Family perspectives on organ and tissue donation for transplantation: A principlist analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1041-1050
Author(s):  
Marcelo José dos Santos ◽  
Lydia Feito
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Tissue Donation ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
The Family ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations ◽  
Family Interview

Background: The family interview context is permeated by numerous ethical issues which may generate conflicts and impact on organ donation process. Objective: This study aims to analyze the family interview process with a focus on principlist bioethics. Method: This exploratory, descriptive study uses a qualitative approach. The speeches were collected using the following prompt: “Talk about the family interview for the donation of organs and tissues for transplantation, from the preparation for the interview to the decision of the family to donate or not.” For the treatment of qualitative data, we chose the method of content analysis and categorical thematic analysis. Participants: The study involved 18 nurses who worked in three municipal organ procurement organizations in São Paulo, Brazil, and who conducted family interviews for organ donation. Ethical considerations: The data were collected after approval of the study by the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo. Results: The results were classified into four categories and three subcategories. The categories are the principles adopted by principlist bioethics. Discussion: The principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice permeate the family interview and reveal their importance in the organs and tissues donation process for transplantation. Conclusion: The analysis of family interviews for the donation of organs and tissues for transplantation with a focus on principlist bioethics indicates that the process involves many ethical considerations. The elucidation of these aspects contributes to the discussion, training, and improvement of professionals, whether nurses or not, who work in organ procurement organizations and can improve the curriculum of existing training programs for transplant coordinators who pursue ethics in donation and transplantation as their foundation.

Donation Education for Medical Students: Enhancing the Link between Physicians and Procurement Professionals

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian C. Essman ◽  
Daniel J. Lebovitz
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Tissue Donation ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Organ And Tissue Donation ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations

Purpose Increasing healthcare professionals' knowledge about organ and tissue donation; the national mandates regarding referral compliance; and the effect on donors, donor families, and transplant recipients is a challenging task. Physicians not routinely involved in organ donation or transplantation are some of the most difficult professionals for organ procurement organizations to access. A course for medical students was developed to initiate the transfer of information, comfort, and familiarity with the organ and tissue donation process. Methods Discussions with a local medical school revealed that little organized education on organ and tissue donation existed. An elective course was developed consisting of 2-hour lectures, once a week for 6 weeks. Topics included an overview of tissue and organ donation, history and significance of the current crisis, determination of brain death and its role in organ donation, tissue donation, pretransplant and posttransplant processes, ethical issues, and the donor family and recipient experience. Results A thorough course proposal was presented to the medical school's Chairman of Surgery and Chairman of Transplantation. The proposal was approved for first- and second-year medical students. Conclusion Offering medical students a unique and comprehensive course may attract curious students who could become future champions for donation. This type of educational approach may significantly influence future interactions between physicians and organ procurement organizations. If more organ procurement organizations implement this type of program, the medical students' knowledge of donation will not only affect and benefit the local organ procurement organization's service area but other procurement organizations throughout the country as well.

Increasing Referrals and Donations Using the Transplant Center Development Model

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T Gravel ◽  
Penelope Szeman
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Tissue Donation ◽  
Staff Education ◽  
Organ Procurement Organization ◽  
Organ And Tissue Donation ◽  
Transplant Center ◽  
Donation Process

Although transplantation centers directly benefit from organ and tissue donation, they continue to yield low organ and tissue referral and donation rates. Our medical center and organ procurement organization developed a model to increase referral and donation rates. This model, called the Transplant Center Development Model, facilitates the donation process, specializes staff education, and promotes administrative involvement. After it was was implemented at our medical center in 1991, the referral and donation rates from 1988 to 1990 were compared with those from 1991 to 1993. The results showed that after implementation of the model, the organ referral mean increased 47%; the organ donation mean, 50%; and the tissue donation mean, 117%. These findings suggest that this model may be a valuable tool in transplant center development.

An analysis of the quality indicators of the organ donation process in São Paulo, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1047-1053
Author(s):  
Luciana Carvalho Moura ◽  
Priscilla Caroliny de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Guareschi dos Santos ◽  
Heloisa Barboza Paglione ◽  
Jose Maria do Nascimento Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Donation Process

Chaplain “DOs and DON’Ts” on Organ Donation

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Jozef Zalot ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Vital Organ ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations ◽  
The Relationship

This guide was developed in collaboration with LifeCenter Organ Donor Network (Cincinnati, OH) to offer chaplains a framework for the best possible course of action when they provide spiritual care to family members of patients who are potential vital organ donors. Some organ procurement organizations (OPOs) may want to control the donation process. They are thus hesitant to invite in—let alone collaborate with—any “outsiders” who they believe might undermine the likelihood of procuring vital organs. So how should a chaplain respond when ministering to potential vital organ donors and their families? Should they speak with family members about donation? What should they say? Do OPOs want chaplains to speak with family members? Should there be limits to these conversations? This can be a touchy area, because vital organ donation necessarily entails the death of the patient. This makes the relationship between chaplains and OPOs sometimes strained.

The Timing Factor in the Consent Process

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A Niles ◽  
Burton J Mattice
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Consent Rate ◽  
Family Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations

Organ procurement organizations have been educating the medical profession on the importance of timing during the donation request process. Separating the request for donation from the notification of death has been encouraged when approaching families for consent for organ donation. This study evaluated the timing of the family approach and consent rates. A 23-month study was performed on all organ donor referrals in a 1.1 million population base. During the study period there were 203 referrals: 67 were medically unsuitable, next-of-kin was not available in 2 cases, 7 were coroner refusals, and 127 were suitable for donation. In this latter group, families were offered the option of organ donation. No apparent difference when donation was requested before or after the death pronouncement was found. Data indicated, however, that when the family is told of the death and is asked for donation simultaneously, the consent rate decreases 32% to 37%.

Organ Donation

2019 ◽  
pp. 545-551
Author(s):  
Lissi Hansen ◽  
Lauren F. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Federal Regulations ◽  
Donation After Circulatory Death ◽  
Bedside Nurse ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations ◽  
Circulatory Death

This chapter examines the organ donation process from the time the bedside nurse recognizes that a patient should be referred for organ donation until organ procurement has been completed. It also discusses when to speak with families about organ donation, how to address family concerns, the clinical triggers for organ donation, differences between brain death donation and donation after circulatory death (DCD), and palliative care for patients who are candidates for DCD. State and federal regulations related to prospective donors and safeguarding standards that are in place for organ procurement organizations (OPO) and hospitals are also included.

scholarly journals Experiencing organ donation: feelings of relatives after consent

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marli Elisa Nascimento Fernandes ◽  
Zélia Zilda Lourenço de Camargo Bittencourt ◽  
Ilka de Fátima Santana Ferreira Boin
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
The Family

Objective: to identify experiences and feelings on the organ donation process, from the perspective of a relative of an organ donor in a transplant unit.Method: this was exploratory research using a qualitative approach, performed with seven family members of different organ donors, selected by a lottery. Sociodemographic data and the experiences regarding the donation process were collected through semi-structured interviews. The language material was transcribed and submitted to content analysis.Results: poor sensitivity of the medical staff communicating the relative's brain death - the potential donor - and the lack of socio-emotional support prior to the situation experienced by the family was highlighted by participants.Conclusions: the study identified the need to provide social-emotional support for families facing the experience of the organ donation process. From these findings, other care and management practices in health must be discussed to impact the strengthening of the family ties, post-donation, as well as the organ procurement indexes.

O tempo envolvido para a constatação da morte encefálica

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Valdir Moreira Cinque ◽  
Estela Regina Ferraz Bianchi ◽  
Eutália Aparecida Candido de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cerebral Vascular Accident ◽  
Organ Procurement Organization ◽  
Nursing Stress ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
Complementary Examination

ABSTRACTObjectives: to analyze the time involved for the confirmation of brain death (BD) and compare it with the variables of interest. Method:  a retrospective analysis of charts of 103 patients which had BD from January of 2006 to December of 2007, in the Organ Procurement Organization of Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo - Brazil. Results: the majority, 55,34% was feminine, the main cause of BD was the Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) with 49,51% of cases. The average age of donors was 41.55 years (±16,73), and the transcranial doppler was the most widely used complementary examination. The average time for confirmation of BD was the 32.20 hours (±27,08). On average. The time for the confirmation of BD by CVA was of approximately 6.3 times more compared with other causes. Conclusion: the results can improve understanding the obstacles involved in the BD, facilitate the development of the care plan for nurses, in order to diminish the suffering and stress of families during the organ donation process. Descriptors: nursing; stress; family; brain death; organ transplantation.RESUMOObjetivos: analisar o tempo envolvido para a constatação da morte encefálica (ME) e compará-lo com as variáveis de interesse. Método: realizou-se a análise retrospectiva de 103 prontuários de pacientes que evoluíram em ME, de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2007, na Organização de Procura de Órgãos do Hospital das Clínicas. Resultados: a maioria, 55,34% dos doadores era do sexo feminino, sendo o Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) a principal causa de ME, com 49,51% dos casos. A média de idade dos doadores foi de 41,55 anos (±16,73), sendo o doppler transcraniano, o exame complementar mais utilizado. A média de tempo para a confirmação da ME foi de 32,20 horas (±27,08). Em média, o tempo para a constatação da ME por AVC foi cerca de 6,3 vezes maior em comparação com as outras causas. Conclusão: compreender os obstáculos envolvidos quanto à ME facilita o desenvolvimento do plano de cuidados para o enfermeiro, diminuindo assim, o sofrimento e estresse das famílias durante o processo de doação. Descritores: enfermagem; estresse; família; morte encefálica; transplante de órgãos.RESUMENObjetivo: presentar el tiempo dispensado para la confirmación de la muerte encefálica (ME) y comparar con las variables de interés. Método: se realizó análisis retrospectivo de 103 registros de pacientes que tuvieron ME, de enero de 2006 a diciembre de 2007, en la Organización de Procura de Órganos del Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo - Brasil. Resultados: la mayoría, 55,34% de los donadores eran mujeres. Se encontró que el Accidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) fue la principal causa de ME, con 49,51% de los casos. La edad media de los donadores fue de 41,55 años (±16,73), siendo el doppler transcraneal, el examen complementario más utilizado. El promedio de tiempo para la confirmación de la ME fue 32,20 horas (±27,08). En promedio, el  tiempo para la confirmación de ME por AVC fue de aproximadamente 6,3 veces mayor en comparación con otras causas. Conclusión: comprender los obstáculos que envuelven la ME facilita el desenvolvimiento del plan de atención para los enfermeros, reduciendo así, el sufrimiento y el estrés de las familias durante el proceso de donación. Descriptores: enfermería; estrés; familia; muerte encefálica; trasplante de órganos.

The Impact of a Comprehensive, Hospital-Focused Intervention to Increase Organ Donation

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol L Beasley ◽  
Carie Lynn Capossela ◽  
Lori E Brigham ◽  
Susan Gunderson ◽  
Phyllis Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Procurement Organization ◽  
Donation Rate ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations ◽  
The Impact

In this article the results of a 2-year intervention designed to increase rates of organ donation while improving services to bereaved families of potential donors are described. The project focused on improving key elements of the organ donation process. The intervention was implemented in 50 hospitals within the service areas of three organ procurement organizations. Results show an increase in identification, referral, and asking rates. The overall donation rate increased significantly, from 33% to 43%. However, consent rates remained unchanged. Future efforts should focus on improving the request process by systematically incorporating practices that are associated with higher consent rates. This should enable hospital and organ procurement organization staff to appropriately and effectively offer families the option of organ donation; further increases in organ donation should follow.

scholarly journals Hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremony: a grounded theory pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Charles Calhoun Reed ◽  
Elma I Fonseca ◽  
Regina I Reed ◽  
Stacy Foremski ◽  
Sara L Gill
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations

Objective: Various types of organ donation memorials, to include tree planting, rose garden memorials, candle lighting, donor memorial wall events are conducted throughout the year primarily by organ procurement organizations (OPOs). Although the benefits of such events have not been explored there has been continued interest by hospital staff and administrators to host such events. The purpose of this grounded theory pilot study was to describe the process of healing that a hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremony creates at the individual level and organ donation awareness and advocacy at the community level.Methods: The researchers interviewed nine organ donor family members who were invited to attend a hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremony at one Level I Trauma Center located in South Texas.Results: A 4-stage social process, “makes the hole in the heart smaller”, was identified from the qualitative interview data. Participants journeyed through a four stage process to make the hole in their hearts smaller. The four stages are: choosing to attend, being able to connect, keeping the memory alive and knowing something good came from it. As participants moved between stages their meaning for attendance changed. Families shifted from personal grieving and needing support to supporting other donor families and in the process became advocates for organ donation.Conclusions: The findings from this study validate the benefits of hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremonies. Families reported these ceremonies support their decision to donate, while also providing a means of continued emotional support throughout their grief process. The memorial event provides a safe venue for organ donor families to connect and share with others who have had a similar experience, while acknowledging their loved ones gift of life. Hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremonies and the permanent memorial structure increase awareness of organ donation for the community of donor families, hospital visitors and hospital staff.

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