Restraints in daily care for people with moderate intellectual disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Pier S Van der Meulen ◽  
Maaike A Hermsen ◽  
Petri JCM Embregts
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Support Staff ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Care Approach ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Background: Self-determination is an important factor in improving the quality of life of people with moderate intellectual disabilities. A focus on self-determination implies that restraints on the freedom of people with intellectual disabilities should be decreased. In addition, according to the Dutch Care and Coercion bill, regular restraints of freedom, such as restrictions on choice of food or whom to visit, should be discouraged. Such restraints are only allowed if there is the threat of serious harm for the clients or their surroundings. Research question: What do support staff consider as restraints on freedom and how do they justify these restraints? Research design: In this study, data were collected by semi-structured interviews. Participants and research context: Fifteen support staff working with clients with moderate intellectual disabilities were interviewed. All participants work within the same organisation for people with intellectual disabilities in the Eastern part of the Netherlands. Ethical considerations: The study was conducted according to good scientific inquiry guidelines and ethical approval was obtained from a university ethics committee. Findings: Most restraints of freedom were found to be centred around the basic elements in the life of the client, such as eating, drinking and sleeping. In justifying these restraints, support staff said that it was necessary to give clarity in what clients are supposed to do, to structure their life and to keep them from danger. Discussion: In the justification of restraints of freedom two ethical viewpoints, a principle-guided approach and an ethics of care approach, are opposing one other. Here, the self-determination theory can be helpful, while it combines the autonomy of the client, relatedness to others and the client’s competence. Conclusion: Despite the reasonable grounds support staff gave for restraining, it raises the question whether restraints of freedom are always in the interest of the client.

scholarly journals Experiences of the Medication Use Process by People with Intellectual Disabilities. What a Pharmacist Should Know!

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Bernadette Flood ◽  
Martin C. Henman
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Expert Patients

There is a scarcity of information about the experience of people with intellectual disabilities in the medication use process. Six people with intellectual disabilities consented to be interviewed by a pharmacist to determine their knowledge and views of medication use. Data from semi-structured interviews were analysed using a grounded theory approach. Self-determination and risk to the quality of the medication use process were identified as theories. Literature review provided two explanations—vulnerabilities of people with intellectual disabilities in healthcare and pharmacists have a role to play in ensuring a quality medication use process for people with intellectual disabilities. People with intellectual disabilities may be ‘expert patients’ and can provide valuable insights into their experience of medication use. They may be ‘high risk’ patients but may not be recognized as such by pharmacists.

scholarly journals Trainer and support staff’s experiences of engaging with the Who’s Challenging Who? challenging behaviour training course

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Flynn ◽  
Richard P Hastings ◽  
David Gillespie ◽  
Rachel McNamara ◽  
Elizabeth Randell
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Support Staff ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Training Course ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Background: The Who’s Challenging Who? (WCW) training is coproduced and delivered by people with intellectual disabilities (IDs), and it aims to improve staff empathy for people with challenging behaviour (CB). This study qualitatively describes trainees’ and trainers’ experiences of the WCW. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with managers ( n = 7), support staff ( n = 6) and the WCW trainers ( n = 4; three had IDs). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Two cross-cutting themes were drawn from the data: (1) valued roles of the trainers, whereby trainers and trainees benefited from the training being coproduced and delivered by people with IDs, and (2) beyond the training, within which trainees reported that they were engaging in increased reflection about their past and current practice. Conclusions: Being trained by people with IDs and CB appears to be a useful method, which can lead to perspective taking and reflection about supporting people with IDs and CB.

A training program to qualify people with intellectual disabilities for inclusive research

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Grebe ◽  
M Voß ◽  
L Heitland ◽  
S Nadolny ◽  
ÄD Latteck
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health Related ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Inclusive research aims to involve people with intellectual disabilities (ID) with their views and values in all steps of the research process. But there is a lack of published training programs that address the qualification of people with ID for their roles as co-researchers. Objectives The aim was to develop a training program, based on constructivist didactics, in order to empower people with ID to act as initiators of health-related research, interviewers, data analysts and authors. In addition, the program aims to promote social self-organization and health literacy. The program consists of four steps: 1) Recruiting, relationship and team building; 2) Analysis of communication skills; 3) Choice of topic and formulation of a research question relevant to the lifeworld of the co- researchers 4) Exercises, carried out with an open, flexible approach, taking into account the individual biographies, knowledge, skills and interests of the team. Professional researchers moderate this process and promote the activation of knowledge and experiences. The whole process comprised weekly team meetings over a period of 7 months. Results The co-researchers were successfully empowered to deal with new kinds of demands and tasks. As of March 2020, the co- researchers selected pain as their topic and successfully formulated research questions, developed a guideline for semi-structured interviews and acquired essential interviewing skills. Data collection and analysis are still pending. Conclusions The implemented inclusive research approach pursued here, offers opportunities for generating research findings that are more relevant for the target group and their lifeworld. Consequently, professionals can better address the needs of their clients and develop tailored interventions. For the involved co-researchers with ID the training program seems to be successful in empowering them in decision-making and in reflecting on their own and other's health-related needs. Key messages People with intellectual disabilities can successfully be qualified as co-researchers with a 7-months weekly training program. The training program helps the co-researchers in reflecting on their own and other’s health-related needs.

Love and Emotional Well-being in People with Intellectual Disabilities

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benito Arias ◽  
Anastasio Ovejero ◽  
Raquel Morentin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Perceived Satisfaction ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Love has been a recurrent topic throughout history, and especially, literature. Moreover, there is generalized agreement about its relevance for health emotional well-being, and quality of life. This study was carried out with a sample of 376 persons with ID. The goals of the work were to analyze a theoretical model of love in people with intellectual disabilities by means of the methodology of structural equations, and to analyze their perception of love and of amorous relations with regard to other aspects such as amorous satisfaction, perceived satisfaction, absence of family interference, self-determination, and emotional well-being. The results revealed that (a) the construct under study has three factors: Commitment, stability, and idealization, Passion and physiological excitement, and Intimacy and romanticism; (b) the perception of love in this collective is, in general, idealized and affected by the context; and (c) self-determination and the lack of family interference are relevant variables to explain both love and emotional well-being.

scholarly journals Urban encounters limited: The importance of built-in boundaries in contacts between people with intellectual or psychiatric disabilities and their neighbours

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (16) ◽  
pp. 3371-3387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femmianne Bredewold ◽  
Evelien Tonkens ◽  
Margo Trappenburg
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Support Staff ◽  
Psychiatric Disabilities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

People with intellectual disabilities or psychiatric disorders who live in ordinary neighbourhoods often have little contact with fellow residents without disabilities. Recent research suggests that we should not strive for warm contacts based on familiarity and shared values between utterly different groups in urban areas. Daily life between people with and without disabilities is described as a process in which boundaries are negotiated. This study builds on that observation. It was based in a middle sized town in the Netherlands and consists of a survey among people with intellectual or psychiatric disabilities and neighbourhood residents (not being support staff or relatives of people with disabilities); semi structured interviews and participant observation. We found that fruitful encounters between different groups depend on built-in boundaries in contacts. Positive encounters occur when roles are clear and boundaries do not have to be negotiated because they are given. Both parties benefit from boundaries and fixed roles: people with disabilities do not need social reflexivity or intricate social skills to find their way in the situation; people without disabilities can end the contact without being rude. In line with previous research we also found that positive neighbourhood contacts are usually light and superficial and result in conviviality rather than long term relationships.

Counselling Support for People with Intellectual Disabilities: The Use of Narrative Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Wark
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Grief And Loss ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
Severe Intellectual Disability ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

This article uses a descriptive case study design to examine the potential of narrative therapy as a direct intervention for adults with moderate-to-severe intellectual disabilities, autism and/or severe communication limitations. Archival clinical data on four individuals who received a form of social constructionist narrative therapy are examined for goal attainment. The data were analysed qualitatively with specific input from individuals, their families and carers. Findings indicate improvements in quality of life through reductions in situational and environmental anxieties, and in coping with grief and loss. The results suggest that narrative therapy techniques can be beneficial in assisting individuals with severe intellectual disability to achieve meaningful and persistent improvements in their life.

Views of family carers to the future accommodation and support needs of their relatives with intellectual disabilities

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy McConkey ◽  
Jayne McConaghie ◽  
Owen Barr ◽  
Paul Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Supported Accommodation ◽  
The Family ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

AbstractObjectives: The demand for places in supported accommodation is likely to rise due to the increasing longevity of people with intellectual disabilities and as their parents become unavailable or unable to care for them. However few attempts have been made to ascertain carer's views on alternative accommodation.Method: Four studies were undertaken in Northern Ireland to ascertain carer's views using three different methods. In all, 387 carers participated with the response being greatest for individual interviews conducted in the family home and least for self-completed questionnaires and attendance at group meetings.Results: The majority of carers envisaged the person continuing to be cared for within the family. The most commonly chosen out-of-home provision was in residential or nursing homes, living with support in a house of their own and in homes for small groups of people. Few carers chose living with another family. However only small numbers of carers envisaged alternative provision being needed in the next two years and few had made any plans for alternative living arrangements.Conclusions: The implications for service planning are noted, primarily the need for individual reviews of future needs through person-centred planning; improved information to carers about various residential options and their differential benefits, along with more services aimed at improving the quality of life of people living with family carers. These need to be underpinned by a commitment of statutory agencies to partnership working with family carers. The implications for mental health services are noted.

On the Use of Speech Technologies to Achieve Inclusive Education for People with Intellectual Disabilities

2013 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Ana Pérez Pérez ◽  
Zoraida Callejas Carrión ◽  
Ramón López-Cózar Delgado ◽  
David Griol Barres
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Integration ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Speech And Language Disorders

New technologies have demonstrated a great potential to improve the social, labour, and educational integration of people with special needs. That is why there is a special interest of academia and industry to develop tools to assist this people, improving their autonomy and quality of life. Usually, intellectual disabilities are linked with speech and language disorders. In this chapter, the authors present a review on the efforts directed towards designing and developing speech technologies adapted to people with intellectual disabilities. Also, they describe the work they have conducted to study how to gather speech resources, which can be used to build speech-based systems that help them to communicate more effectively.

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