.

Human papillomavirus infection among male clients of female sex workers soliciting sex in brothels in Peru

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenell Stewart ◽  
Martha Calderon ◽  
Alison Hathaway ◽  
Rachel L Winer ◽  
Joseph Zunt
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Male Clients ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
The Difference

The prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been reported to be three times higher in female sex workers (FSWs) in Callao, Peru than in the general population of women in Peru. Prevalence of HR-HPV among male clients has not yet been reported. A total of 150 men soliciting intercourse in sex work venues submitted questionnaires, samples for sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, and self-collected penile samples prior to and following intercourse for HPV genotyping. We identified variables associated with pre-coital HR-HPV, and compared HR-HPV detection pre- and post-coitus. Prior to intercourse, HR-HPV prevalence was 41.9%. Married clients were less likely than unmarried clients to have HR-HPV detected ( p = 0.03). While post-coital HR-HPV prevalence was higher (47.6%), the difference was not statistically significant. However, there was a significant increase in the mean number of HR-HPV DNA strains detected before (0.75) and after (0.94) intercourse ( p = 0.02). No cases of gonorrhoea or syphilis and six (4.1%) cases of chlamydial infection were detected. Despite low prevalence of other STIs, male clients had a high HR-HPV prevalence. The increase in detection of HR-HPV following intercourse demonstrates a potential for transmission of HR-HPV despite high self-reported condom use.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Association between Vaginal Infections and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types in Female Sex Workers in Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rodriguez-Cerdeira ◽  
E. Sanchez-Blanco ◽  
A. Alba
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Associated Lesions

Background. Infection with and persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are the strongest risk factors for cervical cancer. In addition, other genital microorganisms may also be involved in the progression of HPV-associated lesions. Objetive. To evaluate the association of the vaginal microbiota (Candida spp., Trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginosis) with HR-HPV infection in Spanish female sex workers (FSWs). Methods. This cross-sectional study involved 208 (FSWs; age, 18–49 years) who visited a sexually transmitted infection (STI) information and prevention center (SERGAS) between January 2010 and December 2011. Face-to-face interviews were carried out. Cervical and vaginal samples were examined for human papillomavirus (HPV), Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida spp., and microorganisms related to bacterial vaginosis (BV). Results. HR-HPV was found to be significantly associated with BV in FSWs with positive results for HPV16-related types (31, 33, 35, and 52). T. vaginalis was isolated in FSWs with the following HR-HPVs: 18, 45, 66, and 68. Candida spp. were isolated only in FSWs with HPV 18-positive infection. Conclusion. We demonstrate a significant prevalence of HR-HPVs in FSWs with disturbances in the vaginal microbiota.

scholarly journals Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus and abnormal pap smears in female sex workers compared to the general population in Antwerp, Belgium

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Vorsters ◽  
Tine Cornelissen ◽  
Elke Leuridan ◽  
Johannes Bogers ◽  
Davy Vanden Broeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Female Sex

scholarly journals Identification of the Human Papillomavirus Genotypes, According to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status in a Cohort of Women from Maputo, Mozambique

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Cremildo Maueia ◽  
Alltalents Murahwa ◽  
Alice Manjate ◽  
Soren Andersson ◽  
Jahit Sacarlal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Hiv Negative

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is now a well-established cause of cervical cancer and other anogenital cancers. An association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and higher HPV incidence and prevalence are commonly reported. This study was conducted to demonstrate HPV prevalence, genotypes and its characteristics, according to the HIV status in women from Maputo in Mozambique. Methods: A total of 233 participants with ages ranging from fourteen to forty-five were included. Cervical samples were collected, DNA extracted, and HPV genotyping was performed using the HPV Direct Flow CHIP Kit. Results: In total, 177 HIV-negative and 56 HIV-positive women were included in the analysis. The overall HPV prevalence was 63% and was significantly higher among HIV-positive women (79% versus 58% among HIV-negative women; p = 0.005). The prevalence of multiple HPV type infections was 32%. High-risk HPV types 52, 68, 35, 18 and 16 were the most frequent. A higher proportion of HIV-positive women had multiple HPV types compared with HIV-negative women. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of HPV in the study cohort. HIV-positive women were identified as having the highest HPV prevalence and infection with multiple HPV types across all ages. High-risk genotypes were the most commonly found.

Heterogeneity in the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in HIV-negative and HIV-positive men who have sex with men in West Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issifou Yaya ◽  
Véronique Boyer ◽  
Phyllis Amivi Ehlan ◽  
Alou Coulibaly ◽  
Mawuényégan Kouamivi Agboyibor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Study Country ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative

Abstract Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. We assessed (i) the prevalence of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection and associated factors, and (ii) the prevalence of vaccine-preventable HPV infections in MSM in Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Mali, and Togo. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017-2018 among MSM ≥18 years old followed in community-based clinics. HPV infection was investigated in oral and anal samples using the e-BRID system. Factors associated with HR-HPV infection were identified using multivariate logistic regressions. Results Among 631 participants, 425 were HIV-negative and 206 HIV-positive. HR-HPV prevalence ranged from 9.2 to 34.8% in the former, and 33.3 to 71.0% in the latter according to the study country. In multivariate analysis, HIV infection (adjusted odds ratio 3.61, 95% confidence interval 2.48–5.27) and study country (4.73, 2.66–8.43 for Mali; 3.12, 1.68–5.80 for Burkina Faso; 3.51, 1.92–6.42 for Togo) were associated with HR-HPV infection. Other associated factors were low educational level, self-defined homosexual identity and condomless anal sex. The prevalence of infections which can be prevented with bivalent, quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines was 5.9, 27.1, and 34.6% in HIV-negative participants, and 18.9, 43.7, and 54.9% in HIV-positive participants, respectively. Conclusion HR-HPV prevalence was very heterogeneous between the study countries in both HIV-negative and HIV-positive MSM. Vaccine-preventable HPV infections predominated. Vaccination should be proposed to young MSM to reduce the burden of HPV infection in this vulnerable population and their female partners in West Africa.

scholarly journals HIV self-test performance among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e022652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina F Ortblad ◽  
Daniel Kibuuka Musoke ◽  
Thomson Ngabirano ◽  
Aidah Nakitende ◽  
Geoffrey Taasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Self Test ◽  
Research Assistants ◽  
Hiv Negative

ObjectiveTo evaluate HIV self-testing performance and results interpretation among female sex workers (FSWs) in Kampala, Uganda, who performed unassisted HIV self-testing.MethodsIn October 2016, 104 participants used an oral HIV self-test while under observation by research assistants. Participants were not assisted on HIV self-test use prior to or during testing, and were only given the manufacturer’s pictorial and written instructions to guide them. Research assistants recorded if participants completed and/or had difficulties with steps in the HIV self-testing process on a prespecified checklist. Randomly drawn, used HIV self-tests were interpreted by FSWs. We calculated the concordance between FSWs’ interpretations of self-test results with those indicated in the manufacturer’s instructions.ResultsOnly 33% (34/104) of participants completed all of the key steps in the HIV self-testing process, and the majority (86%, 89/104) were observed having difficulties with at least one of these steps. Misinterpretation of HIV self-test results were common among FSWs: 23% (12/56) of FSWs interpreted HIV-negative self-test results as HIV positive and 8% (3/37) of FSWs interpreted HIV-positive self-test results as HIV negative. The concordance between FSWs’ interpretations of self-test results and that indicated in the instructions was 73% (95% CI 56% to 86%) for HIV-positive self-tests and 68% (95% CI 54% to 80%) for HIV-negative self-tests.ConclusionsFSWs in Kampala, who performed unassisted HIV self-testing, skipped steps in the HIV self-testing process and had difficulties correctly interpreting self-test results. Training on use and interpretation of HIV self-tests may be necessary to prevent errors in the HIV self-testing process and to avoid the negative consequences of false-positive and false-negative HIV self-test results among FSWs.Trial registration numberNCT02846402.

scholarly journals Female sex workers in Kigali, Rwanda: a key population at risk of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and unplanned pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosine Ingabire ◽  
Rachel Parker ◽  
Julien Nyombayire ◽  
Jasmine E Ko ◽  
Jeannine Mukamuyango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv Negative

Female sex workers (FSWs) were recruited from known hotspots in Kigali, Rwanda, and offered free, anonymous human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and testing, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). From September 2012 to March 2015, 1168 FSWs sought services, including 587 (50%) who were HIV-positive. More than 90% had previously tested for HIV, and 26% who reported previously testing negative had seroconverted. Of the 349 who already knew their HIV-positive status, 74% were on antiretroviral treatment. The prevalence of serologic syphilis was 43% in HIV-positive and 19% in HIV-negative FSWs (p < 0.0001), and Trichomonas vaginalis was found in vaginal wet mounts in 21% of HIV-positive and 13% of HIV-negative FSWs (p < 0.0001). Signs and symptoms of STIs were found in 35% of HIV-positive compared with 21% of HIV-negative FSWs (p < 0.0001). Only one-third reported consistent condom use in the last month. Modern contraceptive use was reported by 43% of HIV-positive and 56% of HIV-negative FSWs (p < 0.0001). Current pregnancy was reported by 4% of HIV-positive and 6% of HIV-negative FSWs (p = 0.0409). Despite Rwanda’s successes with preventing 70% of new infections in the general population through nationwide couples’ testing in antenatal clinics, prevention and timely treatment in key populations including FSWs are lacking. The prevalence of HIV – including many new cases – and STIs among FSWs in Kigali is high and condom and contraceptive use are low. Tailored and integrated HIV/STIs and family planning programs are urgently needed for FSWs.

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