Demographic Impact on Environment - A Case Study Focussing on CO2 Emission in China

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Kenji Hayashi ◽  
Jianqun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The North ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission derived from economic activities results primarily from the fossil fuels consumed. The variety of fossil fuels used, the degree of efficient consumption of energy, economic growth and national population size determine the total amount of CO2 emission in a country. Considering its population size as well as its potential for economic development, China is expected to play a key role in the global warming issue in concert with other industrialized Asian countries, including Japan. In the present study, the impact of population increase on total CO2 emission in China during the period 1982-1990 was analyzed. During the study period, population increase and CO2 emission per capita were 21 per cent and 70 per cent, respectively. In terms of population increase by region, some provinces in the inland areas and megacities, like Shanghai and Beijing, contributed the highest figures. To cope with high fertility in the inland areas as well as massive population inflow into the urban areas simultaneously, increasing the number of medium-sized cities to be located in the inland areas could be a solution. For CO2 emission per capita, the figures for the North-Eastcrn provinces and South-Eastern provinces along the coast are remarkable. The estimate of total emission of CO2 by 2010 is 1.6 million tons, a 74 per cent increase from 1992. Energy transition is the key to the stabilization of CO2 emission in China.

An Alpine Energy Transition: The Piave River from Charcoal to “White Coal”

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-710
Author(s):  
Giacomo Bonan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
Italian Case

Abstract This article analyzes the environmental history of the Industrial Revolution by examining the evolution of the usage and management of the waters of the Piave, a river stretching from the eastern Alps to the Venetian Plain. In the preindustrial period, the Piave played a fundamental role in defining the flows of raw materials and energy in the region, representing the main route for transporting timber—the most important resource of the time—from Alpine forests to lowland urban areas. The onset of industrialization, especially the development of a railway network, undermined both this role and the economic activities that had been based on the exploitation of Alpine forests. The subsequent rise of hydroelectricity transformed the Piave from a transport route to an energy source. This transformation caused, in a shift applicable to more than just the Italian case, a redefinition of the social and economic relationships between upland and lowland areas: after the energy transition, the Alpine region ceased to be a constituent part of an interdependent system and instead became a periphery to an urban core.

scholarly journals The Benefit of Collaboration in the North European Electricity System Transition—System and Sector Perspectives

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Göransson ◽  
Mariliis Lehtveer ◽  
Emil Nyholm ◽  
Maria Taljegard ◽  
Viktor Walter
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Total System ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
The North ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
System Transition ◽  
The Impact

This work investigates the connection between electrification of the industry, transport, and heat sector and the integration of wind and solar power in the electricity system. The impact of combining electrification of the steel industry, passenger vehicles, and residential heat supply with flexibility provision is evaluated from a systems and sector perspective. Deploying a parallel computing approach to the capacity expansion problem, the impact of flexibility provision throughout the north European electricity system transition is investigated. It is found that a strategic collaboration between the electricity system, an electrified steel industry, an electrified transport sector in the form of passenger electric vehicles (EVs) and residential heat supply can reduce total system cost by 8% in the north European electricity system compared to if no collaboration is achieved. The flexibility provision by new electricity consumers enables a faster transition from fossil fuels in the European electricity system and reduces thermal generation. From a sector perspective, strategic consumption of electricity for hydrogen production and EV charging and discharging to the grid reduces the number of hours with very high electricity prices resulting in a reduction in annual electricity prices by up to 20%.

scholarly journals The institution and the city: the impact of hospitals and workhouses on the development of Dublin's north inner city, c. 1773–1911

Urban History ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-688
Author(s):  
Katherine Fennelly
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Industry And Commerce ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

AbstractCities develop around industry, markets and transport links. Dublin in the nineteenth century was similar, but additionally the north-west of the city developed around the expansion of a complex of institutional buildings for the reception, confinement and welfare of the poor and sick. This article argues that these institutions were implicit in the development of the modern city in the same way as industry and commerce. The physical development of the buildings altered and defined both the streetscape and, over time, the social identities and historical communities in the locale, in the same way that industrial development defined urban areas.

Economic goals of Dubai and Abu Dhabi will diverge

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Sovereign Wealth Funds ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Significance Despite its promotion of an innovation ecosystem to attract start-ups, Abu Dhabi has overall made little progress in addressing the impact of the clean-energy transition on long-term demand for fossil fuels. As COVID-19 hits private consumption hard, Dubai is promoting expatriate-friendly labour market and legal reforms, with an eye to the troubled real estate sector. Impacts Abu Dhabi’s sovereign wealth funds will increase their exposure to the overseas oil derivatives industry. Dubai will shift attention to taming oversupply in the flagging property market, and developers will be under increased scrutiny. Ambitious oil production targets will increase tensions with Saudi Arabia; a medium-term OPEC exit is possible. Abu Dhabi will prioritise high-profile space and nuclear projects that generate soft power and boost innovation.

scholarly journals The impact of human and livestock respiration on CO2 emissions from 14 global cities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qixiang Cai ◽  
Ning Zeng ◽  
Fang Zhao ◽  
Pengfei Han ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Large City ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fossil Fuel Emissions

Abstract BackgroundThe CO2 released by humans and livestock through digestion and decomposition is an important part of the urban carbon cycle. But this part is reraly condidarded in the stuties of city carbon budget since its annual magnitude is lower than that of fossil fuel emissions within the boundaries of cities. However, human and livestock respiration may be substantial compared to fossil fuel emissions in areas with high population density such as Manhattan or Beijing. High-resolution datasets of CO2 release from respiration also have rarely been reported on a global scale or in cities globally. Here, we estimate the CO2 released by human and livestock respiration at global and large city scales and then compare it with the carbon emissions inventory from fossil fuels in 14 cities worldwide.ResultsThe results show that the total human and livestock respiration is up to 38.1% of fossil fuel emissions for Delhi among the studied cities. The proportion could be larger than 10% in cities of Sao Paulo, Cape Town and Tokyo. In other cities, it is raletivily small with a proportion around 5%, while Washington DC has the least proportion in 2.8%. In addition, almost 90% of respiratory carbon comes from urban areas in most cities, while up to one-third comes from suburban areas in Beijing on account of the siginificant livestock production.ConclusionThe results suggest that the respiration of humans and livestock represents a significant CO2 source in some cities and is nonnegligible for city carbon budget analysis and carbon monitoring.

scholarly journals The impact of housing transformation to livability in North Bandung Peri-urban area

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268
Author(s):  
Romi Bramantyo Margono ◽  
Yulia ◽  
Siswanti Zuraida ◽  
Wiwik Dwi Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization is an undeniable phenomenon that happens globally, including in Indonesia. Indonesian cities are growing, causing urban sprawl and transformation of rural areas into urban areas. In between the urban and rural there is peri-urban area that has unique mixed characteristics of both. Areas with such characteristics can be found easily in the outskirts of Bandung city. The growth of peri-urban areas in Bandung occurs simultaneously with the growing tourism industries. This phenomenon caused a spatial transformation especially to the existing houses, which gives impacts to the livability of the area. This article would focus upon how housing transformation in peri-urban areas can affect the livability of the area by using the North Bandung peri-urban area as a case study. The result shows that the spatial transformation that happens in peri-urban areas gives positive impacts to social, economy, and spatial aspects, but unfortunately not the environmental aspects. 

Assessing the impact of Transportation on Climate Change

2018 ◽  
pp. 275-299
Author(s):  
Sohana Debbarma ◽  
Geetanjali Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
East Region ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poor Infrastructure

India's North-East Region has greater demand for road and personalized modes of transport powered by fossil fuels. And due to emissions, there has been evidence of climate change. It has been found that diesel cars cause greater emissions (per kilometer travelled) as compared to petrol cars; therefore, the use of diesel should be discouraged. The chapter suggests that the emissions in case of public transport passenger-km are lesser than other modes of transport. However, in the North-East Region, there is negligible share of public transport due to poor infrastructure and service facilities. Therefore, improvements should be made with regard to public transport system so that considerable number of passengers shifts to public transport modes. Further, it is inferred that use of alternate vehicle or fuel technologies like hybrid electric vehicles, biofuel, biodiesel, hydrogen fuel need to be initiated to mitigate the climate change.

Managing the Demise of the Necessary Evil

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Andy Hartree
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
The Future ◽  
Fossil Fuel Industry ◽  
Necessary Evil

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a unique collapse in global energy demand and provoked a significant reappraisal of many aspects of our way of life, including working habits and travel behaviours, impacting the outlook for energy demand in the future. Assisted by tangible reductions in pollution levels in urban areas worldwide, there is even a perception growing that post COVID, we will somehow have accelerated on the path of energy transition, and the fossil fuel industry may never recover. This article reviews just where we are on the path to fossil fuel freedom, and tempers the over-optimism by highlighting how small the steps are that we have made to date and the scale of the challenge we face on the long road still ahead. Further, it emphasises that even our greenest aspirations, far from signalling the eradication of fossil fuels, will still rely on our legacy industries for a significant proportion of our energy requirements decades into the future. The biggest challenge is to create a global political environment of consensus and commitment focused on delivering realistic and achievable environmental strategy. Governments need to see a common goal, backed up by co-ordinated lobbies – industry, science, environmentalists and investors – all pulling in one direction. COVID-19 has raised awareness and even given us a glimpse of a greener future, but by giving the impression that we can live without our legacy fossil fuels it poses the threat that we fail to support an industry still vital to the delivery of energy transition.

scholarly journals The impact of technogenesis and economic activities of the indigenous peoples of the North Russia on the environmental status of the Yamal region

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 06012
Author(s):  
Sergei Petrov ◽  
Natali Mamaeva ◽  
Maksim Narushko
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The North ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Original Habitat ◽  
The Impact

The article studies the issue of the protection of the land and the coastal part of the Kara Sea and the role of specially protected natural territories, trading posts of small indigenous peoples of the North (SIPN) located within the boundaries of the state biological reserve of regional importance Yamalskiy. It is shown that the consolidation of administrative and production resources and academic science in order to study the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the biogeocenosis of the Arctic and the sociogenesis of the peoples of the North will allow solving specific tasks of developing and using the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and preserving the ethnic and cultural development of the SIPN, protecting their original habitat and traditional lifestyle.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Relation Between Political Borders and Ecosystems in Creating Green Infrastructure Opportunities - the City of Prague

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenan Hussein ◽  
May Salama ◽  
Peter Kumble ◽  
Henry.W.A Hanson IV
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Ecological Sustainability ◽  
City Development ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Political Borders ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Cities are small on earth’s surface but they are the most attractive places for people to live and work; cities are developing quickly, thus it’s important to keep it a better quality place to live as it has the major of the economic activities and more job opportunities and other social and economic advantages to be a more green and sustainable place. Seeking to achieve sustainable use of ecosystems and conserve natural resources in the city of Prague; integrating ecological sustainability goals, the political borders as a reflection of urban development in the city, and ecosystems edges in blue and green functions impact the city development, and present opportunities to create strategies for green and blue infrastructure and clarifying threats could slow down the process to achieve the sustainability and greenery application. Also checking possible urban areas for development like brownfields and clarifying their relationship with political borders and ecosystems to find possible areas to add for sustainable green use, which will create better places for people to live and raise the value of life as well.

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