A 2000-year record of lake ontogeny and climate variability from the north-eastern European Russian Arctic

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi P Luoto ◽  
Peter Kuhry ◽  
Steffen Holzkämper ◽  
Nadia Solovieva ◽  
Angela E Self
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Temperature Reconstruction ◽  
Temperature Record ◽  
Recent Sediment ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Lake Ontogeny

A lake sediment record from the north-eastern European Russian Arctic was examined using palaeolimnological methods, including subfossil chironomid and diatom analysis. The objective of this study is to disentangle environmental history of the lake and climate variability during the past 2000 years. The sediment profile was divided into two main sections following changes in the lithology, separating the limno-telmatic phase between ~2000 and 1200 cal. yr BP and the lacustrine phase between ~1200 cal. yr BP and the present. Owing to the large proportion of semi-terrestrial chironomids and poor modern analogues, a reliable chironomid-based temperature reconstruction for the limno-telmatic phase was not possible. However, the lacustrine phase showed gradually cooling climate conditions from ~1200 cal. yr BP until ~700 cal. yr BP. The increase in stream chironomids within this sediment section indicates that this period may also have had increased precipitation that caused the adjacent river to overflow, subsequently transporting chironomids to the lacustrine basin. After a short-lived warm phase at ~700 cal. yr BP, the climate again cooled, and a progressive climate warming trend was evident from the most recent sediment samples, where the biological assemblages seem to have experienced an eutrophication-like response to climate warming. The temperature reconstruction showed more similarities with the climate development in the Siberian side of the Urals than with northern Europe. This study provides a characteristic archive of arctic lake ontogeny and a valuable temperature record from a remote climate-sensitive area of northern Russia.

scholarly journals Understanding a continuous inland aeolian deposition: a closer look into a chronological and sedimentary record of the north-eastern European Sand Belt

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Kalińska
Keyword(s):  
Cold Climate ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Limited Opportunity ◽  
State Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
North Eastern Part

Abstract A belt of inland aeolian sand sediments termed the European Sand Belt (ESB) runs throughout Europe, and its western part has gained greater attention, while attention to the eastern part has been limited. Whereas clear aeolian–paleosol sequences that reflect colder–-armer phases are known from its western part, such alternation is practically undetectable in the eastern part. This study combines the available chronological and sedimentary data from the north-eastern part of the ESB, with a special focus on the Baltic State region. Here, aeolian deposition took place between 15.9±1.0 ka and 8.5±0.5 ka, almost instantly following a deglaciation and drainage of paleolakes, and thereafter practically without longer-term stability. Lack of paleosols is likely due to the prevalence of pioneer vegetation, reflecting dry and cold climate conditions, and thus giving limited opportunity for soil development.

The Function of Siberian Fir In The Formation Of Forest Phytocoenoses In The Floodplain Landscapes of North-Eastern European Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Gerling ◽  
Sergey Tarasov
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Siberian Fir ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract Background The peculiarity of Siberian fir ( Abies sibirica Ledeb.) growth in the territory of the North-East of the European part of Russia is that its habitats are confined to certain types of landscapes, namely floodplains of streams and rivers, slopes, and watersheds. In the structure of plant communities formed in such areas, fir is generally the predominant species. The purpose of this study is to find out causes why fir tree have been successful in colonizing specific types of landscapes. The study was conducted in the Komi Republic, Russia. The objects of the study were chosen two forest phytocoenoses with fir dominance, one of which grows on a slope and the other — on a floodplain terrace. A comparative analysis of the complex of factors determining the growth and development of these forest communities was made.Results Orographic conditions have been recognized as the main factor determining the species structure of phytocoenoses in the considered landscape types. The relief features of the areas where the forest stands under consideration are located contribute to the development of periodic water flows that have a significant impact on the species structure formation. Comparison of morphological and phenological features of the main forest-forming species of the Komi Republic has shown that the fir has a number of advantages contributing to its success under the conditions of a specific hydrological regime. Conclusions The formation of spatial patterns with Siberian fir dominating on slopes and floodplains is a consequence of fir adaptability to the influence of periodic water flow due to the relief features.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF TROUT NATURALIZATION IN WATER BODIES IN NORTH-EASTERN EUROPEAN RUSSIA (CASE OF VYCHEGDA RIVER TRIBUTARIES)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Alexander Borisovich Zakharov ◽  
Eduard Ivanovich Boznak
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
River System ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

The article highlights the ichthyological studies carried out in the Sysola river basin (a second order tributary of the Severnaya Dvina river), where rainbow trout is reared in cages for commercial purposes in the waters of regulated tributaries. The forecast for trout naturalization seems to be poor due to the fact that trout of different ages enter the river system every year as a result of technological accidents. It has been found that, despite the numerous cases of trout occurring in the natural conditions during 40 years, in the basin of the Sysola river has not formed a self-reproducing population of rainbow trout, and cases of its by-catch are rare. The data on the climatic and ecological conditions of the region are given. It has been inferred that the main factors preventing the naturalization of trout in the water bodies of the region are unfavorable temperature and hydrological regimes during the spawning and early ontogenesis of fish. The short summer feeding period does not allow trout to prepare for successful long wintering, as evidenced by a sharp decrease in the growth rate of fish that have fallen into natural conditions, compared to fish grown in cages. Trout of cage origin obviously do not form stable groups capable of reproducing the species and do not pose a threat to the aboriginal fish population, including Atlantic salmon, whose spawning and a significant part of the life cycle take place on many rivers of the north-eastern European Russia, including the basins of the Severnaya Dvina and Pechora rivers

scholarly journals Mass, nutrients and oxygen budgets for the North Eastern Atlantic Ocean

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 4323-4360
Author(s):  
G. Maze ◽  
H. Mercier ◽  
V. Thierry ◽  
L. Memery ◽  
P. Morin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Oxygen Solubility ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
The North ◽  
Irminger Sea ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
North Eastern

Abstract. A surface to bottom North-East Atlantic Ocean budget for mass, nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) and oxygen is determined using an optimization method based on climatological data from the World Ocean Atlas 2009 and three surveys of the OVIDE transect (from Greenland to Portugal). Budgets are derived for two communicating boxes representing the North Eastern European Basin (NEEB) and the Irminger Sea. For the NEEB (Irminger) box, it is found that 30% of the mass import (export) across the OVIDE section reach (originate from) the Nordic Seas while 70% is redistributed between both boxes through the Reykjanes Ridge (9.3±0.7×109 kg s−1). Net biological source/sink terms of nitrate point to both the Irminger and NEEB boxes as net organic matter production sites (consumming nitrate at a rate of −7.8±6.5 kmol s−1 and −8.4±6.6 kmol s−1 respectively). Using a standard Redfield ratio of C:N =106:16, nitrate consumption rates indicate that about 40 TgC yr−1 of carbon is fixed by organic matter production between the OVIDE transect and the Greenland-Scotland Ridge. Nutrients fluxes also induce a net biological production of oxygen of 73±60 kmol s−1 and 79±62 kmol s−1 in the Irminger and NEEB boxes which points to the region as being autotrophic. Air-sea oxygen fluxes show an oceanic oxygen uptake in the two regions (264±66 kmol s−1 in the north and 443±70 kmol s−1 in the south), dominated by the abiotic component. The abiotic flux is partitionned into a mixing and a thermal components. It is found that the Irminger Sea oceanic oxygen uptake is driven by an air-sea heat flux cooling increasing the ocean surface oxygen solubility. Over the North Eastern European Basin the mixing component is about half the thermal flux, presumably because of the oxygen minimum in the subtropical thermocline.

scholarly journals A 900-year New England temperature reconstruction from in situ seasonally produced branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1653-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Miller ◽  
M. Helen Habicht ◽  
Benjamin A. Keisling ◽  
Isla S. Castañeda ◽  
Raymond S. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Water Column ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Temperature Reconstruction ◽  
Temperature Record ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers

Abstract. Paleotemperature reconstructions are essential for distinguishing anthropogenic climate change from natural variability. An emerging method in paleolimnology is the use of branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) in sediments to reconstruct temperature, but their application is hindered by a limited understanding of their sources, seasonal production, and transport. Here, we report seasonally resolved measurements of brGDGT production in the water column, in catchment soils, and in a sediment core from Basin Pond, a small, deep inland lake in Maine, USA. We find similar brGDGT distributions in both water column and lake sediment samples but the catchment soils have distinct brGDGT distributions suggesting that (1) brGDGTs are produced within the lake and (2) this in situ production dominates the down-core sedimentary signal. Seasonally, depth-resolved measurements indicate that most brGDGT production occurs in late fall, and at intermediate depths (18–30 m) in the water column. We utilize these observations to help interpret a Basin Pond brGDGT-based temperature reconstruction spanning the past 900 years. This record exhibits trends similar to a pollen record from the same site and also to regional and global syntheses of terrestrial temperatures over the last millennium. However, the Basin Pond temperature record shows higher-frequency variability than has previously been captured by such an archive in the northeastern United States, potentially attributed to the North Atlantic Oscillation and volcanic or solar activity. This first brGDGT-based multi-centennial paleoreconstruction from this region contributes to our understanding of the production and fate of brGDGTs in lacustrine systems.

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